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With the development of new energy vehicles, it is necessary to develope new fast charging cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. This paper reports a simple carbon thermal reduction routine to synthesize layered LiMoO2 cathode for Li-ion batteries. Impurity-free micro-crystalline powders were synthesized by one-step method with a thermal treatment at 800°C for 5 hrs under N2 atmosphere. The structural, morphological and electrochemical properties of LiMoO2 were characterized by using X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), charge/discharge cycling and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The diffraction results indicate that the prepared sample has a layered hexagonal structure related to α-NaFeO2. The secondary particles are in order of 2.0 μm length on average with homogeneous distribution. The initial discharge capacity of LiMoO2 is 110.9 mAh·g-1 at 0.1 C, and the capacity can still remain 92.8 mAh·g-1 after 100 cycles. The good cycling performance and high rate discharge performance are attributed to the smaller charge-transfer resistance revealed by EIS results.

Methane and carbon dioxide of different pressures were absorbed by the anthracite coal for 5 hours in high pressure reactor. When adsorption experiment was completed, pressure is reduced quickly. The content of pulverized coal which was produced by releasing gas quickly, was used to reflect capacity of gas adsorption. The result showed that the content of pulverized coal which was produced by adsorbing CH4 was higher than that was produced by adsorbing CO2 on the same coal under the same pressure. Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isothermal can describe coal methane adsorption. Freundlich isothermal can be a good description of coal carbon dioxide adsorption.

Many factors can influence coal gas desorption. In this paper, the impact of coal particle size on coal gas desorption under the effect of microwave radiation was mainly studied. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and optical fiber sensor were used to on-line detect and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the desorbed gas. The analysis results of the infrared spectrogram showed that under the effect of electromagnetic radiation (2450Hz, 1.5μT), different particle sizes of coal sample could desorb gas which contained carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane. The comparison of gas content detected by optical fiber sensor indicated that coal particle sizes had a significant influence on coal gas desorption. When coal particle was between 100 and 200 meshes, the gas content reached up to 27.58 m3/t.

To improve the oxidation resistance and insulation of tungsten electronic device at high temperature, an AlPO4/Al2O3 composite coating was synthesized on the tungsten substrate by sol-gel method. The morphology of coating was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Compared to the blank specimens, the coated ones exhibit excellent oxidation resistance and insulation at about 1100, which can be attributed to the compact coating without porosity and crack. Up to 1200, the effects of coating became dramatically poor. The electron conductivity mechanism was discussed.

After hydraulic reclamation of the dredger fill, as the deposition of surface sludge requires a relatively long time, the consolidation treatment cannot be immediately performed until the sludge-water separation is completed and the separated water is drained. The laboratory test makes a research on the effects of chemical agents and drainage condition on the sludge deposition process. The research shows that the early-stage deposition velocity of sludge is increased obviously and the sludge-water separation time is shortened after water hydrophobing agents and polymeric flocculants are added. However, the later-stage deposition velocity is slow and the deposition strength is low. Thus, certain drainage conditions are required to increase the later-stage deposition velocity and deposition strength of sludge.

In this paper, the work was mainly studying influence of pH on Fenton reaction and gingerol scavenging hydroxyl radical. The antioxidant activity of gingerol was characterized by the scavenging hydroxyl ratio and scavenging hydroxyl ratio was analyzed by the spectrophotometry. Hydroxyl radical was produced by Fenton reaction. In the experiment pH and buffer solution have influence on the scavenging hydroxyl radical and Fenton reaction. Gingerol exhibits a strong scavenging radical activity for hydroxyl radical (OH.). The scavenging hydroxyl radical of different extractions of ginger oleoresin is different.

This study investigated the effect of aeration rates on the hydrolysis process of Waste Activated Sludge (WAS) with thermophilic aerobic microbes and explained by the change of solubilization of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins in sludge under different aeration rates (0.03 vvm, 0.05 vvm, 0.07 vvm, 0.09 vvm, 0.11 vvm). The results revealed that with the increase of aeration rate, the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in the treated sludge was decreased. Only 2 142 mg COD/L was accumulated at the ventilation rate of 0.11 vvm, while the highest accumulation which was 4 088 mg/L at the ventilation rate of 0.05 vvm. Further investigation showed that under optimal aeration rate which was 0.05 vvm, theromophilic aerobic microbes facilitated the organism hydrolysis and increased the biodegradability of WAS significantly. The concentration of carbohydrates was improved remarkably from 70 mg COD/L to 560 mg COD/L compared with the control (the process without aeration) at 65°C. Meanwhile, the concentration of protein was increased stably due to the high activity of protease, and reached the peak of 1 320 mg COD/L after 72h, then decline at the later period. The maximal soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) was 5 600 mg/L and VFAs was 4 088 mg COD/L, which would be beneficial to the followed digestion process. Therefore, appropriate aeration is efficient to improve the accumulation of soluble organic matters and VFAs in WAS.

