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Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a potential technology for harvesting water energy and serving as self‐powered sensors. Among the innovative designs of TENG, a droplet‐based electricity generator (DEG) has achieved high instantaneous power density under droplets impinging. However, the exposed top electrode is usually hydrophilic and subjected to water corrosion. This study reports an electrode‐grounded droplet‐based electricity generator (EG‐DEG) with graphene sheets embedded carbon (GSEC) electrode. Compared with traditional electrodes, the designed device with GSEC electrode exhibits great hydrophobicity, corrosion resistance under droplets impinging and better output performance. The working mechanism of the device is discussed in depth and the performance of EG‐DEG is systematically studied. To demonstrate the robust capability of EG‐DEG as self‐powered sensors, a three‐electrodes mode of EG‐DEG is developed to monitor droplet velocities on different triboelectric surfaces. Furthermore, the EG‐DEG can be assembled in the pipe to acquire the flow rate of fluid according to the frequency of the output signals. An intelligent system is further developed to display the flow rate of the fluid. Therefore, the EG‐DEG device also shows its great application prospects in particles detection and fluid analysis in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface‐independent smart antibacterial coatings with on‐demand antibiotics release profiles have attracted increasing attention in medical instruments, antibiotics delivery platforms, and implanted devices. Although several approaches have been well documented, the facile preparation of antibacterial coatings onto universal substrates with high antibiotics loading efficiencies, tunable drug release profiles, and excellent antibacterial performances is still met with many challenges, especially related to the redundant coating material synthesis and selective substrate fabrication process. To resolve this issue, the authors report a facile and robust fabrication method towards smart antibacterial coating surfaces on various substrates via a one‐pot integration of two types of naturally occurring building blocks, aminoglycosides and protocatechualdehyde in the presence of plant enzyme horseradish peroxidase. The simultaneous dynamic imine bonds formation and enzymatic polymerization within the system during the one‐pot reaction enable the facile fabrication of diverse surface‐independent smart antibacterial coatings, which can demonstrate several promising features including high drug loading and dynamic (i.e., pH‐responsive) properties, tunable and on‐demand antibiotics release behaviors, and efficient antibacterial activities both in vitro and in vivo. This work may offer new opportunities towards the robust and universal antibacterial coating materials by the bioinspired integration of all natural building blocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of flexible electronics has resulted in serious pollution in the form of electronic waste. Accordingly, recyclability is highly desirable for these devices, but this remains a significant challenge. A dynamically hybrid crosslinked polyurethane (FPU) elastomer is designed in this study to address this challenge. Distinctive Diels–Alder adducts with suitable dissociation and reassociation dynamics are designed as crosslinking units to provide an efficient time frame for recycling. FPU is maintained in a state with a low crosslinking density after heating at 120 °C for 5 min. FPU‐based electronics can therefore be dissolved in chloroform under ambient conditions to separate the electronic components and polymers for the refabrication of new electronic devices. This is the first reported thermoset elastomer that can be completely recycled at room temperature without chemical treatment to decompose the polymer chain. The design concept is applied by demonstrating the fabrication by recycling of different FPU‐based flexible electronic devices: position sensor, flexible keyboard, and motion sensor. Furthermore, the FPU has many advantages as a material for flexible electronics in terms of its biomimetic mechanical properties, room‐temperature self‐healing, and facile processability. This study provides promising new design principles to develop materials for promoting sustainable flexible electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is revolutionizing the traditional treatment model of multiple tumor types, but remains ineffective for a large subset of patients. