In this paper, the species concept within genus Elaphrothrips is discussed, as well as problems of taxonomic criteria related to this group. In addition, the morphological variations and the characteristics of the species groups that occur in the genus, are also discussed. Furthermore, specimens of Elaphrothrips sampled in Costa Rica which belong to the collection of the Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt, Germany, were studied and three new species were found and described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]