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Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the gap junction protein beta-2 gene (GJB2) p.R32C and p.L79Cfs*3 variants are associated to a consanguineous family with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL). The p.R32C variant is found for the first time in the NSHL patients of Han Chinese origin. The finding sheds new light on the accurate genetic diagnosis and counseling for the family.Objective: ARNSHL is a highly heterogeneous genetic disease. ARNSHL usually displays non-progressive congenital or pre-lingual deafness. In this study, the aim is to detect the disease-causing mutation(s) in a Han family with ARNSHL.Methods: A consanguineous Han family with ARNSHL was enrolled. Two hundred ethnicity-matched unrelated subjects without any hearing impairments were used as normal controls. Exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were applied to identify the causative mutation in the ARNSHL family.Results: Compound heterozygous variants c.94C > T (p.R32C) and c.235delC (p.L79Cfs*3) in theGJB2gene were identified in the two patients of the ARNSHL family, and the heterozygousGJB2c.94C > T and c.235delC variants were identified in his unaffected father and mother, respectively. The two variants in theGJB2gene were absent in the 200 unrelated controls. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]