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been shown to induce cancer cell death and provoke an immune response, and may represent a potential strategy to synergize with immune checkpoint blockade therapy. However, the limited tissue penetration of exciting light for conventional PDT largely hinders its application in the clinic and its further combination with immunotherapy. Here, a serrated packing covalent organic framework (COF), COF-606, with excellent two-photon absorption (2PA) property and photostability, largely avoids aggregation-caused quenching, therefore offering high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency; it is used as a 2PA photosensitizer for PDT in deep tumor tissue. COF-606 induced PDT is shown to be efficient in inducing immunogenic cell death, provoking an immune response and normalizing the immunosuppressive status for the first time. This makes it possible to combine 2PA induced PDT using COF with programmed cell death protein 1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Such combination leads to strong abscopal tumor-inhibiting efficiency and long-lasting immune memory effects, standing as a promising combinatorial therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Constructing heterostructures is an efficient strategy to develop high‐performance and robust electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, an ion‐impregnation method and an environmentally friendly in situ carbonization strategy are successively employed to fabricate a novel Co3Mo/Mo2C heterostructure anchored on nitrogen‐doped carbon (Co3Mo/Mo2C@NC). Thanks to the formation of heterostructure, the obtained Co3Mo/Mo2C@NC exhibits an enhanced catalytic performance toward OER with a low overpotential (282 mV @ 10 mA cm−2, 322 mV @ 50 mA cm−2, and 355 mV @100 mA cm−2) and robust stability (100 mA cm−2 for 200 h) in alkaline media. Detailed experimental results combined with theoretical calculations reveal the formation of a Co3Mo/Mo2C heterojunction interface can decrease the energy barrier of the rate‐determining step for intermediates during the OER process, thereby inherently enhancing the OER performance. This work presents a rational synthetic route for designing high‐performance heterostructures for energy conversion technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aminoglycosides are a family of naturally isolated or chemically semi‐synthesized antibiotics consisting of aminocyclitols with several amino and saccharide units. The unique molecule structures render aminoglycosides promising building blocks with high reactivity to perform various non‐covalent and covalent reactions, and they are further employed to rationally fabricate versatile materials, such as hydrogels, amphiphiles, hyperbranched polymers, biointerfaces, and nanoparticles. Despite aminoglycosides are widely used in clinics to treat bacterial infections, almost all the efforts are focused on molecular modifications to reduce their toxicities and overcome antibiotic resistance, while their actions as building blocks to construct biomaterials are scarcely discussed. In this feature article, the current progress on the rational design, emergent properties, and promising biological applications of aminoglycoside‐based biomaterials are summarized. It is believed that this paper may provide guidance to develop new biomaterials using natural functional molecules as building blocks, and start a new life of aminoglycosides from the view of materials science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible bioelectronics have attracted increasing research interests due to their wide range of potential applications in human motion detection, personal healthcare monitoring, and medical diagnosis. Recently, design and fabrication strategies integrated with mussel‐inspired polydopamine (PDA) have demonstrated many appealing properties, which meet the structural and functional requirements of high‐performance flexible bioelectronics. The inherent multiple reactive sites and hierarchical interactions within PDA can promote the total electrochemical activities, self‐healing, surface activation, and biocompatibility of the composite system. This review paper strives to provide a comprehensive overview on this emerging area, including the fabrication methodology, the structural and functional contributions of PDA on the whole composites, and various applications of PDA‐based flexible bioelectronics. The current challenges and future outlook in this field are also extensively discussed at the end. This paper aims to serve as a guideline in this emerging area and provide new inspirations toward next‐generation integrated multifunctional flexible PDA bioelectronics with a broad range of healthcare applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modulating and constructing interface engineering is an efficient strategy to enhance catalytic activity for water splitting. Herein, a hybrid nanoarray structure of V‐CoP@a‐CeO2, where "a" represents amorphous, integrated into carbon cloth is fabricated for water splitting. The synergy effect between V and CeO2 can increase the electron density of Co atoms at active sites, further optimizing the Gibbs free energy of H* adsorption energy (ΔGH*). Besides, V‐CoP@a‐CeO2 possesses lower water adsorption/dissociation energies, enabling accelerated reaction kinetics in alkaline media. As expected, the V‐CoP@a‐CeO2 exhibits superior performance toward the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction. More importantly, a two‐electrode electrolyzer combined with an electrocatalyst of V‐CoP@ a‐CeO2 only demands that voltages of electrolytic cell are 1.56 and 1.71 V to achieve the