An efficient and environment-friendly macroporous resin column chromatographic separation method has been developed for preparative isolation of oxymatrine from alkaloids of Sophora flavescens Ait. in the present study. The static adsorption ratios of nine macroporous resins were evaluated. The results demonstrate that H103 macroporous resin, showing high adsorption and desorption capacity, is suitable for separation of oxymatrine. The optimal parameters are obtained: the H103 resins are packed with ethanol, height-diameter ratio (H/D in short) of H103 resin-packed chromatogram column is 33:1, the elution program is 30% C2H5OH-25% NH4OH (115:1, v/v) at flow rate of 2.0 mL/min. After isolation on resin column chromatography, target compound is adequately separated from interferences; the purity of oxymatrine is increased to 91.53% by GC-MS analysis and the recovery yield of oxymatrine is 78.19%.

In order to analyze failure phenomena and mechanical properties of propellant-liner interface material, both experimental study and modeling were carried out. The adhesive system was observed under tensile. Based on experiment, the finite element analysis was implemented. Results show that the failure is initiated on a certain point near the propellant and the deformation concentration of localization zone and the macro-cracks occur. The failure process can be modeled and stress distributions can be obtained by introducing cohesive element. The method offers references to interface designing

Zingiberene, one of the five major sesquiterpene hydrocarbon which are rich in ginger essential oil, is a natural antioxidant and serves as antiviral and antifertility agent. An efficient preparative isolation process of zingiberene from ginger essential oil has been developed in the present study. The separation experiments have been carried out on an intermittent silica gel column chromatography. After the first run treatment with the chromatography, the zingiberene content in the final product was increased from 35.11% to 60.41%. Afterwards the concentration was purified by using the second silica gel column chromatography. The recovery for the combined procedure was 70.68%, with a final purity 72.93%.Therefore, the separation can be achieved easily and efficiently via the intermittent silica gel column chromatography, and the method will provided a potential approach for large-scale separation and purification of zingiberene for its wide pharmaceutical use.

The mixing process of composite solid propellant slurry in kneading mixers is considered as the research object. POLYFLOW software is employed to solve the problems numerically. Turning the mixing tank instead of the revolution of the impellers, thus the planetary motion is carried out only by the autorotation of the impellers around their own axes. With mesh superposition technique and mesh refinement technique, the impellers and mixing tank are meshed. Visualization of flow process and flow pattern in a kneading mixer is realized and flow fields of velocity, shear stress, viscosity and mixing index are obtained.

Faced with the difficult situation of the joint operation of open pit and underground mining in transition period in Shirengou Iron Mine, a suitable linear programming mathematical model of mining plan was established and synthesis optimization results were obtained, which would increase the overall economic effect of the mining operation during the transition period, while the limited reserves and ore quality control were entirely considered. A pronounced economic benefit was achieved by the project optimization. This mathematical model can be widely used in mining process to control the quality and quantity equilibrium of ore output, comprehensive utilize some waste rock and optimize the mining plan.

Based on the analysis of potential safety problems and main factors effecting on safety in mining process, safety evaluation index system was constructed for Sijiaying Open-pit Iron Mine. The fuzzy subjection degrees are determined by setting up the fuzzy membership function, numerical value statistic and expert evaluation method. Analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy set method have been used to build the mathematic model, and then the evaluation results were given for reveal the disfigurement in mining process.

Problem of lateral driving stability of the automobiles passing by the vicinity of pylons of cable-supported bridges in condition of strong cross wind exists obviously because of the alternative wind environment above the deck due to complex flow fluid around the pylon and the deck. Based on numerical wind tunnel technology, the numerical simulation investigation of alternating wind environment above the girder near A-shaped pylon for main span of the steel truss girder cable-stayed bridge of Zhengxin Yellow River Highway-railway Bridge is carried out, considering wind barrier set up on the deck or not. The result shows that the original program has significant effect on wind speed amplification and mutation near the pylon domain in cross wind. Further investigation on wind barrier set up on both sides of the girder section or near the A-shaped pylon along the bridge gives that wind barrier near the A-shaped pylon is useful for reducing wind speed above the leeward deck near the pylon and weakening its mutation. Deeply, taken a medium-size commercial bus as an example, lateral driving stability of the automobiles passing by the leeward lane near A-shaped pylon is discussed through the dynamic response simulation of the vehicle controlled by ideal-driver under cross wind. The results confirms again that the wind barrier near the A-shaped pylon is good for driving safety of vehicles passing by the leeward lanes in vicinity of A-shaped pylon. In all, above work provides technical support for the final implementation of the wind barrier as an engineering measure.

