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The article examines the essence and significance of the quality management system in the process of ensuring the quality and safety of agri-food products, considers the main aspects and prerequisites for its introduction on Ukrainian enterprises in the context of the implementation of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union. The legal and regulatory documents governing the safety of agri-food products, the level of their harmonization in Ukraine and implementation by Ukrainian operators of the agri-food market are analyzed. It was revealed that mainly large enterprises are currently implementing a quality management system, which is primarily associated with additional costs for its implementation. Attention is focused on the necessity to comply with the requirements of ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems, ISO 22000 Food Safety Management Systems, as well as the principles of the International System for Hazard Analysis and Control at Critical Points of HACCP to increase the competitiveness of agricultural and food products in the domestic and foreign markets and ensure it sustainable quality. The basic requirements of food product standards have been introduced. The dynamics of the development of certification processes at Ukrainian enterprises is traced, in particular, by the number of received quality certificates of the ISO group in Ukraine. General economic and specific reasons that hinder the growth of the quality and safety of agrі-food products at Ukrainian enterprises were identified, including: low level of technological equipment and slow development of innovative processes; imperfection of the domestic regulatory framework in the field of product quality regulation; significant price disparity and the presence of a large number of intermediaries in the chain from the producer of raw materials to the customer etc. A quality management system is proposed, which is a socio-ecological and economic system and combines a well-coordinated interaction of various types of quality management subsystems.