1. Catch Me If You Can: Blackbox Adversarial Attacks on Automatic Speech Recognition using Frequency Masking
- Author
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Wu, Xiaoliang and Rajan, Ajitha
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Sound (cs.SD) ,Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Automatic Speech Recognition ,Adversarial Attack ,Computer Science - Sound ,Software Engineering (cs.SE) ,Computer Science - Software Engineering ,Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS) ,Frequency Masking ,FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Computation and Language (cs.CL) ,Blackbox ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing - Abstract
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are prevalent, particularly in applications for voice navigation and voice control of domestic appliances. The computational core of ASRs are deep neural networks (DNNs) that have been shown to be susceptible to adversarial perturbations; easily misused by attackers to generate malicious outputs. To help test the security and robustnesss of ASRS, we propose techniques that generate blackbox (agnostic to the DNN), untargeted adversarial attacks that are portable across ASRs. This is in contrast to existing work that focuses on whitebox targeted attacks that are time consuming and lack portability. Our techniques generate adversarial attacks that have no human audible difference by manipulating the audio signal using a psychoacoustic model that maintains the audio perturbations below the thresholds of human perception. We evaluate portability and effectiveness of our techniques using three popular ASRs and two input audio datasets using the metrics - Word Error Rate (WER) of output transcription, Similarity to original audio, attack Success Rate on different ASRs and Detection score by a defense system. We found our adversarial attacks were portable across ASRs, not easily detected by a state-of-the-art defense system, and had significant difference in output transcriptions while sounding similar to original audio., 11 pages, 7 figures and 3 tables
- Published
- 2022
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