A rapid and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of azo aromatic diacyl chlorides from nitro aromatic acids by using dimethyl benzene as solvent. The products are obtained in good yields with high purity.

CrN and CrAlN coating tools were heated and heat-preserved in electric stove to make oxidation experiment. The results were obtained through SEM, EDX and XRD. The results are as follows: The oxidation of CrN and CrAlN coating is induced by the micro-holes which were formed by the diffusion of nitrogen atoms and chromium ions towards the coating surface under sufficient thermal energy. With the incorporation of Al, CrAlN coating showed stronger oxidation resistance as compared to CrN. The dense mixture of Cr2O3 and Al2O3 makes oxygen diffusion through the film difficult and then oxidation and decomposing are alleviated effectively, therefore CrAlN coating can remain high oxidation resistance and high hardness after high temperature which make this coating tool be competent for high speed machining of the hardworking materials. In addition, the failure of the coating is primary induced by oxidation and the different expansion coefficients between coating and substrate.

This paper presented a high real time target tracking algorithm – mixed difference tracking algorithm MDT. In the proposed algorithm, frame difference and background difference algorithms are combined to get the location of the target. With background difference algorithm the shape of the target can be extracted. Due to the affection of the dynamic background, single background difference algorithm can not get the location of the moving target. To solve this issue the frame difference algorithm is used to estimate the location, and then combine the results of the background difference algorithm and the frame difference algorithm the location and the size of the target can be extracted. And then filtering algorithm is used to remove noise and isolated points. In the experiment it can be seen that the proposed algorithm can tracking object precisely in real time.

Tensile properties and morphological studies of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/kenaf (KNF) composites were investigated. The composites with different KNF loading (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 phr) were prepared using a Thermo Haake Polydrive internal mixer at 150°C and 50 rpm for 10 min. The results indicated that tensile strength and elongation at break were decreased with increasing KNF loading, whereas tensile modulus showed the opposite trend. Tensile fractured surfaces observed by scanning electron microscopy showed better interfacial adhesion between LLDPE/PVA and KNF at 10 phr KNF loading.

Microstructure of ore particle has significant influence on the efficiency of bio-heap leaching, because it affects such processes as microscale fluid flow, mass diffusivity, bacteria growth, chemical reaction, etc. The micropores and microcracks in ore particles evolve continuously during bioleaching. To obtain crucial quantitative information on structural evolutions, non-destructive techniques become necessary. In this study, a cylindrical ore sample of 3mm diameter was scanned with X-ray micro-CT before and after bioleaching test. The ore sample is a kind of mixed ore that composed of oxide copper and sulfide copper. The CT scanner used is μCT225kvFCB. By using an in-house developed image analysis program based on MATLAB, 3D information about the total porosity, the pore size distribution, the pore connectivity, and the pore fractal dimension of the ore sample before and after bioleaching were calculated and analyzed. The results obtained in this study are promising for a better understanding of microstructure evolution mechanisms on ore particles during bioleaching. Results also show that 3-D image analysis is a powerful technique to characterize the morphological, structural and topological differences due to bioleaching.

To assess the effects of forced aeration on leaching dynamics of sulfides, five sets of column bioleaching of copper sulfides using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans were conducted when the aeration rates ranged from 0 to 150 L/h. The experimental results show that forced aeration can ameliorate the porosity and flow rates throughout the heap, and improve the bacterial concentration and oxidative ability. Forced aeration at the column bottom can enhance the interactions of air, flow and particles, and then facilitate the heap porosity and connectivity. The oxidant Fe3+ concentrations are proportional to the aeration rates, and lead to an accelerating dissolution rate of sulfides. In addition, the bacterial concentration, oxidative ability and Fe3+ concentration are susceptible to aeration rates, and the forced aeration remarkably enhances the bioleaching when aeration rates are higher than 60 L/h compare to those with none or slight aeration.

