1. Mapping cortical and subcortical asymmetries in substance dependence: Findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group.
- Author
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Cao Z, Ottino-Gonzalez J, Cupertino RB, Schwab N, Hoke C, Catherine O, Cousijn J, Dagher A, Foxe JJ, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Hutchison K, Li CR, London ED, Lorenzetti V, Luijten M, Martin-Santos R, Momenan R, Paulus MP, Schmaal L, Sinha R, Sjoerds Z, Solowij N, Stein DJ, Stein EA, Uhlmann A, van Holst RJ, Veltman DJ, Wiers RW, Yücel M, Zhang S, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Conrod P, Mackey S, and Garavan H
- Subjects
- Adult, Alcoholism diagnostic imaging, Behavior, Addictive diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Brain Cortical Thickness, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuroimaging, Nucleus Accumbens pathology, Tobacco Use Disorder diagnostic imaging, Young Adult, Cerebellar Cortex pathology, Substance-Related Disorders diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Brain asymmetry reflects left-right hemispheric differentiation, which is a quantitative brain phenotype that develops with age and can vary with psychiatric diagnoses. Previous studies have shown that substance dependence is associated with altered brain structure and function. However, it is unknown whether structural brain asymmetries are different in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent participants. Here, a mega-analysis was performed using a collection of 22 structural brain MRI datasets from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Structural asymmetries of cortical and subcortical regions were compared between individuals who were dependent on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis (n = 1,796) and nondependent participants (n = 996). Substance-general and substance-specific effects on structural asymmetry were examined using separate models. We found that substance dependence was significantly associated with differences in volume asymmetry of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc; less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.15). This effect was driven by differences from controls in individuals with alcohol dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.10) and nicotine dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.11). These findings suggest that disrupted structural asymmetry in the NAcc may be a characteristic of substance dependence., (© 2021 Society for the Study of Addiction.)
- Published
- 2021
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