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7. Shared genetic risk between eating disorder‐ and substance‐use‐related phenotypes: Evidence from genome‐wide association studies

Author

Munn‐Chernoff, Melissa A., primary, Johnson, Emma C., additional, Chou, Yi‐Ling, additional, Coleman, Jonathan R.I., additional, Thornton, Laura M., additional, Walters, Raymond K., additional, Yilmaz, Zeynep, additional, Baker, Jessica H., additional, Hübel, Christopher, additional, Gordon, Scott, additional, Medland, Sarah E., additional, Watson, Hunna J., additional, Gaspar, Héléna A., additional, Bryois, Julien, additional, Hinney, Anke, additional, Leppä, Virpi M., additional, Mattheisen, Manuel, additional, Ripke, Stephan, additional, Yao, Shuyang, additional, Giusti‐Rodríguez, Paola, additional, Hanscombe, Ken B., additional, Adan, Roger A.H., additional, Alfredsson, Lars, additional, Ando, Tetsuya, additional, Andreassen, Ole A., additional, Berrettini, Wade H., additional, Boehm, Ilka, additional, Boni, Claudette, additional, Boraska Perica, Vesna, additional, Buehren, Katharina, additional, Burghardt, Roland, additional, Cassina, Matteo, additional, Cichon, Sven, additional, Clementi, Maurizio, additional, Cone, Roger D., additional, Courtet, Philippe, additional, Crow, Scott, additional, Crowley, James J., additional, Danner, Unna N., additional, Davis, Oliver S.P., additional, de Zwaan, Martina, additional, Dedoussis, George, additional, Degortes, Daniela, additional, DeSocio, Janiece E., additional, Dick, Danielle M., additional, Dikeos, Dimitris, additional, Dina, Christian, additional, Dmitrzak‐Weglarz, Monika, additional, Docampo, Elisa, additional, Duncan, Laramie E., additional, Egberts, Karin, additional, Ehrlich, Stefan, additional, Escaramís, Geòrgia, additional, Esko, Tõnu, additional, Estivill, Xavier, additional, Farmer, Anne, additional, Favaro, Angela, additional, Fernández‐Aranda, Fernando, additional, Fichter, Manfred M., additional, Fischer, Krista, additional, Föcker, Manuel, additional, Foretova, Lenka, additional, Forstner, Andreas J., additional, Forzan, Monica, additional, Franklin, Christopher S., additional, Gallinger, Steven, additional, Giegling, Ina, additional, Giuranna, Johanna, additional, Gonidakis, Fragiskos, additional, Gorwood, Philip, additional, Gratacos Mayora, Monica, additional, Guillaume, Sébastien, additional, Guo, Yiran, additional, Hakonarson, Hakon, additional, Hatzikotoulas, Konstantinos, additional, Hauser, Joanna, additional, Hebebrand, Johannes, additional, Helder, Sietske G., additional, Herms, Stefan, additional, Herpertz‐Dahlmann, Beate, additional, Herzog, Wolfgang, additional, Huckins, Laura M., additional, Hudson, James I., additional, Imgart, Hartmut, additional, Inoko, Hidetoshi, additional, Janout, Vladimir, additional, Jiménez‐Murcia, Susana, additional, Julià, Antonio, additional, Kalsi, Gursharan, additional, Kaminská, Deborah, additional, Karhunen, Leila, additional, Karwautz, Andreas, additional, Kas, Martien J.H., additional, Kennedy, James L., additional, Keski‐Rahkonen, Anna, additional, Kiezebrink, Kirsty, additional, Kim, Youl‐Ri, additional, Klump, Kelly L., additional, Knudsen, Gun Peggy S., additional, La Via, Maria C., additional, Le Hellard, Stephanie, additional, Levitan, Robert D., additional, Li, Dong, additional, Lilenfeld, Lisa, additional, Lin, Bochao Danae, additional, Lissowska, Jolanta, additional, Luykx, Jurjen, additional, Magistretti, Pierre J., additional, Maj, Mario, additional, Mannik, Katrin, additional, Marsal, Sara, additional, Marshall, Christian