In order to investigate the effect of initial proportions of microorganisms on chalcopyrite leaching, six typical bioleaching strains were used to rebuild different co-culture systems. According to their different energy use types, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans DX2012 (ferrous and sulfur), Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidnas DX2012 (ferrous and sulfur), Leptospirillum ferriphilum DX12 (only ferrous), Ferroplasma thermophilum L1 (only ferrous), Acidithiobacillus caldus DX2012 (only sulfur), Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans A01 (only sulfur) were classified to construct four groups(cells): a, 1:1:1:1:1:1; b, 10:10:1:1:1:1; c, 1:1:10:10:1:1; d, 1:1:1:1:10:10. The results showed that leachate pH of consortium a, d firstly began to decline until stabilized at 1.4. On day 9th, Eh of consortium d began to sharply rise and finally stabilized at 720 mV. Compared with consortium a, b and c, copper concentration of consortium d increased to the highest level of 6000mg/L. All the evidence suggests consortium d is the best combination which held the highest leaching rate of copper. Real-time quantification polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to analyze the population dynamics during all the bioleaching process. Final microbial community structure of four consortia was trended roughly the same and consortium d was first to reach final community structure on day 27th. It is concluded that bioleaching co-culture system containing a higher proportion of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria works more efficiently.

Polymers are commonly used in concrete materials. The type and concentration of polymer are important information for stakeholders, because they have a critical impact on the properties of concrete materials. Therefore, reliable and accurate information is highly desirable. To this end, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) are used to analyze polymer contents in construction materials. FTIR spectroscopy is a suitable technique to identify the polymer type using IR spectrum matching. Additionally, functional group information can be easily obtained from each peak. Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) method can be used to measure extracted polymers from construction materials to obtain IR spectra, and match against the library database to identify the polymer materials. TGA is one of the common thermal analysis methods. It measures the weight loss or gain of sample due to chemical reactions such as vaporization, decomposition and oxidation as a function of temperature. In this paper, we will discuss development of reliable analytical methods with which mixtures of polymer, fine aggregate and cement with different percentages of polymer content were prepared and evaluated.

This thesis is aimed to the external instantaneous high energy heat source, according to enclosed metal cavity, porous medium in the cavity, porous media can by phase change heat transfer characteristic of variegated medium coupling state target’s special requirements in the field of aerospace, it is innovatively to put forward a kind of applicable to simulate sealed coupling target, under the condition of instant high energy heat source excitation, By heat source-metal cavity-porous medium—porous medium’s phase-changeable phase change process heat-transfer characteristic numerical calculation model-creation approach, in use of the metal cavity, in the porous medium incompressible flow phase transition of working medium’s heat energy conservation, momentum conservation and mass conservation principle, it is to establish analysis model of coupled heat transfer characteristics of multiple parts, in order to acquire the full target area of airtight coupling state targets, temperature field, pressure field, velocity field and phase change of phase transition of working medium characteristics change with time and space change numerical value to analog result. The study results points out: when the incentive heat source keep constant, the change rule of full target area temperature, pressure flow rate and phase change characteristic parameters is in conformity with theory of heat transfer medium. The heat transfer model can be popularized and applied to the optimization design of incentive heat source, and comprehensive performance optimization of enclosed coupling state objects.

The compatibility of molten Mg-25Al-15Zn-14Cu alloy with several candidate vessel shell materials such as 304 stainless steel, 201 stainless steel for phase-transformation thermal storage facility were evaluated by means of immersion corrosion test at 500°C for 1000 h. The microstructure, element distribution and surface corrosion layer structure and phase composition of the cross section of corrosion samples were analyzed by using optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron microprobe analysis (EPMA). The results show that two kinds of stainless steel have good compatibility in the molten Mg-25Al-15Zn-14Cu alloy. The thickness of the erosion layer is less than 0.1mm. The corrosion interface of corrosive material in the molten Mg-25Al-15Zn-14Cu alloy can be divided into the base layer, the diffusion layer, the corrosion layer, segregation layer (C, Cr, Ni), linked coating layer.

As flame-retardant Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers was one of the most important differential fibers, it was of great importance to make research on the modification of flame-retardant PAN fibers to improve its characteristics. In this present study, the flame-retardant PAN fiber with good moisture absorption and mechanical properties has been prepared treated by blending solution of sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate. FTIR spectra presented that new amide and cyclization-crosslinking pyridine group band peaks appeared. X-ray diffraction showed that the crystal structure of PAN fibers has been converted from quasi-crystalline structure into partially crystallized structure after modification treatment. SEM micrographs indicated that the original longitudinal surface microgroove has changed to layered structure by surficial etchant.

