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Background. The aim of this paper is to present a clinical case of laparoscopic repair of a uterine scar defect, to assess the effectiveness of treatment reviewing the latest literature sources, and to provide recommendations of uterine scar defect management. Materials and methods. We report the case of a 33-year-old woman with an insufficient uterine scar and one-year history of secondary infertility. Following this, she underwent corrective laparoscopic repair, successfully got pregnant two months later and carried pregnancy to full term. We discuss the prevalence of caesarean scar defects, their clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, various treatment techniques, and their outcomes. Results and conclusion. Caesarean scar defects, insufficient uterine scars, isthmocele or scar dehiscence following a caesarean section involve myometrial discontinuity at the site of a scar previous caesarean section. These anatomical defects associated with prolonged menstrual bleeding, chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and secondary infertility. Laparoscopic repair of the uterine scar defect is an effective method of treatment of secondary infertility. Patients with a previous history of caesarean section who present complaints of secondary infertility, need a detailed evaluation of the uterine scar before planning future pregnancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic ovarian transposition prior to radiation therapy on the preservation of hormonal function in the treatment of pelvic cancer. Materials and methods. A chart review of premenopausal women diagnosed with pelvic cancer, who underwent laparoscopic ovarian transposition to paracolic gutters, then received preoperative radiotherapy at the Center of Oncosurgery, Oncology Institute of Vilnius, from January 2010 to July 2013. Results. A total of 14 patients underwent laparoscopic ovarian transposition. Patients were divided into two groups by localisation of cancer: 2 (14.29%) patients diagnosed with rectal cancer and 12 (85.71%) with cervical cancer. Patients' age was from 24 to 42 years with a mean age of 33.71 (SD ± 5.22) years. The average age of the patients in the first group was 26 (SD ± 2.83) years. In the second group women, aged 29 and 42 years with a mean age of 35 (SD ± 4.35) years, were analyzed. Rectal cancer of stage III was diagnosed in both women of the first group. Tumor stage distribution in the second group, respectively: stage I - 2 cases (16.67%), stage II - 3 cases (25%), stage III - 7 cases (58.33%). Seven (58.33%) patients of the second group underwent complete endoscopic staging. In these groups of 14 patients there were 2 (14.3%) complications (injury of the inferior vena cava and postoperative abnormal vaginal bleeding). No postoperative exitus occurred. The mean duration of the operation was 2 hours 26 minutes ± 55 minutes (60-245 minutes), respectively, 2 hours 40 minutes ± 49 minutes (95-245 minutes) when laparoscopic staging and ovarian transposition was performed and 2 hours 12 minutes ± 1 hour 1 minute (60-245 minutes) when only ovarian transposition was performed. The hospitalization period ranged from 5 to 52 days (average 12 days). Conclusions. Laparoscopic ovarian transposition is a relatively safe and effective procedure for preserving ovarian function. This procedure should be considered in all reproductive age female patients who need to undergo pelvic irradiation as part of pelvic cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]