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This article considers the socio-cultural problems of Venezuela, and by extension of Hispanic America, regarding the unfinished historical process of building cultural identities beyond European determinisms, mythical legends or utopias about the American being. We will address the singularity of Latin American literature, in its representation of the place of American speech, in relation with the overlap between Literature and History. We will draw from theoretical-critical contributions by Picón Salas, Fernández Retamar, Lezama Lima and Cornejo Polar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]