CO(NH2)2 as pore-former used to prepare porous Ca2.5La0.5Co4O9 thermoelectric materials by solid-state reaction technique.Microstructure,density and thermoelectric properties (temperature dependence of electrical resistivity,Seebeck coefficient) of the samples were studied in details.The results have shown that the porosity increases and the pore structure is improved with the pore-former content increasing,and electrical resistivity and density decrease while Seebeck coefficient raise.The improvement in electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient leads to higher power factor values at 913 K (around 1.32 mW/cm·K2) than undoped samples.

YPO4 nanowires (NWs) and nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by hydrothermal methods respectively in the absence and presence of EDTA. The Eu3+ and Yb3+ codoped YPO4 NWs and NPs prepared directly from hydrothermal systems show efficient red down-conversion luminescence (DL) and upconversion luminescence (UL) at room temperature without further annealing process. EDTA plays a critical role in controlling the morphologies of YPO4 nanocrystals in hydrothermal systems and enhances both the DL and UL intensities of Eu3+ by the factor of 100%. Monodispersed Eu3+ and Yb3+ codoped YPO4 NPs will be a new candidate for application in infrared displays and biological labels.

The aim of the present study was to prepare nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and nanoemulsions (NEs) with different lipid compositions for delivery of phenylethyl resorcinol (PR) and investigate the effect of the lipid composition on the performance of lipid-based nanocarriers. The optimized nanocarriers were evaluated by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), Laser diffraction (LD), encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release and in vitro penetration studies. The particle sizes of all the freshly prepared nanocarriers were in the range of 70-200 nm. PR-NLCs showed higher encapsulation efficiency than PR-NEs. A controlled-release behavior of PR-NLCs was observed in in vitro release studies. In vitro penetration studies demonstrated nanocarriers with smaller particles possessed higher penetration ability. According to the present study, nanocarriers with small particle sizes can be considered as a potential drug delivery system for typical application.

170P1/DX54D+Z was a kind of laser-welding-tailored-blanks with unequal thickness. But it usually occurred poor welding seam especially when the thickness has an obvious difference. In this study, it was explored that the important influence factors of welding seam and formations based on the micro-hardness, microstructure testing and cupping experiment. The micro-hardness and microstructure of base metal，welding seam and heat affected zone (HAZ) has been observed. In addition, offset of welding seam and Erickson value was also measured. It was analyzed that the effect of the thickness difference and chemical compositions on welding seam and formation. It was stated that there were a great influence of thickness difference and chemical compositions on the properties of welding seam and formation.

In the process of Fused Deposition molding (Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM), because the 3 d design is disconnected with manufacturing (or process), and prototype and precision is influenced by many factors, there are many disadvantages such as much design rework, difficult processing, low efficiency and high cost. Based on the concept of Design for Manufacturing ((Design for Manufacturing, DFM), this paper analyzes several factors that influence the forming accuracy, and puts forward the corresponding solutions to improve rapid prototyping manufacture parts strength and forming precision, combined with the actual rapid prototyping processing. It has certain reference value in the study of parameter selection and structure improvement of FDM process oriented component design.

Based on pool film boiling, the model of boiling and vaporization to heat transfer is established When droplet jet into cutting zone to cool high temperature wall. Through the transient experiment of cryogenic gas atomization jet cooling high temperature nickel-base alloys and Titanium alloys surface with different water dose. The water dose achieving the best cooling effect is obtained at different temperature on surface of Nickel based alloys and TI-alloy. It is indicated that the water dose to the best cooling effect must be equivalent to the amount of water that materials can vaporize and participate in the phase change heat transfer under certain temperature. When achieving optimal cooling effect, the amount of droplets participating in phase change heat transfer to cool high temperature wall are the most , while comparing the cold air cooling effect and spraying cooling effect at low and high temperature. Result is that either low or high temperature, spraying cooling effect is superior than cold air cooling effect, but at a specific temperature, no lower the temperature of air, the better cooling effect, there is also an optimal air temperature values.

The accurate prediction of springback is a subject of major concern during the sheet metal forming. In this study, the recovery behavior of Hastelloy C-276 sheet under different amounts of pre-strain has been investigated by uniaxial cyclic tensile tests. The total springback during unloading could be separated into a linear springback and a nonlinear springback. The percentage of nonlinear recovery to the total recovery increased as the pre-strain increased. Both unloading and reloading elastic moduli decreased as the pre-strain increased, which affected the springback phenomenon significantly. Nonlinear recovery could be explained by the movement of dislocations in the reverse direction. The decrease of unloading elastic modulus is mainly related with the dislocation motion and the mobile dislocation density.

