Search

A retrospective multicentre study conducted in Italy analyzed hospitalization trends for bronchiolitis in infants between October 2019 and March 2023. The study found that bronchiolitis cases, particularly those caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), experienced a significant reduction during the 2020-2021 winter due to preventive measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, subsequent winters saw a notable and sustained increase in bronchiolitis hospitalizations, with the 2022-2023 winter period experiencing a 47% higher rate compared to the pre-pandemic winter of 2019-2020. The changing seasonality of bronchiolitis, including altered patterns of RSV circulation, poses challenges for disease control strategies and immunoprophylaxis measures. Further research is needed to monitor the epidemiology of bronchiolitis and inform public health interventions. [Extracted from the article]

Aim: The aim of this narrative review was to provide a comprehensive summary of the characteristics of gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in the most common paediatric primary vasculitides.Methods: We used PubMed to primarily identify papers, reviews, case series and editorials published in English from 2000 until 31 January 2020. Based on this, we report the prevalence, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches and management of GI involvement in each vasculitis.Results: Vasculitides are inflammatory blood vessel diseases, and the majority can affect the GI system with vascular, GI tract or solid organ involvement. GI involvement can sometimes complicate and delay the correct diagnosis. Clinical findings are usually nonspecific symptoms, such as fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Bleeding should alert paediatricians to the possibility of severe complicated vasculitis. Diagnosis relies mostly on imaging. If it goes unrecognised, GI involvement in paediatric vasculitis is a serious cause of morbidity and even mortality, related to bowel ischaemia and perforation. Treatment of GI symptoms depends on the type of vasculitis and usually involves high-dose steroids and immunosuppressants.Conclusion: GI manifestations in the most common paediatric primary vasculitides were usually nonspecific, diagnosis mostly relied on imaging, and treatment usually involved high-dose corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 3-year-old girl with bleeding and diagnosed with lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (LAHS) and coeliac disease (CD). Physical examination was normal which showed only diffuse multiple subcutaneous haematomas. The article discusses LAHS characterized by the presence of low prothrombin activity (PA). Clinicians should keep in mind that LA is associated with bleeding and the possibility of association between CD and LA which is rare in children.