current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. This work provides guidance for the design or optimization of materials for water electrolysis and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a key type of emerging thermoelectric material, tin telluride (SnTe) has received extensive attention because of its low toxicity and eco-friendly nature. The recent trend shows that band engineering and nanostructuring can enhance thermoelectric performance of SnTe as intermediate temperature (400-800 K) thermoelectrics, which provides an alternative for toxic PbTe with the same operational temperature. This review highlights the key strategies to enhance the thermoelectric performance of SnTe materials through band engineering, carrier concentration optimization, synergistic engineering, and structure design. A fundamental analysis elucidates the underpinnings for the property improvement. This comprehensive review will boost the relevant research with a view to work on further performance enhancement of SnTe materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In cell-material interactions, cells use filopodia to sense external biochemical and mechanical cues, and subsequently dictate their survival. In an effort toward understanding how disordered topography of stiff materials influences filopodial recognition, diamond films with grain sizes varying from nano- to micrometers are fabricated for the investigation of osteoblast filopodial extension. Interestingly, straight filopodia with pronounced cell-substrate adhesion are observed on a nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) region, whereas filopodia on a microcrystalline diamond (MCD) surface only adhere to, and get deflected by, large diamond grains. More importantly, filopodia on NCD keep propagating with a constant velocity, whereas the same process takes place in a slow and intermittent manner on MCD. A theoretical model is also developed and it suggests that the contact between the disordered topography and the filopodial tip plays a key role in altering filopodial growth dynamics. In particular, it is predicted that large surface asperities can block the movement of the filopodial tip, delay its extension, and cause bending of the structure, in quantitative agreement with experimental observations. These findings reveal previously underappreciated effects of random, stiff topographies on the response of cells, and hence can provide new insights for the design of future implant biomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coaxial fibers are the key elements in many optical, electrical, and biomedical applications. Recent success in materials synthesis has provided versatile choices for the core part, but the search of high-performance sheath materials remains much less productive. These surface coatings are however as important as the core for their role as protection layers and interaction medium with the externals, thereby critically affecting the real performance of coaxial fibers. Here it is shown that aramid nanofibers (ANFs) with exceptional environmental stability and mechanical properties can be advanced coating materials for both wet- and dry-spun carbon nanotube (CNT) wires. Co-wet-spinning ANFs with CNT aqueous dispersion can produce coaxial fibers with a compact sheath comprised of aligned ANFs, showing much enhanced mechanical properties by transferring stress to the sheath without sacrificing the conductivity. On the other hand, an immersion-precipitation process is used to prepare a porous sheath made from randomly distributed nanofibers on dry-spun CNT wires, which can be combined with ionic conductive gel electrolyte as a strong packaging layer for flexible solid-state supercapacitors. The excellent intrinsic characteristics as well as variable ways of structural organizations make ANF-based coatings an attractive tool for the design of multifunctional high-performance hybrid materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial infections represent one of the serious human healthcare threats, and ≈80% of bacterial infections are related to biofilm. So far, there are extensive investigations on the development of robust biomaterials toward the elimination of biofilms and synergistic antibacterial applications. Despite the progress made, concerns have always been raised regarding the sophisticated synthesis and pre‐modification of hybrid materials, complicated purification and high‐cost work. In this study, a series of robust and integrative nanoparticles (NPs) assembled from two types of natural building blocks (natural polyphenols and tobramycin antibiotics) is successfully fabricated via a one‐pot integration approach, which can efficiently destruct the biofilm structure and kill bacteria via enhanced antibiotic infiltration. Notably, natural polyphenols and tobramycin can release from the formed NPs in an on‐demand manner in the bacterial‐induced environment. The former ones can inhibit quorum sensing within bacteria through competitive combination with autoinducer‐2 (AI‐2) to remove the existing biofilm, and the latter antibiotics exert high antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo. This