A series of bulk ultrafine-grained (UFG) pure iron with grain size of 250-450 nm were fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and annealing. Effects of ECAP passes on the corrosion behavior of the UFG pure iron were investigated. Results show that ECAP accelerates the acid corrosion rate of pure iron, but improves its anodic passivation property. The acid corrosion resistance of the UFG pure iron is restored through a large number of ECAP passes as well as through an annealing treatment. Annealing treatment is not good for the anodic passivation property of the UFG pure iron after a small number of ECAP passes. However, after a large number of ECAP passes (up to16), the corrosion resistance and anodic passivation property of UFG pure iron are less affected by annealing.

Based on the surface wrinkle defects of cold-rolled strip, the causes and the mechanism were analyzed, the reasons for edge thickening of cold-rolled strip were elaborated, and put forward the corresponding control measures, which achieved good results.

The direct fibrillation of blast furnace slag can solve these problems, such as having not been recycled of sensible heat, the consumption of water resources, environmental pollution and the low additional value of product, which are caused by the traditional water quenching method. The modification is the key problem of fiber forming. The thesis mainly aims at the study of viscosity of slag, the ability of crystallization and mineral phase structure after the modified process of blast furnace slag and confined the relevance of the three to optimize the appropriate texturizer and adding ratio. The results are as following: Iron ore waste rock, fly-ash and compounded texturizer can improve the high temperature viscosity of the slag respectively, while it has different effect on landing gradient of viscosity and temperature (Fly-ash occupies first place, compounded texturizer comes second and iron ore and waste rock comes the minimum). By analyzing the crystallization behavior of the slag in the solidification process, when the proportion of iron ore waste rock is more than 9%, the fly-ash is equal or greater than 8% and the compounded texturizer is more than 9%, the solidification slag will appear amorphous. The mineral composition of the slag transforms gradually from melilite to vitreous body, which will make the air hole of the vitreous body increased and aperture decreased. When the iron ore waste rock is added, the homogeneity of the air hole will deteriorate, while adding the fly-ash and compounded texturizer will strengthen the homogeneity of the air hole and make the mineral structure intensive gradually.

This paper describes the function and working principle of the bubble generator of cyclonic static micro-bubble flotation column, the structure of the bubble generator is introduced for the nozzle, induction chamber, pipe, microvoid baffle, diffusion tube, and air suction pipe.Reuse of tailing is a high technology content, environmentally friendly and resources recycle emerging industry. Comprehensive utilization and governance of tailing can bring obvious social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefits, resource conservation and development is a long-term strategic policy which benefits national economy sustainable development.

The research is based on conventional microscope experiments, the characteristics of microscopic pore structure of tight sandstone reservoir were analyzed via the constant-rate mercury experiment. This paper selected samples of tight sandstone are from the Southeast area of Erdos basin Sulige gas field. The results showed that the dissolution pore and the intergranular pore were mainly reservoir pore structure types; the bundle throat and the lamellar throat were mainly types of throat in the study area. The mainly configure relations of the pore and throat in this area were big pore - fine / fine throat. Finally, according to constant-rate mercury results, analyzed the impact of pore and throats for percolation capacity respectively, came to the conclusions that the tight sandstone gas reservoirs percolation capability in study area is mainly affected by the throat, and the development degree of the throat determines the final physical characteristics of the reservoir.

Flooding disasters not only threat the people's life and property, also affect the safety of environment resources ecosystem, which could make the destructive damage to the cultivated land resources both at quantity and quality. The cultivated land, once damaged, need to invest huge human, material and financial resources to restore its agricultural productivity. Based on analyst the formative factors of cultivated land damaged by flooding disasters, this paper selecting the restrictive factors such as, rainfall, relief amplitude, flooding disasters frequency and water system (including rivers and lakes),combing with the comprehensive evaluation method and putting forward the corresponding countermeasures. The risk of cultivated land damaged by flooding disasters in China is divided into severe risk, moderate risk and light risk level three class and nine subclasses totally. The result shows that: severe risk class covers an area of 194400 km2, accounting for 15.13% of the cultivated land; Moderate risk class covers an area of 407400 km2, accounting for 31.71% of the cultivated land area; Mild risk class covers an area of 682900 km2, accounting for 53.16% of the cultivated land area. Making a risk grading evaluation to the cultivated land damaged by flooding disasters provides the basic theory basis for flooding disaster prevention, disaster relief, land consolidation planning and the establishment of basic farmland construction standards.