R., additional, Mattingsdal, Morten, additional, McDevitt, Sara, additional, McGuffin, Peter, additional, Metspalu, Andres, additional, Meulenbelt, Ingrid, additional, Micali, Nadia, additional, Mitchell, Karen, additional, Monteleone, Alessio Maria, additional, Monteleone, Palmiero, additional, Nacmias, Benedetta, additional, Navratilova, Marie, additional, Ntalla, Ioanna, additional, O'Toole, Julie K., additional, Ophoff, Roel A., additional, Padyukov, Leonid, additional, Palotie, Aarno, additional, Pantel, Jacques, additional, Papezova, Hana, additional, Pinto, Dalila, additional, Rabionet, Raquel, additional, Raevuori, Anu, additional, Ramoz, Nicolas, additional, Reichborn‐Kjennerud, Ted, additional, Ricca, Valdo, additional, Ripatti, Samuli, additional, Ritschel, Franziska, additional, Roberts, Marion, additional, Rotondo, Alessandro, additional, Rujescu, Dan, additional, Rybakowski, Filip, additional, Santonastaso, Paolo, additional, Scherag, André, additional, Scherer, Stephen W., additional, Schmidt, Ulrike, additional, Schork, Nicholas J., additional, Schosser, Alexandra, additional, Seitz, Jochen, additional, Slachtova, Lenka, additional, Slagboom, P. Eline, additional, Slof‐Op't Landt, Margarita C.T., additional, Slopien, Agnieszka, additional, Sorbi, Sandro, additional, Świątkowska, Beata, additional, Szatkiewicz, Jin P., additional, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, additional, Tenconi, Elena, additional, Tortorella, Alfonso, additional, Tozzi, Federica, additional, Treasure, Janet, additional, Tsitsika, Artemis, additional, Tyszkiewicz‐Nwafor, Marta, additional, Tziouvas, Konstantinos, additional, van Elburg, Annemarie A., additional, van Furth, Eric F., additional, Wagner, Gudrun, additional, Walton, Esther, additional, Widen, Elisabeth, additional, Zeggini, Eleftheria, additional, Zerwas, Stephanie, additional, Zipfel, Stephan, additional, Bergen, Andrew W., additional, Boden, Joseph M., additional, Brandt, Harry, additional, Crawford, Steven, additional, Halmi, Katherine A., additional, Horwood, L. John, additional, Johnson, Craig, additional, Kaplan, Allan S., additional, Kaye, Walter H., additional, Mitchell, James, additional, Olsen, Catherine M., additional, Pearson, John F., additional, Pedersen, Nancy L., additional, Strober, Michael, additional, Werge, Thomas, additional, Whiteman, David C., additional, Woodside, D. Blake, additional, Grove, Jakob, additional, Henders, Anjali K., additional, Larsen, Janne T., additional, Parker, Richard, additional, Petersen, Liselotte V., additional, Jordan, Jennifer, additional, Kennedy, Martin A., additional, Birgegård, Andreas, additional, Lichtenstein, Paul, additional, Norring, Claes, additional, Landén, Mikael, additional, Mortensen, Preben Bo, additional, Polimanti, Renato, additional, McClintick, Jeanette N., additional, Adkins, Amy E., additional, Aliev, Fazil, additional, Bacanu, Silviu‐Alin, additional, Batzler, Anthony, additional, Bertelsen, Sarah, additional, Biernacka, Joanna M., additional, Bigdeli, Tim B., additional, Chen, Li‐Shiun, additional, Clarke, Toni‐Kim, additional, Degenhardt, Franziska, additional, Docherty, Anna R., additional, Edwards, Alexis C., additional, Foo, Jerome C., additional, Fox, Louis, additional, Frank, Josef, additional, Hack, Laura M., additional, Hartmann, Annette M., additional, Hartz, Sarah M., additional, Heilmann‐Heimbach, Stefanie, additional, Hodgkinson, Colin, additional, Hoffmann, Per, additional, Hottenga, Jouke‐Jan, additional, Konte, Bettina, additional, Lahti, Jari, additional, Lahti‐Pulkkinen, Marius, additional, Lai, Dongbing, additional, Ligthart, Lannie, additional, Loukola, Anu, additional, Maher, Brion S., additional, Mbarek, Hamdi, additional, McIntosh, Andrew