study provides new inspirations toward robust and synergistic antimicrobial and antibiofilm nanomaterials via the facile integration of naturally occurring molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All‐small‐molecule smart hydrogels fabricated by naturally occurring and commercially available small molecular building blocks have attracted increasing interest due to their unique features such as biofunction integration and multi‐stimuli responsiveness. While a few examples have been well‐explored, the further development of additional kinds of all‐small‐molecule smart hydrogels is severely hindered by the lack of enough commensurate building blocks from nature and market. Therefore, it is crucial to seek new strategies to expand the scope of all‐small‐molecule dynamic covalent hydrogels using well‐established natural and commercial chemicals. Herein, this issue is addressed by introducing a bifunctional adapter bearing an aldehyde group and a boronic acid group to construct a novel all‐small‐molecule smart hydrogel through the dynamical covalent cross‐linking with naturally occurring building blocks (e.g., tobramycin and tannic acid). The prepared hydrogel presents several promising features including tunable mechanical property, multi‐stimuli responsiveness, controlled drug release profiles, and excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial performances. This study provides a new strategy to efficiently expand the scope of the all‐small‐molecule smart hydrogels via the integration of the naturally occurring building blocks and the bifunctional adapters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To overcome the von Neumann bottleneck between memory and computing, the novel architectures with computing in‐memory are paid much attention and expected to be compatible with digital logic computing and/or analog brain‐inspired neuromorphic computing. Herein, by combining the Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) ferroelectric film and MoS2 layered semiconductor, a non‐volatile memory is constructed, which deliver the gate‐switchable function between the digital and analog functionality modes. The on/off ratio, subthreshold swing, and carrier mobility of MoS2/BST ferroelectric field‐effect transistor (FeFET) are 4.95×106, 68 mV dec−1, and 16.7 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. By a small electrical stimulation, the device demonstrates remarkable non‐volatile memory properties, including robust long‐term retention of ≈3000 s, superior endurance over 34 000 cycles, low operating energy at ≈0.3 pJ per spike. By a large electrical stress, it exhibits well memristive behavior and gating history dependent accumulation/diminution effect, which is attributed to the charge dynamic trapping/de‐trapping activation at the MoS2/BST interface. Following the historic memory behaviors, a cryptosystem is developed with auto‐generated reading log which is tamper‐resistant at hardware level. Moreover, the synaptic functions are realized on the device such as the short‐term potentiation/depression and gating‐depending synaptic plasticity. This study shows the opportunities of multi‐functionalities integration in a single FeFET device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron‐rich 2:17‐type SmCo magnets are expected to achieve high performance and relatively low cost. However, inhomogeneous cellular structures usually exist in iron‐rich magnets, resulting in a drastic reduction in coercivity and energy product. Herein, a strategy is proposed to regulate the dislocation by decreasing the Sm content and extending the solid‐solution duration in precursor of iron‐rich SmCo magnet. High‐density dislocations in precursor contributed to 1:5H nucleation, leading to uniform cellular structures in final magnets. As a result, a remarkable intrinsic coercivity of 1.50 T and one of the highest remanences (1.24 T) are simultaneously achieved in the iron‐rich Sm25Co42Fe26Cu5Zr2 (wt%) magnet. This study provides valuable insights into the design and development of iron‐rich 2:17‐type SmCo magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is still far from the theoretical efficiency due to the pronounced losses in open‐circuit voltage (VOC). The VOC loss can be mitigated by employing an appropriate hole transport layer (HTL), which facilitates energy level alignment and minimizes interface recombination losses. In this work, two D‐π‐A type polymers are chosen, PE64 and PE65, as HTLs, where pentacyclic dithieno[2,3‐d; 2′,3′‐d "]benzo[1,2‐b; 4,5‐b"]dithiophene (DTBDT) as the D‐unit and quinoxaline (Qx) as the A‐unit. It is demonstrated that the polymer PE65 with chlorinated thiophene side chain on the DTBDT unit has an optimized molecular arrangement, improved energy level matching, and enhanced passivation with CsPbI2Br, effectively reducing the losses caused by radiative and non‐radiative recombination in CsPbI2Br PSCs. Finally, the CsPbI2Br PSCs utilizing PE65 as HTL achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.60% with a high VOC of 1.44 V. Furthermore, the PE64 and PE65 are also employed to construct inter‐connecting layers (ICLs) for tandem