1. Mapping cortical and subcortical asymmetries in substance dependence: Findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group
- Author
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Cao, Zhipeng, Ottino‐Gonzalez, Jonatan, Cupertino, Renata B, Schwab, Nathan, Hoke, Colin, Catherine, Orr, Cousijn, Janna, Dagher, Alain, Foxe, John J, Goudriaan, Anna E, Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Li, Chiang‐Shan R, London, Edythe D, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Martin‐Santos, Rocio, Momenan, Reza, Paulus, Martin P, Schmaal, Lianne, Sinha, Rajita, Sjoerds, Zsuzsika, Solowij, Nadia, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Elliot A, Uhlmann, Anne, Holst, Ruth J, Veltman, Dick J, Wiers, Reinout W, Yücel, Murat, Zhang, Sheng, Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul M, Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, and Garavan, Hugh
- Subjects
Biological Psychology ,Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Psychology ,Substance Misuse ,Drug Abuse (NIDA only) ,Neurosciences ,Brain Disorders ,Mental health ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adult ,Alcoholism ,Behavior ,Addictive ,Brain ,Brain Cortical Thickness ,Cerebellar Cortex ,Female ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Neuroimaging ,Nucleus Accumbens ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Tobacco Use Disorder ,Young Adult ,brain asymmetry ,mega-analysis ,substance dependence ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Substance Abuse ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
Brain asymmetry reflects left-right hemispheric differentiation, which is a quantitative brain phenotype that develops with age and can vary with psychiatric diagnoses. Previous studies have shown that substance dependence is associated with altered brain structure and function. However, it is unknown whether structural brain asymmetries are different in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent participants. Here, a mega-analysis was performed using a collection of 22 structural brain MRI datasets from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Structural asymmetries of cortical and subcortical regions were compared between individuals who were dependent on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis (n = 1,796) and nondependent participants (n = 996). Substance-general and substance-specific effects on structural asymmetry were examined using separate models. We found that substance dependence was significantly associated with differences in volume asymmetry of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc; less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.15). This effect was driven by differences from controls in individuals with alcohol dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.10) and nicotine dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.11). These findings suggest that disrupted structural asymmetry in the NAcc may be a characteristic of substance dependence.
- Published
- 2021