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The article deals with the issue of adversarialism in relation to Czech criminal proceedings. Although it is a frequently mentioned aspect of the criminal process, adversarialism has not yet been established in Czech criminal law scholarship in the broader professional discourse. Legal practice also treats this concept rather restrainedly and selects certain partial aspects of this problem. In the Czech environment, therefore, one cannot yet speak of a doctrine of adversarialism. It is questionable whether the new Criminal Procedure Code, if adopted, could change this, since it explicitly mentions adversarialism. The author is of the opinion that adversarialism is an immanent part of every criminal process, especially criminal proceedings before the court. He considers adversarialism to be a principle which he elaborates in a broader context than is usually stated. He sees the essence of adversarialism in the legitimate clash of allegations and legal opinions, not merely in the right to be informed of the substance of one's accusation and the right to comment on such an accusation. He considers the audiatur et altera pars rule to be the very minimum and unbreakable guarantee of an adversarial finding of law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criminal Liability of Legal Persons for Money Laundering The contribution develops general knowledge with regard to the issue of criminal liability of legal persons as a whole, specifically in relation to the crimes of legalization of proceeds of criminal activities and legalization of proceeds of criminal activities by negligence that are designated as the crime of moneylaundering and moneylaundering by negligence in this article. The author examines step-by-step all the elements of the crime of moneylaundering, he focuses chiefly on the so-called originary parts of that elements (the so-called originary part of subjective and objective element of a crime of legal person). From the point of view of the question of eventual exculpation from criminal liability, he presents some specific steps that should be taken by legal persons in the course of their compliance systems. The author follows and develops his opinions regarding a complexity of "legal objects" (protected values) of that crime and is rather of the view that the most important primary object is a value consisting in the administration of justice; economic interests on purity of economic relations come only after that. Also, he firmly holds the position that a prosecution of the so-called selfmoneylaundering is not correct, although the all-European tendency is undoubtedly against this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with still hot topic of infringement of copyright law and its consequences in criminal law. International and European Union sources of copyright law and the current criminal legislation with a focus on the crime of copyright infringement are stated in the article which also follows up the penalties that can be imposed because of criminal infringement of copyright. It also includes relation to the criminal corporate liability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]