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Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a cholestatic liver disease that progresses to cirrhosis and liver failure. The Anali and Amsterdam scores are based upon imaging features on MRI and ERCP, respectively. Aims: We aimed to compare the interobserver variability and performances of these scores. Methods: Patients with PSC with at least 1 MRCP were included. Images were independently scored by 2 experts. Agreement and prognostic performance with a primary end point of hepatic decompensation was assessed. Results: Fifty-nine patients were included (67.8% male, 86.4% IBD). Interobserver agreement for the Anali and Amsterdam scores were moderate (k = 0.49; 95% CI 0.35–0.64 and k = 0.43; 95% CI 0.30–0.56, respectively). Among the Anali components, dysmorphy (caudate/right lobe ratio > 0.9) had fair agreement (k = 0.37; 95% CI 0.14–0.60) and portal hypertension (k = 0.64, 95% CI 0.32–0.89) and intrahepatic dilation (k = 0.70; 95% CI 0.53–0.87) had substantial agreement. The Amsterdam extrahepatic and intrahepatic scores had fair agreement (k = 0.38; 95% CI 0.23–0.52) and moderate agreement (k = 0.50; 95% CI 0.34–0.67), respectively. Anali score (HR 5.90, 95% CI 1.64–21.21), total bilirubin (HR = 3.23; 95% Cl 1.06–9.91), and age (HR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.00–1.11) were independent predictors of hepatic decompensation. Mayo risk score and Anali score had good discriminative ability with c-statistics of 0.78 (CI 0.59–0.96) and 0.76 (CI 0.56–0.91). Anali score remained an independent predictor after adjusting for Mayo risk score. Conclusion: Anali score adds additional predictive value for hepatic decompensation in patients with PSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate interobserver agreement on the findings of baseline contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (CE-MDCT) performed at the postoperative third month in patients who underwent surgery due to ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head and investigate the value of these findings in predicting locoregional recurrence. Material and methods: The baseline CE-MDCT images of 198 patients who underwent the Whipple procedure due to pancreatic head tumors were evaluated independently by three radiologists at the postoperative third month. The radiologists were asked to note suspicious findings in terms of locoregional recurrence, including postoperative fat stranding, the presence of perivascular contrast-enhanced solid tissue, short diameter of solid tissue if present, the shape of solid tissue (convex/concave), presence of peritoneal implants, diameter (mm) of pancreatic duct dilatation if present, the presence of lymph nodes larger than 5 mm, portal vein stenosis (≥50 and <50%), the presence of ascites, and the presence of distant metastases, as specified by the Society of Abdominal Radiology in October 2022. The agreement between the radiologists and the value of these parameters in predicting locoregional recurrence were investigated. Results: Among the CE-MDCT findings evaluated, the radiologists had a moderate-to-high level of agreement concerning the presence of perivascular contrast-enhanced solid tissue. However, there was a poor interobserver agreement on the shape of solid tissue. A very high level of agreement was found among the radiologists in the evaluation of pancreatic duct dilatation, peritoneal implants, ascites, and the presence of distant metastases. According to the univariate analysis, the rates of portal vein stenosis had a 1.419 -fold effect [odds ratio (OR)=1.419, [95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.548–3.679, p=0.041], lymph node presence had a 2.337 -fold effect [odds ratio (OR)=2.337, [95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.165–4.686, p=0.015], perivascular contrast-enhanced solid tissue had 2.241 -fold effect [odds ratio (OR)=2.241, [95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.072–4.684, p=0.005]. In the multivariate analysis, perivascular contrast-enhanced solid tissue had 2.241 -fold effect [odds ratio (OR)=2.519, [95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.132–5.605, p=0.024]. Conclusion: In the postoperative baseline CE-MDCT examination, the presence of solid tissue, lymph node presence, and portal vein stenosis in the surgical bed are among the findings that may indicate early locoregional recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine the diagnostic sensitivity and interobserver agreement of Gallium 68-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT) imaging for diagnosis and staging of patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PC). Materials and methods: One hundred and seventy-three men (mean age, 68 ± 7.7 years; range 46–84 years) with newly diagnosed, untreated PC were enrolled in this prospective study between January 2017 and August 2018. All patients underwent a 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT examination. For each patient, we determined the disease stage, the Gleason score, and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) for primary prostatic tumor and extraprostatic metastases. The diagnostic sensitivity and interobserver agreement of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for diagnosis and staging of PC were established by histopathology as the reference standard. Results: 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT examinations were interpreted as positive for PC in 166 of 173 patients (101 patients had primary prostatic tumor only, two patients had extraprostatic metastases only and 63 patients had combined lesions). The sensitivity of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT examination in the diagnosis of PC was 96%. 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT produced a significant change of stage in 28.6% patients with an upstage in 17.9% patients and a downstage in 10.7% patients. The interobserver agreements were almost good to perfect (k = 0.63–0.89) for visual image interpretation, SUVmax measurement, and tumor staging. Conclusion: 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT is a valuable tool with high diagnostic sensitivity (96%) and high reproducibility for diagnosis and staging of patients with newly diagnosed PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]