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Aim: An individual with a blood–injection–injury (BII) phobia often avoids exposure to triggers, such as blood tests and clinic appointments, leading to potentially serious health complications. This population‐based study examined the prevalence, stability and course of BII phobia in children and adolescents. Methods: The data came from the Trondheim Early Secure Study, conducted from 2007 to 2018. All children born in Trondheim, Norway, in 2003 and 2004 were invited to attend. Clinical interviews were conducted by trained personnel to assess BII phobia in 1042 children (51% female) every 2 years from 4 to 14 years of age. Latent growth curves and logistic regression analyses were used in the data analysis. Results: Just under 20% of the cohort experienced a BII phobia at least once, with no significant sex differences. The prevalence of BII phobias increased from 3% at 4 years of age and peaked at about 8% at 10 years of age, before levelling off. The two‐year stability increased as 12–14 years of age approached. Conclusion: The prevalence of BII was affected by age, but not sex. Early BII phobias often recede with time, but children may need treatment if they persist from 8 years of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate oral health outcomes and early oral health promotion of children in a Swedish, parental support programme conducted in a collaboration between Child Health Services and Social Services. Methods: The intervention offered first‐time parents six home visits from a paediatric nurse and a parental advisor with Social Services. On the fourth visit (infant age 6‐8 months), parents received a toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste from non‐dental staff. Twice, at child ages 18 and 36 months, a dentist used the International Caries Detection and Assessment System to record caries and conducted a structured interview with the parents on oral health habits. The intervention group (n = 72) was compared to a reference group (n = 100) from the standard child healthcare programme, which included one home visit. Results: Significantly, caries prevalence was lower and tooth brushing habits more consistent in the intervention group compared to the reference group in the standard child health programme. The difference was most pronounced at 18 months and had decreased at the 36‐month follow‐up. Conclusion: The extended postnatal home visiting programme had a positive impact on oral health. Early oral health promotion delivered by non‐dental professionals could be a beneficial approach to early caries prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]