solar cells (TSCs). The CsPbI2Br/D18:Y6 TSCs based on PE65‐ICL yield a PCE of 22.32% with a high VOC of 2.25 V. This work demonstrates that pentacyclic DTBDT‐based polymers are also promising HTLs for high‐performance PSCs and TSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two‐dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have gained much attention due to their excellent electronic and optoelectronic properties. The reasonable band gap, higher light‐matter interaction, hundreds of categories as well as wafer‐scale growth and Si‐compatible fabrication etc. proof their immense potential for next‐generation solar cells. Over the past years, a variety of specific device structure are investigated including multi‐field tunable 2D TMDCs‐based photovoltaic solar cell since its electronic structure is easily tunable. Their work function distributes in a wide range which facilitate interfacial modulation and optimize the electron/hole transfer layer in perovskite‐/organic‐based photovoltaic solar cell. In this review, the recent developments of TMDCs in photovoltaic solar cell are comprehensively described. First, the energy diagram of traditional semiconductor and 2D TDMCs are discussed. Then, 2D TMDCs‐based photovoltaic solar cell is introduced considering the homojunction, heterojunction and Schottky‐junction as well as their multi‐field tunability. Third, the role of 2D TMDCs layer as photosensitive layer and modifying layer in silicon‐based solar cells, as well as their applications in perovskite‐/organic‐based solar cells are summarized considering their role of electron/hole transfer layer or active layer. Lastly, the prospect for future materials, device and process trends and practical applications of TMDCs‐based photovoltaic solar cell are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The clinical effectiveness of locoregional therapies in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently constrained by multi‐drug resistance and/or tumor metastasis. To surmount these challenges, a promising approach, transcatheter arterial ionic‐embolization (TAIE) is proposed, which can specifically and continuously disrupt the intracellular ionic balance to significantly inhibit tumor activity and invasion. The hydrophilic micro‐nanoscale sodium chloride particles (SCPs) are ingeniously intermixed with hydrophobic lipiodol to create a super‐stable homogeneous embolic formulation (lipiodol‐sodium chloride, LSC). After interventional administration, the LSC selectively deposits in HCC lesions, where lipiodol stably delivers SCPs to disrupt the cell's ionic balance, causing cell death without drug resistance. Notably, it is demonstrated that LSC can significantly hinder tumor cell migration and invasion. The mechanism is through SCP disruption of the ionic balance, which induces cell swelling and subsequent vimentin hydrolysis‐mediated cytoskeletal remodeling. In addition, it is found that LSC treatment notably downregulates the expression of MYLK, TLN, and THBS2 genes in the focal adhesion (FA) signaling pathway of HepG2 cells. LSC formulation integrated tumor‐specific deposition, intratumoral sustained release, efficient tumoricidal activity, significant metastasis inhibition, and excellent biological safety, thereby demonstrating superior in vivo tumor therapeutic effects via TAIE strategy, and showing a promising cancer therapeutic approach for clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the narrow bandgap, environment stability, and Pt vacancy‐induced magnetism, PtSe2 has been considered a promising candidate for future broadband photodetection and electronics. However, the growth of single‐crystal PtSe2 is still a challenge. Herein, the synthesis of hexagonal and tetragonal 2H─PtSe2 single‐crystal flakes by precisely tailoring the growth temperature is reported. Through atomic structure analysis, hexagonal and tetragonal flakes are proven c‐axis and a‐axis orientations of 2H─PtSe2, indicating the preferred nucleation orientations are along the basal plane and vertically basal plane, respectively. The crystalline orientation‐dependent properties are studied including high‐pressure and polarized in situ‐Raman, electrical transport. The out‐of‐basal plane vibration (A1g) is sensitive to pressure showing 2.744 and 3.282 cm−1 GPa−1 corresponding to c‐2H─PtSe2 and a‐2H─PtSe2, respectively. The conductivity of c‐2H─PtSe2 is 57 times higher than that of a‐2H─PtSe2. Furthermore, by studying magnetic transport at low temperatures, both c‐2H─PtSe2 and a‐2H─PtSe2 exhibit butterfly‐shaped magnetoresistance hysteresis suggesting their ferromagnetic property. The c‐2H─PtSe2 has a higher |MR| ratio and higher coercive field compared with a‐2H─PtSe2, indicating that across multilayer carrier regulation for c‐2H─PtSe2 is more difficult than intra‐layer carrier regulation for a‐2H─PtSe2. This study opens the way to grow different crystalline orientations of 2D materials and will bring more abundant properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sonocatalysis and chemodynamics have attracted widespread attention in antibacterial therapy. The transfer efficiency of electrons plays an