Using the mixed filling reaction column, this article examines that the influence of different inlet flow rate on the removal of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater, respectively by 90mL/h, 150 mL/h, 210mL/h velocity, under 30 °C each run five days, comparativly studies the influence of velocity on denitrification. The results show that the flow rate has an important effect on the denitrification of water, when the water inlet velocity decreased from 150mL/h to 90mL/h, the concentration of nitrate nitrogen reaction column effluent decreased gradually, and the denitrification of nitrite nitrogen accumulation system has been in a low level, but the ammonia nitrogen accumulation only in the flow rate of 90mL/h, began when the flow rate decreased significantly; also increased from 90mL/h to 210mL/h, the effluent nitrate nitrogen concentration, nitrite nitrogen concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration increased significantly.

The tar decomposition of low-pressure ejection type burner was researched. The burner used software to simulate and analyse impact of the nozzle diameter d, the gas flow rate V and the distance of the nozzle to the wall L on tar cracking. The orthogonal test were used for design parameters d, V and L, the optimization values of these three parameters were carried out, and experimental method was used for test the numerical simulation results. Numerical simulation and experimental results showed that the greatest impact on tar cracking is the nozzle diameter d, the minor effect is the distance of the nozzle to the wall L and the weakest effect is the gas flow rate V, and when the nozzle diameter d=4 mm, the distance L=18 mm and the gas flow rate V=0.10 m3/h, the tar cracking is the most efficiency.

A novel cathode material, lithium and natrium decavanadate (Li2Na4V10O28) with three-dimensional tunnels framework structure for lithium ion battery, has been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and followed annealing treatment. The molecule structure and electrochemical properties of the samples have been further characterized. The novel material shows good reversibility for Li+ insertion/extraction and long cycle life. High discharge capacity (262 mAh/g) is obtained at 0.2mA/cm2 discharge current and potential range between 1.5~4.5V vs. Li+/Li. AC impedance for the Li/Li2Na4V10O28 cell reveals that the cathode process is controlled mainly by Li+ diffusionin the active material.

The mechanism for the change in the size of the geometry of graphite crystallites in polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers heat treated at 1500–2500 °C is proposed. The study indicated that the growth transition temperature of graphite crystallites in carbon fibers is 2000 °C. Above 2000 °C, the interlayer space (d002) decreases slowly and an ordered graphitic structure forms. Below 2000 °C, the variation in the size of the crystallites along the directions of the axis (La‖) and the radius (La⊥) of the carbon fibers that were heat treated at various temperatures was almost the same and the crystallite form factor, La‖/La⊥, which is nearly 1. Above 2000 °C, La‖/La⊥ increases rapidly because the anisotropy of the arrangements of the crystallites in the carbon fibers and the geometry of the crystallites change from being square to becoming rectangular. The crystallite thickness (Lc) also increases with an increasing temperature and below 2000 °C the crystallite form factor (La‖/Lc) increases rapidly. Above 2000 °C, the La‖/Lc stabilized at 3.1. The different growth models in the different directions are the intrinsic root for the variations in the crystallite geometries that underwent high-temperature heat treatments.

PbxCd1-xS quantum dots (QDs) was successfully deposited on TiO2 mesoporous film as TiO2 mesoporous photoanode using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method for quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). Quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) were prepared by sandwiching the TiO2 mesoporous photoanode with Cu2S counter electrode. Single layer of PbxCd1-xS, PbS and CdS and multilayer of PbS/CdS/ZnS as well as multilayer PbS/PbxCd1-xS/CdS/ZnS were prepared for characterizations. The characterizations including X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), UV-visible spectrophotometer and Current-density voltage (J-V) measurement were carried out to study the effects of number of SILAR cycles of PbxCd1-xS interlayer for molar fraction, x of 0.2 in QDSSCs. PbxCd1-xS interlayer with four SILAR cycles is incorporated between PbS and CdS layer will increase the efficiency in QDSSCS.

Pyrolysis behavior of a new kind of polybenzoxazine with aldehyde groups was investigated by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (PyGC-MS) at the temperatures ranging from 450°C to 750°C. It was found from the pyrolysis chromatograms that the type and amount of its pyrolysates obviously change with pyrolysis temperature due to various pyrolysis behaviors at different temperatures. From the structures and relative contents of the pyrolysates, the pyrolysis mechanism of the polybenzoxazine was described as follows: the initial degradation reactions occurred mainly at the Cmethylene-N bond, followed by the Cphenyl-C methylene bonds.

A new inorganic nonmetallic cementing material rather than epoxy resin was adopted in carbon fiber sheet (CFS) strengthened concrete beams and slabs in this paper. Firstly, the types of inorganic adhesive were introduced and double-shear tests and the compressive strength of specimens as a function of temperature were studied to prove the effectiveness of inorganic adhesive in CFS strengthened concrete beams and slabs was studied. The practice shows that MPB has good performance when applying at high temperature. RC beams and slabs strengthened with new inorganic adhesives sticked FRP sheets are feasible. The appearance of MPB renders an extensive prospect for carbon fiber sheet (CFS) application in building structure reinforcement.

