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Thermoplastic starch/poly (butylene succinate),an entirely biodegradable polymer blend was prepared using a two-step extrusion process. The mechanical properties and thermal behavior of TPS/PBS blends were investigated. The results demonstrated that the strength and elongation at break of TPS/PBS blends were greatly improved with the addition of rPBS in PBS blends due to its contribution in the improvement of interfacial compatibilizing and miscibility.

The flow stress behavior of the 7085 aluminum alloy was studied through single-pass compression experiment by using MMS-300 simulator within temperature range of 300-450°C and strain rate range of 0.01-10s-1. Dynamic recrystallization occurs in hot compression of 7085 alloy and the stress-strain curves are presented as wave with higher deformation temperature and strain rate. Increasing of deformation velocity and reducing temperature results in higher peak stress. Then a mathematical model has been developed to predict the stress-strain curves based on phenomenological representation of the curves and the traditional theories for constitutive equations which incorporate the power law. The constitutive equation expressed in terms of peak stress, peak strain and additional parameters to predict flow stress. The stress-strain curves of 7085 alloy predicted by this model are in good agreement with experimental results.

In this experiment, several coatings, which were used 434L ferrite stainless steel powders and B4C powders as raw material, were prepared under different laser scanning power. The samples of the coatings were detected by XRD and EDS, and observed by OM and SEM. The results are shown as follow: when laser scanning power is 1800W, the cladding layer contains FeB and CrB6, as scanning power increasing, these two phases disappear in cladding layer, and Fe2B and CrB are detected in the layer. Fe2B, CrFeB, (Cr Fe)7C3, Fe-Cr solid solution are found in all samples no matter which laser scanning power are changed to prepare cladding layers The morphology of phases rich boron and carbon transform from an irregular layer-like shape to a cycle-like or a bar-like one with the scanning power increasing.

Graphene paper (GP) with layered structure and highly conductive network is fabricated by a facile technique of vacuum filtration and studied as a single-component and binder-free anode of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The process of fabrication of GP without any binder and high-temperature treatment, in the meantime, great improvement in both the capacity and cycling performance of the GP electrodes have compared with other kinds of traditional graphite electrode materials. Given the simplifying anode fabrication, low manufacturing costs and many electrochemical properties of the GP anode, it is regarded as an excellent anode material of LIB with great promise for its both excellent cycling performance and electrochemical properties. The specific capacity can reach to over 200 mAhg-1after 60 charge-discharge cycles under the current rate of 50 mAg-1.

The objective of the present study was to find the influence of powder feed rate on macroscopic morphology, microstructure and hardness of F313 iron-based alloy clad coatings. Controlling powder feed rate can assist with achieving favorable macroscopic morphology, microstructure and hardness. Four different powder feed rate were used in our experiments to prepare clad coatings. The macroscopic morphology, microstructure and hardness were tested using OM, SEM, and Vickers hardness tester. The study founds decreasing powder feed rate is possible to achieve smoother surface, but at the same time thickness of coatings get thinner. Microstructure of cross sections is divided into inter-dendrites eutectic structure and dendritic matrix. In the upper region the microstructure tends to be formed of cellular-like dendrites whereas in the lower region branch-like dendrites tend to form. Hardness decreases with increasing of powder feed rate generally.

Laser reduction is a facile method for the synthesis of laser converted graphene from graphite oxide (GO) The laser power density of semiconductor laser can effect on the reduced graphene quality. The research on relationship between laser power density and reduction of graphene oxide can help to determine the optimum technology parameter in the synthesis of laser covered graphene.

These paper investigated the relationship between economics development and energy demands based on Energy Kuznets Curve (EFC) in China. The results show that, the prospects of economics and energy demand in China in further will undergo three important stages to 2050.The peak of energy demand maybe around 2035 and the corresponding total energy demand maybe amount 5.7 billion tce. In 2035, the GDP per capital maybe about 17000 (2005 US$) and the urbanization will reach a relative high level. It is urgent for China to take actions to curb the increasing total energy consumption.

The data processing is the important link in the process of various engineering testing and experiment. The theory and method of the data processing are correct will directly affect the accuracy of the efficiency of testing and conclusions. This paper introduces the software written in LaBVIEW to read the data acquisition system. The data of the motorcycle ignition advance Angle and fuel injection advance Angle signal data were collected by MP424 then waveform synthesis, stratified by LaBVIEW processed directly calculate the eigenvalues of the test data, and directly displayed in the chart..It to process collected data provides a new method, this method simplifies the process of data analysis, improve the efficiency of test.

B4C/TiNi mixed powders with different composition (10B4C+90TiNi and 20B4C+80TiNi in wt. %) prepasted on Ti-6Al-4V substrates were scanned by a FL-Dlight02-3000W semiconductor laser to obtain TiBx+TiC reinforced graded composite coatings. The influences of the processing parameters on the microstructure of the coatings were studied. Optimal processing parameters were obtained with laser power (P) 1700W/1900W, laser scanning speed (V) 6.67mm/s and defocus length 310mm. The microstructures and phases of the coatings were analyzed with OM, SEM and XRD respectively. Graded composite coatings with in-situ synthesis of TiC, TiB and TiB2 reinforcements in the matrix of Ti2Ni and TiNi were obtained.