important role in sonocatalysis and chemodynamics, and how to regulate electron transfer and achieve mutual‐reinforcement between sonocatalysis and chemodynamic to achieve efficient antibacterial therapy is a difficult problem. Here, this study develops a defective S‐doped TiO2 and CeO2 heterojunction(S‐TiO2−x/CeO2）sonosensitizer that can enhance chemodynamic therapy by regulating valence transitions of CeIII/CeIV by sonoelectrons, and enhancing sonocatalytic therapy by creating heterojunctions to accelerate the transfer of interface electron, thereby achieving mutual reinforcement of sonocatalysis and chemodynamic. It could kill 99.3% of S. aureus under ultrasound (US) irradiation. Due to the presence of mixed valence states CeIII/CeIV in CeO2, S‐TiO2−x/CeO2 could be as oxy‐substrates. Ce4+ can deplete glutathione and reacts with H2O2 in bacteria to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). These activities combines with ROS generated from sonocatalysis, resulting in bacterial death. Meanwhile, the electrical signal generated by S‐TiO2−x/CeO2 under US stimulation and the cerium ions could activate the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway to induce hBMSCs to differentiate into osteoblast. S‐TiO2−x/CeO2 successfully treats osteomyelitis under US irradiation by effectively clearing infection, suppressing inflammatory, and promoting bone regeneration, and it provides effective treatment for patients with deep infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Actuators have shown great promise in many fields including soft robotics. Since reconfiguration allows actuators to change their actuation mode, it is considered a key characteristic for new‐generation adaptive actuators. However, it remains a challenge to design simple and universal methods to fabricate actuators that can be reconfigured to allow diverse actuation modes. Here, a macroscopically discretionary healing‐assembly strategy to fabricate reconfigurable soft actuators based on intrinsic self‐healing poly(dimethylglyoxime‐urethane) (PDOU) elastomers is developed. The PDOU elastomers with different degrees of crosslinking show different responsiveness to solvents, and are seamlessly healed. Crosslinked and non‐crosslinked PDOU elastomers as building units are healing‐assembled into actuators/robots with diverse actuation behaviors. Notably, the assembled actuators/robots are readily reprogrammed to exhibit multiple actuation modes by simply tailoring and reassembling without any external stimuli. This work paves a new, simple, powerful, and universal method to construct sophisticated soft robots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In article number 1702689, Lei Yang, Yuan Li, Brian W. Sheldon, and co‐workers report that cell filopodial extension on ultrastiff, disordered topography is governed by the contact between filopodial tip and surface asperities. Both experimental and modeling evidence reveal extension dynamics distinct from those reported on soft or ordered topographies and therefore provide key information to understand and design the biointerface of medical implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Realizing the clinical potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in bone regenerative medicine requires the development of safe and chemically defined biomaterials for expansion of hiPSCs followed by directing their lineage commitment to osteoblasts. In this study, novel multipurpose peptide‐presenting hydrogel surfaces are prepared on common tissue culture plates via carboxymethyl chitosan grafting and subsequent immobilization of two functional peptides allowing for in vitro feeder‐free culture, long‐term self‐renewal, and osteogenic induction of hiPSCs. After vitronectin (VN) peptide modification, the engineered surfaces facilitate adhesion, proliferation, colony formation, and the maintenance of pluripotency of hiPSCs up to passage 10 under fully defined conditions without Matrigel or protein coating. Further, this synthetic niche exhibits an appealing regulatory effect on the osteogenic conversion of hiPSCs to osteoblastic phenotype without an embryoid body formation step by co‐decoration of different ratios of VN and bone‐forming peptide. Such a well‐defined, xeno‐free 2D engineered microenvironment not only helps to accelerate the clinical development of hiPSCs, but also provides a safe and robust platform for the generation of osteoblast‐like cells or bone‐like tissues at different maturation levels. Thus, the strategy may hold great potential for application in cell therapy and bone tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A key challenge in advancing the design of hybrid nanostructures (HNs) lies in the difficulty in mastering the principle of selected hybrid formation, which is complicated not only by the size and shape variations of nanoparticles but also by the interfacial phenomena associated with surface ligands. Here this study elaborates the formation mechanism of HNs by a combined experimental and theoretical study employing multiscale simulations and shows how molecular information encoded on particle surface can be transferred into