M., additional, McQueen, Matthew B., additional, Meyers, Jacquelyn L., additional, Milaneschi, Yuri, additional, Palviainen, Teemu, additional, Peterson, Roseann E., additional, Ryu, Euijung, additional, Saccone, Nancy L., additional, Salvatore, Jessica E., additional, Sanchez‐Roige, Sandra, additional, Schwandt, Melanie, additional, Sherva, Richard, additional, Streit, Fabian, additional, Strohmaier, Jana, additional, Thomas, Nathaniel, additional, Wang, Jen‐Chyong, additional, Webb, Bradley T., additional, Wedow, Robbee, additional, Wetherill, Leah, additional, Wills, Amanda G., additional, Zhou, Hang, additional, Boardman, Jason D., additional, Chen, Danfeng, additional, Choi, Doo‐Sup, additional, Copeland, William E., additional, Culverhouse, Robert C., additional, Dahmen, Norbert, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Domingue, Benjamin W., additional, Frye, Mark A., additional, Gäebel, Wolfgang, additional, Hayward, Caroline, additional, Ising, Marcus, additional, Keyes, Margaret, additional, Kiefer, Falk, additional, Koller, Gabriele, additional, Kramer, John, additional, Kuperman, Samuel, additional, Lucae, Susanne, additional, Lynskey, Michael T., additional, Maier, Wolfgang, additional, Mann, Karl, additional, Männistö, Satu, additional, Müller‐Myhsok, Bertram, additional, Murray, Alison D., additional, Nurnberger, John I., additional, Preuss, Ulrich, additional, Räikkönen, Katri, additional, Reynolds, Maureen D., additional, Ridinger, Monika, additional, Scherbaum, Norbert, additional, Schuckit, Marc A., additional, Soyka, Michael, additional, Treutlein, Jens, additional, Witt, Stephanie H., additional, Wodarz, Norbert, additional, Zill, Peter, additional, Adkins, Daniel E., additional, Boomsma, Dorret I., additional, Bierut, Laura J., additional, Brown, Sandra A., additional, Bucholz, Kathleen K., additional, Costello, E. Jane, additional, de Wit, Harriet, additional, Diazgranados, Nancy, additional, Eriksson, Johan G., additional, Farrer, Lindsay A., additional, Foroud, Tatiana M., additional, Gillespie, Nathan A., additional, Goate, Alison M., additional, Goldman, David, additional, Grucza, Richard A., additional, Hancock, Dana B., additional, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, additional, Hesselbrock, Victor, additional, Hewitt, John K., additional, Hopfer, Christian J., additional, Iacono, William G., additional, Johnson, Eric O., additional, Karpyak, Victor M., additional, Kendler, Kenneth S., additional, Kranzler, Henry R., additional, Krauter, Kenneth, additional, Lind, Penelope A., additional, McGue, Matt, additional, MacKillop, James, additional, Madden, Pamela A.F., additional, Maes, Hermine H., additional, Magnusson, Patrik K.E., additional, Nelson, Elliot C., additional, Nöthen, Markus M., additional, Palmer, Abraham A., additional, Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., additional, Porjesz, Bernice, additional, Rice, John P., additional, Rietschel, Marcella, additional, Riley, Brien P., additional, Rose, Richard J., additional, Shen, Pei‐Hong, additional, Silberg, Judy, additional, Stallings, Michael C., additional, Tarter, Ralph E., additional, Vanyukov, Michael M., additional, Vrieze, Scott, additional, Wall, Tamara L., additional, Whitfield, John B., additional, Zhao, Hongyu, additional, Neale, Benjamin M., additional, Wade, Tracey D., additional, Heath, Andrew C., additional, Montgomery, Grant W., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Sullivan, Patrick F., additional, Kaprio, Jaakko, additional, Breen, Gerome, additional, Gelernter, Joel, additional, Edenberg, Howard J., additional, Bulik, Cynthia M., additional, and Agrawal, Arpana, additional

