1. Non-antireflective Scheme for Efficiency Enhancement of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Nanotip Array Solar Cells
- Author
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Yi Chung Wang, Shih Chen Chen, Dan Hua Hsieh, Shun-Jen Cheng, Chia Hsiang Chen, Wei Chen Kuo, Chih-Huang Lai, Shou-Yi Kuo, Fang-I Lai, Kaung-Hsiung Wu, Chih-Chung Lai, Yu Kuang Liao, Yu-Lun Chueh, Yu Ting Yen, Jenh-Yih Juang, Hao-Chung Kuo, and Chia-Yu Lee
- Subjects
Materials science ,Passivation ,business.industry ,Diffusion ,General Engineering ,Analytical chemistry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Copper ,Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells ,law.invention ,Anti-reflective coating ,chemistry ,law ,Vacancy defect ,Optoelectronics ,General Materials Science ,Thin film ,business ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
We present systematic works in characterization of CIGS nanotip arrays (CIGS NTRs). CIGS NTRs are obtained by a one-step ion-milling process by a direct-sputtering process of CIGS thin films (CIGS TF) without a postselenization process. At the surface of CIGS NTRs, a region extending to 100 nm in depth with a lower copper concentration compared to that of CIGS TF has been discovered. After KCN washing, removal of secondary phases can be achieved and a layer with abundant copper vacancy (V(Cu)) was left. Such compositional changes can be a benefit for a CIGS solar cell by promoting formation of Cd-occupied Cu sites (Cd(Cu)) at the CdS/CIGS interface and creates a type-inversion layer to enhance interface passivation and carrier extraction. The raised V(Cu) concentration and enhanced Cd diffusion in CIGS NTRs have been verified by energy dispersive spectrometry. Strengthened adhesion of Al:ZnO (AZO) thin film on CIGS NTRs capped with CdS has also been observed in SEM images and can explain the suppressed series resistance of the device with CIGS NTRs. Those improvements in electrical characteristics are the main factors for efficiency enhancement rather than antireflection.
- Published
- 2013
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