distinct composite patterns. The emergence of different HNs is found to be not only related to ligand binding strengths affecting the reaction kinetics but also the ligand-ligand interactions responsible for phase segregation. Unexpectedly, the sulfidation of Ag nanoparticles co-stabilized by citrate/gallic acid with different molar ratios constantly produces heterodimers with faster reaction rate than the formation of core-shell structures when they are solely coated by citrate or gallic acid. The surprising result originates from the phase separation of two short surface ligands with large contrast in binding strengths as indicated by photoluminescence spectra and supported by the dissipative particle dynamics simulations. Hierarchical HNs consisting of a heterodimer shell with built-in hot spots can be further synthesized using Au@Ag core-shell particles with mixed surface layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All-small-molecule hydrogels, aminoglycosides, antibacterial hydrogels, bifunctional adapter, dynamic covalent chemistry The obtained hydrogels show tunable mechanical properties, multi-stimuli responsiveness, controlled drug release profiles, and excellent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial performance under local hyperthermia treatment. Keywords: all-small-molecule hydrogels; aminoglycosides; antibacterial hydrogels; bifunctional adapter; dynamic covalent chemistry EN all-small-molecule hydrogels aminoglycosides antibacterial hydrogels bifunctional adapter dynamic covalent chemistry 1 1 1 11/01/22 20221026 NES 221026 B Smart Hydrogels b In article number 2206201, Yiwen Li, Yiyun Cheng, and co-workers report an all-small-molecule smart hydrogel by using a bifunctional adapter bearing an aldehyde group and a boronic acid group to integrate naturally occurring building blocks (tobramycin and tannic acid) through dynamical covalent crosslinking. [Extracted from the article]

The synergistic efficacy of phototherapy and cancer immunotherapy is severely restricted by both the inherent photobleaching and aggregation‐caused quench (ACQ) defects of photosensitizers and the intrinsic antioxidant tumor microenvironment (TME), such as hypoxia and overexpressed glutathione (GSH). To address these issues, a novel porphyrin‐based staggered stacking covalent organic framework (COF), COF‐618‐Cu, is rationally designed as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) amplifier, owing to its excellent catalase‐like activity, COF‐618‐Cu is capable of consuming endogenous hydrogen peroxide to produce sufficient oxygen to alleviate the tumor hypoxia phenomena. Moreover the overexpressed intracellular GSH is also depleted to decrease the scavenging of ROS, due to the glutathione peroxidase mimic activity of COF‐618‐Cu. Mechanistic studies reveal that the unique staggered stacking mode between COF‐618‐Cu interlayers can effectively relieve both the photobleaching and ACQ effects that are inaccessible to commonly eclipsed COFs. These, combined with their excellent photothermal therapy performance, make COF‐618‐Cu favorable for inducing robust immunogenic cell death and remodeling TME to boost antitumor immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the limited carrier concentration, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides have lower intrinsic dark current, and thus, are widely studied for high performance room photodetection. However, the light‐matter interaction is still unclear, thus tuning the photoexcitation and further manipulating the photodetection is a challenge. Herein, large‐area PtS films are synthesized, and the growth mechanism is investigated. It is demonstrated that PtS has an orthorhombic structure and exhibits the p‐type semiconducting behavior. Then, MoS2/PtS p–n heterojunction is fabricated, and its energy diagram is discussed based on the Kelvin probe force microscopy. The contact potential difference is about 160 mV, which is much larger than previous 2D junctions facilitating the charge separation. Furthermore, the phototransistor based on MoS2/PtS p–n heterojunction is prepared, showing broadband photoresponse from visible to near‐infrared. The manipulation of an external field on photoresponse, detectivity, and rise/fall time are explored and discussed. The responsivity can reach up to 25.43 A W−1, and the detectivity is 8.54 × 1012 Jones. These results indicate that PtS film is a prospective candidate for high‐performance optoelectronic devices and broaden the scope of infrared detection materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wearable electronics have become an important part of daily lives. However, its rapid development results in the problem of electronic waste (e‐waste). Consequently, recyclable materials suitable for wearable electronics are highly sought after. In this study, a conductive recyclable composite (PFBC) is designed based on a dynamic covalently cross‐linked elastomer and hierarchical hybrid nanofillers. The PFBC shows excellent wide‐ranging properties including processability, elasticity, conductivity, and stability, which are superior to previous materials used for recyclable electronics, and