Published
2020
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8. Genome‐wide association study in Finnish twins highlights the connection between nicotine addiction and neurotrophin signaling pathway

Author

Hällfors, Jenni, primary, Palviainen, Teemu, additional, Surakka, Ida, additional, Gupta, Richa, additional, Buchwald, Jadwiga, additional, Raevuori, Anu, additional, Ripatti, Samuli, additional, Korhonen, Tellervo, additional, Jousilahti, Pekka, additional, Madden, Pamela A.F., additional, Kaprio, Jaakko, additional, and Loukola, Anu, additional

Published
2018
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9. Genome-wide association study in Finnish twins highlights the connection between nicotine addiction and neurotrophin signaling pathway.

Author

Hällfors, Jenni, Palviainen, Teemu, Surakka, Ida, Gupta, Richa, Buchwald, Jadwiga, Raevuori, Anu, Ripatti, Samuli, Korhonen, Tellervo, Jousilahti, Pekka, Madden, Pamela A.F., Kaprio, Jaakko, and Loukola, Anu

Subjects
NICOTINE addiction, CIGARETTE smoke, TWINS, GENE expression, TRANSCRIPTION factors, DRUG withdrawal symptoms
Abstract

The heritability of nicotine dependence based on family studies is substantial. Nevertheless, knowledge of the underlying genetic architecture remains meager. Our aim was to identify novel genetic variants responsible for interindividual differences in smoking behavior. We performed a genome-wide association study on 1715 ever smokers ascertained from the population-based Finnish Twin Cohort enriched for heavy smoking. Data imputation used the 1000 Genomes Phase I reference panel together with a whole genome sequence-based Finnish reference panel. We analyzed three measures of nicotine addiction-smoking quantity, nicotine dependence and nicotine withdrawal. We annotated all genome-wide significant SNPs for their functional potential. First, we detected genome-wide significant association on 16p12 with smoking quantity (P = 8.5 × 10-9 ), near CLEC19A. The lead-SNP stands 22 kb from a binding site for NF-κB transcription factors, which play a role in the neurotrophin signaling pathway. However, the signal was not replicated in an independent Finnish population-based sample, FINRISK (n = 6763). Second, nicotine withdrawal showed association on 2q21 in an intron of TMEM163 (P = 2.1 × 10-9 ), and on 11p15 (P = 6.6 × 10-8 ) in an intron of AP2A2, and P = 4.2 × 10-7 for a missense variant in MUC6, both involved in the neurotrophin signaling pathway). Third, association was detected on 3p22.3 for maximum number of cigarettes smoked per day (P = 3.1 × 10-8 ) near STAC. Associating CLEC19A and TMEM163 SNPs were annotated to influence gene expression or methylation. The neurotrophin signaling pathway has previously been associated with smoking behavior. Our findings further support the role in nicotine addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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10. PTSD risk associated with a functionalDRD2polymorphism in heroin-dependent cases and controls is limited to amphetamine-dependent individuals

Author

Nelson, Elliot C., primary, Heath, Andrew C., additional, Lynskey, Michael T., additional, Agrawal, Arpana, additional, Henders, Anjali K., additional, Bowdler, Lisa M., additional, Todorov, Alexandre A., additional, Madden, Pamela A. F., additional, Moore, Elizabeth, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, and Montgomery, Grant W., additional

Published
2013
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11. The genetic aetiology of cannabis use initiation: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies and a SNP-based heritability estimation

Author

Verweij, Karin J. H., primary, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., additional, Benyamin, Beben, additional, Lynskey, Michael T., additional, Quaye, Lydia, additional, Agrawal, Arpana, additional, Gordon, Scott D., additional, Montgomery, Grant W., additional, Madden, Pamela A. F., additional, Heath, Andrew C., additional, Spector, Timothy D., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, and Medland, Sarah E., additional

Published
2012
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13. Association ofOPRD1polymorphisms with heroin dependence in a large case-control series

Author

Nelson, Elliot C., primary, Lynskey, Michael T., additional, Heath, Andrew C., additional, Wray, Naomi, additional, Agrawal, Arpana, additional, Shand, Fiona L., additional, Henders, Anjali K., additional, Wallace, Leanne, additional, Todorov, Alexandre A., additional, Schrage, Andrew J., additional, Madden, Pamela A. F., additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, and Montgomery, Grant W., additional

Published
2012
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16. H2 haplotype at chromosome 17q21.31 protects against childhood sexual abuse-associated risk for alcohol consumption and dependence

Author

Nelson, Elliot C., primary, Agrawal, Arpana, additional, Pergadia, Michele L., additional, Wang, Jen C., additional, Whitfield, John B., additional, Saccone, F. Scott, additional, Kern, Jason, additional, Grant, Julia D., additional, Schrage, Andrew J., additional, Rice, John P., additional, Montgomery, Grant W., additional, Heath, Andrew C., additional, Goate, Alison M., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, and Madden, Pamela A. F., additional

Published
2010
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17. Shared genetic risk between eating disorder- and substance-use-related phenotypes: Evidence from genome-wide association studies.

