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The title compound, C14H14Cl4N5OP3, is a phosphazene derivative with a bulky substituent attached through a spiro junction. The C3NPO ring at the spiro junction has a twist–boat conformation, while the phosphazene ring has a flattened-boat conformation. The Pspiro atom is likely to be stereogenic.

In the centrosymmetric dimeric Cd(II) title compound, [Cd(2)(C(9)H(10)NO(2))(4)(C(6)H(6)N(2)O)(2)(H(2)O)(2)], each seven-coordin-ated Cd(II) atom is chelated by the carboxyl-ate groups of the two 4-(dimethyl-amino)-benzoate (DMAB) anions; the two monomeric units are bridged through the two O atoms of the two carboxyl groups. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a three-dimensional network. π-π contacts between the pyridine rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.974 (1) Å] may further stabilize the structure. Weak C-H⋯π inter-actions are also observed.

The asymmetric unit of the centrosymmetric dinuclear title compound, [Cu2(C8H7O3)4(C6H6N2O)2(H2O)2], contains one half of the complex mol­ecule. Each CuII atom is five-coordinated by one N atom from one bridging nicotinamide ligand and one O atom from another symmetry-related bridging nicotinamide ligand, two O atoms from two 4-meth­oxy­benzoate ligands, and one water mol­ecule, forming a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. Inter­molecular O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into layers parallel to (\overline{1}01). π–π inter­actions, indicated by short inter­molecular distances of 3.801 (1) A between the centroids of the benzene rings and 3.653 (1) A between the centroids of the pyridine rings, further stabilize the structure.

In the title complex, [Co(C8H7O3)2(C6H6N2O)(H2O)2], the CoII atom is coordinated by three O atoms from two 4-meth­oxy­benzoate ligands, which act in different modes, viz. monodentate and bidentate, two water mol­ecules and one N atom of the isonicotinamide ligand in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The monodentate-coordinated carboxyl­ate group is involved in an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond with the coordinated water mol­ecule. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into layers parallel to the ab plane. The crystal packing is further stabilized by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π–π inter­actions indicated by the short distance of 3.6181 (8) A between the centroids of the benzene and pyridine rings of neighbouring mol­ecules.