exhibits outstanding mechanical properties and environmental tolerance including high temperature, high humidity, brine, and ethanol owing to its covalent cross‐linking. Reversible dissociation of Diels–Alder networks allows for convenient processing and recycling. After three recycles, the toughness of the PFBC remained at 10.1 MJ m−3, which is conspicuous among the reported recyclable electronic materials. Three types of PFBC‐based wearable electronics including a triboelectric nanogenerator, a capacitive pressure sensor, and a flexible keyboard, are successfully 3D printed with excellent performance. The PFBC possessed both recyclability and degradability, the combination of which provides a new way to reduce e‐waste. This is the first work to recycle electronics using direct 3D printing and presents promising new design principles and materials for wearable electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A major challenge for traditional cancer therapy, including surgical resection, chemoradiotherapy, and immunotherapy, is how to induce tumor cell death and leverage the host immune system at the same time. Here, a myeloid‐derived suppressor cell (MDSC) membrane‐coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle (MNP@MDSC) to overcome this conundrum for cancer therapy is developed. In this study, MNP@MDSC demonstrates its superior performance in immune evasion, active tumor‐targeting, magnetic resonance imaging, and photothermal therapy (PTT)‐induced tumor killing. Compared with red blood cell membrane‐coated nanoparticles (MNPs@RBC) or naked MNPs, MNP@MDSCs are much more effective in active tumor‐targeting, a beneficial property afforded by coating MNP with membranes from naturally occurring MDSC, thus converting the MNP into “smart” agents that like to accumulate in tumors as the source MDSCs. Once targeted to the tumor microenvironment, MNPs@MDSC can act as a PTT agents for enhanced antitumor response by inducing immunogenic cell death, reprogramming the tumor infiltrating macrophages, and reducing the tumor's metabolic activity. These benefits, in combination with the excellent biocompatibility and pharmacological kinetics characteristics, make MNP@MDSC a promising, multimodal agent for cancer theranostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SP NPs) are employed as efficient nanoagents for “all‐in‐one” theranostic nanoplatforms with dual photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT) functions based on their photothermal conversion effect. However, the mechanisms of tuning the PTT efficiency are still elusive, though several SP NPs with high photothermal efficiency are reported. Herein, two donor–acceptor (D–A) SP NPs PTIGSVS and PIIGSVS with the same donor unit but different acceptor units are designed and synthesized. Through tuning the acceptor unit, PTIGSVS shows more planar backbone structure, stronger D–A strength, redshifted absorption, enhanced extinction efficient, weakened emission properties, and more efficient nonradiative decay in comparison to the polymeric analogue PIIGSVS. Thus, PTIGSVS NPs present much higher photothermal conversion efficiencies (74%) than PIIGSVS NPs (11%), resulting in significantly enhanced in vitro and in vivo PAI and PTT performance. This contribution demonstrates that PTIGSVS NPs are superior PA/PTT agents for effective cancer theranostic and shed light on understanding the relationship between molecular structures and photothermal effect of CPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work studies for the first time the metallic 1T MoS2 sandwich grown on graphene tube as a freestanding intercalation anode for promising sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Sodium is earth-abundant and readily accessible. Compared to lithium, the main challenge of sodium-ion batteries is its sluggish ion diffusion kinetic. The freestanding, porous, hollow structure of the electrode allows maximum electrolyte accessibility to benefit the transportation of Na+ ions. Meanwhile, the metallic MoS2 provides excellent electron conductivity. The obtained 1T MoS2 electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance: a high reversible capacity of 313 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.05 A g−1 after 200 cycles and a high rate capability of 175 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1. The underlying mechanism of high rate performance of 1T MoS2 for SIBs is the high electrical conductivity and excellent ion accessibility. This study sheds light on using the 1T MoS2 as a novel anode for SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By now, only the semiconducting H2 phase of MoS2 has been investigated as an anode for sodium‐ion batteries. In article number 1702998, Hongli Zhu and co‐workers describe anode for sodium‐ion batteries that uses 1T MoS2. Comprised of highly conducting, hierarchical, three‐dimensional, and metallic MoS2‐graphene‐MoS2 foam, the material effectively facilitates high rates of electron and ion transfer during the electrode reactions, thereby achieving excellent electrochemical rate performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]