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Aims/Purpose: To investigate the size and shape of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) after successful macula‐off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair using swept source OCT angiography (SS OCTA). Methods: A prospective comparative cross‐sectional study including 21 eyes of 21 patients with macula‐off RRD that were successfully repaired. The size of the superficial FAZ was assessed by its area, length of perimeter, and Feret's diameter, and the shape by the circularity, axial ratio, roundness and solidity. The correlations between each parameter and the clinical and OCT findings were statistically determined. The unaffected fellow eyes were used as controls. Results: The mean initial BCVA was 1.92 ± 0.41 Log MAR (20/2000 Snellen's equivalent). The mean BCVA at OCTA acquisition (3 months) was 0.78 ± 0.39 Log MAR (20/100 Snellen's equivalent) (p < 0.001). FAZ was significantly larger (323.09 ± 129.03 μm2 vs. 245.27 ± 93.15 μm2; p = 0.038), with longer perimeter (2.31 ± 0.35 mm vs. 2.07 ± 0.31 mm; p = 0.048), and irregular shaped (mean circularity: 0.73 ± 0.72 vs. 0.78 ± 0.5; p = 0.019 and mean solidity: 0.90 ± 0.02 vs. 0.93 ± 0.02; p = 0.002) in operated eyes than in the control group. The average Feret's diameter was 0.77 ± 0.10 mm versus 0.71 ± 0.88 mm (p = 0.076). The average axial ratio was 1.25 ± 0.20 versus 1.22 ± 0.22 (p = 0.531), and the average roundness was 0.81 ± 0.11 versus 0.83 ± 0.11 (p = 0.531). Mean central foveal thickness (CFT) was significantly lower in operated eyes than in control eyes (178.23 ± 40.59 μm vs. 247.44 ± 38.2 μm (p < 0.001)). There was a significant inverse correlation between FAZ area and post‐operative outer nuclear layer thickness (r = −0.520, p = 0.016) and CFT (r = −0.571, p = 0.007) in operated eyes. There was no significant correlation between the post‐operative visual acuity and FAZ parameters. Conclusions: Enlargement and irregularities of FAZ after successful macula‐off RRD repair, as demonstrated by SS OCTA, might suggest an ischaemic macular damage caused by RRD that may affect post‐operative functional outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe clinical features and multimodal imaging findings in primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL). Methods: Medical records and imaging findings of 4 patients (4 eyes) diagnosed with PVRL were retrospectively reviewed. Detailed ophthalmic examination, fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FA), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) were analysed in all patients. All patients underwent vitreous biopsy for diagnosis confirmation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in all cases. Results: There were 2 women and 2 male patients with a mean age of 68.75 years. Visual blurring was the presenting symptom in all patients (100%). Clinical findings at presentation included vitritis in 4 eyes (100%), vitreous clumps in 2 eyes (50%), subretinal deposits in 3 eyes (75%) and exudative retinal detachment in one eye (25%). FAF showed granular hyperautofluorescence and hypoautofluorescence lesions in 3 eyes (75%) and blockage by mass lesion was seen in 1 eye. The most common pattern on FA was hypofluorescent lesions with a "leopard spot" appearance (75%). OCT revealed hyperreflective sub retinal lesions between retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch's membrane with an undulating shape (seasick sign) in 3 eyes (75%) and epiretinal membrane in one eye. OCTA showed areas of decreased signal on choriocapillaris slab in 2 eyes (50%). MRI of the globes and brain showed no abnormality in all cases. Vitreous cytology revealed atypical mononuclear cells consisting with the diagnosis of PVRL in all cases. The patients were referred to oncology unit. Conclusions: The diagnosis of PVRL is challenging. Multimodal imaging provides novel insights into features of PVRL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in eyes with active and scarred toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Methods: OCTA scans in active (25 eyes) and scarred (17 eyes) retinochoroiditis were retrospectively reviewed at Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. Results: In active lesions, OCTA findings included a non‐detectable flow signal area in retinal vascular plexuses and choriocapillaris in all 25 eyes (100%), an abnormal intraretinal vascular process in two eyes (8%), and an associated area of retinal flow deficit secondary to branch retinal artery occlusion in one eye (4%). In scarred lesions, OCTA findings included a flow deficit area in retinal vascular plexuses and choriocapillaris in all 17 eyes (100%), a visibility of larger deeper choroidal vessels at the level of choriocapillaris in nine eyes (53%), and a well‐defined intraretinal vascular network in one eye (5.9%). Peripapillary scars were associated on OCTA with wedge‐shaped loss of radial peripapillary capillaries with corresponding localized retinal nerve fibre layer defect and visual field loss. Conclusions: OCTA allows to non‐invasively detect retinal and choroidal vascular changes in active and scarred toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. References 1. Perez AL, Lozada RA, Emanuelli A, Oliver AL. Optical coherence tomography angiography findings in macular toxoplasma retinochoroiditis: A case report. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2020;19:100764. 2. Atas F, Kaya M, Toprak T, Akbulut Yagci B, Selver A, Saatci AO. Measurement of the active toxoplasma retinochoroiditis lesion size during the disease course with swept‐source optical coherence tomography angiography: A retrospective image analysis. Int Ophthalmol. 2021;41(12):4127–4135. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]