Author

Munn-Chernoff MA, Johnson EC, Chou YL, Coleman JRI, Thornton LM, Walters RK, Yilmaz Z, Baker JH, Hübel C, Gordon S, Medland SE, Watson HJ, Gaspar HA, Bryois J, Hinney A, Leppä VM, Mattheisen M, Ripke S, Yao S, Giusti-Rodríguez P, Hanscombe KB, Adan RAH, Alfredsson L, Ando T, Andreassen OA, Berrettini WH, Boehm I, Boni C, Boraska Perica V, Buehren K, Burghardt R, Cassina M, Cichon S, Clementi M, Cone RD, Courtet P, Crow S, Crowley JJ, Danner UN, Davis OSP, de Zwaan M, Dedoussis G, Degortes D, DeSocio JE, Dick DM, Dikeos D, Dina C, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Docampo E, Duncan LE, Egberts K, Ehrlich S, Escaramís G, Esko T, Estivill X, Farmer A, Favaro A, Fernández-Aranda F, Fichter MM, Fischer K, Föcker M, Foretova L, Forstner AJ, Forzan M, Franklin CS, Gallinger S, Giegling I, Giuranna J, Gonidakis F, Gorwood P, Gratacos Mayora M, Guillaume S, Guo Y, Hakonarson H, Hatzikotoulas K, Hauser J, Hebebrand J, Helder SG, Herms S, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Herzog W, Huckins LM, Hudson JI, Imgart H, Inoko H, Janout V, Jiménez-Murcia S, Julià A, Kalsi G, Kaminská D, Karhunen L, Karwautz A, Kas MJH, Kennedy JL, Keski-Rahkonen A, Kiezebrink K, Kim YR, Klump KL, Knudsen GPS, La Via MC, Le Hellard S, Levitan RD, Li D, Lilenfeld L, Lin BD, Lissowska J, Luykx J, Magistretti PJ, Maj M, Mannik K, Marsal S, Marshall CR, Mattingsdal M, McDevitt S, McGuffin P, Metspalu A, Meulenbelt I, Micali N, Mitchell K, Monteleone AM, Monteleone P, Nacmias B, Navratilova M, Ntalla I, O'Toole JK, Ophoff RA, Padyukov L, Palotie A, Pantel J, Papezova H, Pinto D, Rabionet R, Raevuori A, Ramoz N, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Ricca V, Ripatti S, Ritschel F, Roberts M, Rotondo A, Rujescu D, Rybakowski F, Santonastaso P, Scherag A, Scherer SW, Schmidt U, Schork NJ, Schosser A, Seitz J, Slachtova L, Slagboom PE, Slof-Op't Landt MCT, Slopien A, Sorbi S, Świątkowska B, Szatkiewicz JP, Tachmazidou I, Tenconi E, Tortorella A, Tozzi F, Treasure J, Tsitsika A, Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor M, Tziouvas K, van Elburg AA, van Furth EF, Wagner G, Walton E, Widen E, Zeggini E, Zerwas S, Zipfel S, Bergen AW, Boden JM, Brandt H, Crawford S, Halmi KA, Horwood LJ, Johnson C, Kaplan AS, Kaye WH, Mitchell J, Olsen CM, Pearson JF, Pedersen NL, Strober M, Werge T, Whiteman DC, Woodside DB, Grove J, Henders AK, Larsen JT, Parker R, Petersen LV, Jordan J, Kennedy MA, Birgegård A, Lichtenstein P, Norring C, Landén M, Mortensen PB, Polimanti R, McClintick JN, Adkins AE, Aliev F, Bacanu SA, Batzler A, Bertelsen S, Biernacka JM, Bigdeli TB, Chen LS, Clarke TK, Degenhardt F, Docherty AR, Edwards AC, Foo JC, Fox L, Frank J, Hack LM, Hartmann AM, Hartz SM, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Hodgkinson C, Hoffmann P, Hottenga JJ, Konte B, Lahti J, Lahti-Pulkkinen M, Lai D, Ligthart L, Loukola A, Maher BS, Mbarek H, McIntosh AM, McQueen MB, Meyers JL, Milaneschi Y, Palviainen T, Peterson RE, Ryu E, Saccone NL, Salvatore JE, Sanchez-Roige S, Schwandt M, Sherva R, Streit F, Strohmaier J, Thomas N, Wang JC, Webb BT, Wedow R, Wetherill L, Wills AG, Zhou H, Boardman JD, Chen D, Choi DS, Copeland WE, Culverhouse RC, Dahmen N, Degenhardt L, Domingue BW, Frye MA, Gäebel W, Hayward C, Ising M, Keyes M, Kiefer F, Koller G, Kramer J, Kuperman S, Lucae S, Lynskey MT, Maier W, Mann K, Männistö S, Müller-Myhsok B, Murray AD, Nurnberger JI, Preuss U, Räikkönen K, Reynolds MD, Ridinger M, Scherbaum N, Schuckit MA, Soyka M, Treutlein J, Witt SH, Wodarz N, Zill P, Adkins DE, Boomsma DI, Bierut LJ, Brown SA, Bucholz KK, Costello EJ, de Wit H, Diazgranados N, Eriksson JG, Farrer LA, Foroud TM, Gillespie NA, Goate AM, Goldman D, Grucza RA, Hancock DB, Harris KM, Hesselbrock V, Hewitt JK, Hopfer CJ, Iacono WG, Johnson EO, Karpyak VM, Kendler KS, Kranzler HR, Krauter K, Lind PA, McGue M, MacKillop J, Madden PAF, Maes HH, Magnusson PKE, Nelson EC, Nöthen MM, Palmer AA, Penninx BWJH, Porjesz B, Rice JP, Rietschel M, Riley BP, Rose RJ, Shen PH, Silberg J, Stallings MC, Tarter RE, Vanyukov MM, Vrieze S, Wall TL, Whitfield JB, Zhao H, Neale BM, Wade TD, Heath AC, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Sullivan PF, Kaprio J, Breen G, Gelernter J, Edenberg HJ, Bulik CM, and Agrawal A