Heat-cured denture base resin is an important component in removable partial dentures and complete dentures, and has been widely used in the clinic. However, during long-term use, its appearance may be affected by varying degrees of color change, affecting the appearance and longevity of the dentures. In this study we examined the color changes and water absorption and solubility of dental base resins to investigate the color stability of four types of resin materials: New Century, Heraeus, Nissin and BASIS-HI. They were soaked in artificial saliva (as control), red wine, cola, coffee and tea separately at 37°C for 1, 4 or 12 weeks. Results are presented on which the color changes of dental base resin materials were associated with different denture base resins, soak solutions and storage times. We found that most of the dental resins became darker at prolonged immersion time. Heraeus resins showed more significant changes after soaking in red wine for 12 weeks, and its water absorption and solubility values were also greater than those of the other three types of resins. The color changes of New Century, Nissin and BASIS-HI soaked in the four solutions were relatively stable. The information obtained here will help optimize maintenance of dentures and also inform choice of denture materials.

In this paper, the comprehensive property of shielding fabrics was analyzed by the mathematic method-grey cluster analysis. Eight samples of shielding fabrics were selected as research objects in the experiment. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness in different frequencies and wearing comfort, including tensile and bending property, abrasive resistance, permeability and color fastness were measured and then analyzed. Grey cluster analysis was carried out to evaluate the comprehensive property of the chosen samples by eight clustering objects and nine clustering indexes. In the process of data operation, MATLAB7.0 was used to calculate experimental results due to its high efficiency and accuracy. According to cluster analysis results, the eight samples were divided into three gray classes, namely, 2#, 5# belonging to “first-rate”, 4# and 7# belonging to “medium” and 1#, 3#, 6#,8# belonging to “low-rate”.

This paper establishes the HPLC method of determining three nitrophenol isomers in municipal sewage, surface water and tap water. After the sample is filtered and distilled, conduct the monitoring analysis on the distillate with HPLC-DAD and quantify it in external standard method. In the municipal sewage treated in bioanalysis method one type of target object o-nitrophenol is found, whose content is 0.11mg·L-1, no target object is found in all the other samples. This method has the adventages of high separation efficiency and high analysis rate. The experiment result shows that the linear correlation coefficient is above 0.983, the recovery rate lies between 78.6% and 105.2%, the minimum detection limit is 0.05mg·L-1(S/N=3.0).

In order to search effect of osmotic medium on quality of tilapia fillets treated by different kinds of osmotic solution, the changes in pH value, lightness (L*) degree and electrical conductivity (EC) were quantitatively determined during osmotic treatments for fresh tilapia fillets with the osmotic medium (sodium chloride, sucrose),medium concentration (10-30%) and osmotic time (1-5hour) as the independent treatment factors. Results were as follows: (1) L* and pH of the fish fillets were decreased gradually, color darkened slightly, and EC was increased with increase in osmotic time when fresh tilapia fillets were soaked in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and sucrose solution, respectively. (2)Effects of two kinds of osmotic media on quality of fish fillets were different during osmotic treatment period. First, the changes in pH, L* and EC of fish fillets were bigger in the NaCl solution, and smaller changes in the sucrose solution. Second, pH of fish fillets in the NaCl solution was always lower than that of sucrose solution, but EC of fish fillets in the NaCl solution was significantly higher than that of sucrose solution.(3)Highly significant correlation of EC and osmotic time were observed, and the regression equations were established according to the results of influence on EC of fish fillets in the process of osmotic dehydration.

A rapid and sensitive ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method was developed to quantify the principle active components (o-chlorobenzamalononitrile, nonivamide, dihydrocapsaicin) in a variety of aerosol defense sparys obtained from independent distributors of the products. Chromatographic separation of the target ingredients was achieved using UPLC employing a reversed phase C18 column and a stepwise gradient of methanol and distilled water. Quantification of the analytes was achieved using ultraviolet detection at a wavelength of 229nm.The plot of concentration versus peak area was linear over the range of 1.0-100.0ug/ml with a correlation coefficient (r2)≥0.999 for each analyte. The accuracy of the assay ranged from 97% to 105% for all analytes and the quality control samples at 10, 50, 100ug/ml. The inter-assay and intra-assay precision of the method were achieved with a relative standard deviations lower than 3.6%. The results of the analysis demonstrate the degree of variability in the active ingredient content of the sprays.