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Malignant diseases of the larynx stand for multifactorial diseases. A large body of epidemiological data has shown that long-term alcohol and tabacco use, nutrition and occupation may be the causes of laryngeal cancer. It has been proved that the degree of dysplasia and carcinoma in situ is proportional to the intensity of smoking. Numerous reports have shown that the number of alcohol consumers diagnosed with laryngeal cancer is increasing. The cancerogenic potential of alcohol is enhanced by tobacco use. Laryngeal cancer is the most common head and neck malignancy. The aim of this paper was to investigate characteristics of local and regional spread of laryngeal cancer with regard to the sex of the patients. The subjects of this research were patients of the ENT Clinic, Clinical Center Niš. Prospective investigation included 61 patients with the local and regional spread of laryngeal cancer diagnosed and treated at Clinic during the period 2014-2016. It was found that 61 persons were diagnosed with laryngeal cancer, of which 54 (88.5%) were male and 7 (11.6%) female. The largest number of participants were diagnosed with N0 stage of the regional metastases. The largest number of male participants were in T2 and T3 stage of the local tumor spread. The largest number of women were found to be in T1 stage of the local tumor spread. Statistically significant difference in the the local spread of the tumor with regard to the sex was found (χ2 = 33.07, p <0.001). Further analysis revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between stages T1 and T1a (χ2 = 12.06, p = 0.0005), T1 and T1b (χ2 = 9.59, p = 0.0001), T1 and T2 (χ2 = 18.64; p < 0.0001), T1 and T3 (χ2 = 17.15, p = 0.00003), and T1 i T4 stages (χ2 = 9,59 p =0.011). The largest number of male participants were diagnosed with S2 and S3 stages, whereas the female population was mostly in S2 stage of the disease and statistically significant difference in the stages of laryngeal cancer with regard to the sex of the patients was not found (χ2 = 8.79, p = 0.359). There was predominance of the male patients with laryngeal carcinoma with significantly higher tumor grade compared to females. The significant difference in the stages of laryngeal cancer with regard to the sex of the patients was not found. Acta Medica Medianae 2017;56(3):12-16. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]