Subjects
Alcoholism genetics, Depressive Disorder, Major genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia genetics, Tobacco Use Disorder genetics, Feeding and Eating Disorders genetics, Substance-Related Disorders genetics
Abstract

Eating disorders and substance use disorders frequently co-occur. Twin studies reveal shared genetic variance between liabilities to eating disorders and substance use, with the strongest associations between symptoms of bulimia nervosa and problem alcohol use (genetic correlation [r g ], twin-based = 0.23-0.53). We estimated the genetic correlation between eating disorder and substance use and disorder phenotypes using data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Four eating disorder phenotypes (anorexia nervosa [AN], AN with binge eating, AN without binge eating, and a bulimia nervosa factor score), and eight substance-use-related phenotypes (drinks per week, alcohol use disorder [AUD], smoking initiation, current smoking, cigarettes per day, nicotine dependence, cannabis initiation, and cannabis use disorder) from eight studies were included. Significant genetic correlations were adjusted for variants associated with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Total study sample sizes per phenotype ranged from ~2400 to ~537 000 individuals. We used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate single nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic correlations between eating disorder- and substance-use-related phenotypes. Significant positive genetic associations emerged between AUD and AN (r g = 0.18; false discovery rate q = 0.0006), cannabis initiation and AN (r g = 0.23; q < 0.0001), and cannabis initiation and AN with binge eating (r g = 0.27; q = 0.0016). Conversely, significant negative genetic correlations were observed between three nondiagnostic smoking phenotypes (smoking initiation, current smoking, and cigarettes per day) and AN without binge eating (r gs = -0.19 to -0.23; qs < 0.04). The genetic correlation between AUD and AN was no longer significant after co-varying for major depressive disorder loci. The patterns of association between eating disorder- and substance-use-related phenotypes highlights the potentially complex and substance-specific relationships among these behaviors., (© 2020 Society for the Study of Addiction.)

Published
2021
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