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The presented work investigates the degradation of an ecological energy carrier in the form of changes in its properties, which was subjected to dynamic loading through a test device in laboratory conditions. The primary goal was to describe the degradation process itself in terms of obtained data through the analysis of kinematic viscosity, water content, acidity number, and X-ray spectrometry. The process was focused on monitoring the values of increase in contaminants and monitoring the values of changes that occurred in case of additives. The ecological energy carrier in the form of transmission-hydraulic fluid was cyclically loaded in a time interval of 200 working hours, while a time interval of every 25 working hours was used when a sample was taken and subsequently analysed. From the obtained data, it can be concluded that during the degradation process, there were no significant changes in the observed properties of the liquid, chemical composition, or additives. For this reason, further measurements of the ecological energy carrier were subsequently carried out. The influence of the given energy carrier on the change in the flow rate of a new type of hydraulic pump with external gearing was also monitored.

This paper is focused on the impacts of the biodegradable hydraulic and transmission fluid (Universal Tractor Transmission Oil) on operation of tractor hydraulic and transmission systems. The fluid was used in the hydraulic and transmission systems of a Zetor Proxima 6321 tractor. Fluid samples were taken from the Zetor Proxima 6321 tractor at intervals of 250 engine hours. These samples were subjected to an infrared spectroscopy analysis in order to measure the total acid number and perform the ferrography analysis. This paper proves minimal impacts of the biodegradable hydraulic fluid on operation of the Zetor Proxima 6321 tractor. The biodegradable fluid meets the requirements for the operation of agricultural tractors in terms of low impacts on the wear of hydraulic components.