In this article, we used standard dumbbell specimen (SDS), compact tension specimen (CTS) and Double edge notched specimen (DENS) which made of materials of modified double-base propellant to do the uniaxial tensile experiments under different tensile rates. In comparison, three kinds of specimen whoes geometric features are similar with the specimen above but the thickness is smaller, were also used to get the relationship of force (F) and displacement (l). After analysis of these relationship, we confirmed that the plane stress and stress concentration influence the use of EWF method. The experimental results prove that the geometric features of the specimen which are proposed by B.cotterell and J.K.reddel are absolutely right. But for the thicker specimen used by GUAN GONG and other researchers, we can just know the trend is correct, and should do further research to know the influence which specimen’s geometric characteristics bring to experiment.

In this paper, a novel low molecular weight poly (γ-glutamic acid) hydrogels were prepared by chemical method, and their preparation conditions such as poly (γ-glutamic acid) and crosslinker concentration, pH and temperature were studied. When poly (γ-glutamic acid) solution was 18%, pH 4.0, poly (γ-glutamic acid) was crosslinked to yield high water hydrogel with specific water content of 1328 times their dry volume depending on the preparation conditions.

Coupling the force flow field with the phase field model for the isothermal growth of dendrite, Sola algorithm is used to calculate the flow speed and pressure of liquid metal, Using double grid numerical method to reduce the calculation amount of computer simulation, The space factor and time factor are introduced to improve the accuracy of double grid numerical calculation, Taking Al-2%-Cu alloy as an example, the dendrite growth process of the binary alloy under forced convection environment is simulated; The simulation results can capture the real dendrite growth and interactions of the liquid metal flow in the process of dendrite growth under forced convection environment: In the incident flow regions, the dendrite morphology is complex, the secondary dendrite is lush and the growth speed is fast due to the influence of liquid metal flow. In the back flow regions, the growth of dendrite changes the flowing pressure among the liquid metals, it causes the regional complex flow patterns and there are two opposite eddy current; the grow speed of the main branch which grows perpendicular to the initial flow direction is the fastest and presents tilt growth phenomenon. When the space coefficient value is appropriate, the dual mesh method can save calculation time effectively.

In this study, the disadvantage that adhesive layer of piezoelectric bimorph actuator was ignored when model of actuator was developed by predecessors is indicated, according to the actual structure of actuator. Based on the thickness of adhesive layer and substrate, the improved model of adhesive layer that substrate and adhesive layer are combined as one layer called mid layer is proposed. Mathematical model of mid layer can be obtained with theory of composite material, which is then used to develop the model of actuator under electrical load. Another model of actuator is developed as a reference in the same way except with model of adhesive layer used by predecessors, and experiment is also presented later. Performance predicted by these two models of actuator and result measured in the experiment are compared, which comes to a conclusion that model of actuator developed with the improved model of adhesive layer conform to the physical model and is more precise in performance prediction.

The typical working condition and potentiality of energy recovery in construction machinery are discussed. Existing energy recovery techniques in the three types of technology platform are summarized with their features analyzed.The latest engineering results of energy recovery system are introduced. A preview of possible developments and challenge is presented finally. These work will provide useful information for energy recovery in construction machinery and contribute to the development of this field.

Crystal structure and X-ray powder diffraction data for the Al7Cu5Y ternary compound are presented. The compound crystallizes in the body-centered tetragonal with the Al7Fe5Y structure type (space group I4/mmm), the lattice parameters a = 8.6960(9) Å, c = 5.1256(7) Å, V =387.62 Å3, Z =2, ڑx =5.102 g/cm3, F30 = 275.5(0.0033, 33) and RIR =1.23.

The integral diffusion models were established using standardized ecological benefit dependent variable, regional independent variables and stand independent variables. Three important parameters including effective area coefficient, market approximation coefficient and conversion factors (According to the law of substitute goods, State Statistical Yearbook gets a reasonable price of the substitute goods and converts physical forest ecological benefit volume to money factors.). Then forest ecological benefits including water reservation, soil fixation, fertility reservation, C02 absorption, atmosphere purify, microclimate improvement, wind sand suppression, flood and draught mitigation, forest recreation, animal protection, plant protection and noise elimination n State-owned Forest Region in Heilongjiang Province were calculated. The total ecological benefit in study area was 17.91 billions RMB ¥.

A novel graphite/copper alloy-based self-lubricating composite materials were prepared using the powder metallurgy method by composing 663 bronze, Ni, W, nanoAl2O3, MoS2, Ag, CaF2, Sm2O3 as the basic alloy powder and adding 1wt.%, 1.5wt.%, 2wt.%, 2.5wt.%, 3wt.% graphite and nickel coated graphite powder respectively to the composite powder. The microstructure, mechanical properties and friction properties of the samples were studied. The results show that the samples with nickel coated graphite powder have their wettability and the composite structure between graphite and copper alloy matrix is improved. When the content of graphite is 3wt.%, the properties of samples prepared by Ni-coated graphite are improved compared with those prepared by uncoated graphite. The hardness is increased from 34HV to 38HV, the crushing strength is from 116MPa to 151MPa, the friction coefficient is reduced from 0.28 to 0.21, wear loss is reduced from 20mg to 12mg. The samples prepared by Ni-coated graphite have good self-lubricating performance.

Based on the location of the routing protocol because it avoids the shortcomings of flooding mechanisms and has a good scalability, become research focus in frequent changes network topology VANET .GPSR based on node location only for data forwarding, so it is important to vehicle node location information is accurate, directly affect the normal data forwarding. For GPSR algorithm the destination node location inaccuracy problem, this paper introduces the concept of expectation domain to estimate the location of the destination node movement range, and the last hop neighbor node selection of the destination node to join discriminant mechanism. The simulation experimental results show that the improved GPSR protocol has a higher packet delivery rate.

based on the main road into a two lane entrance ramp system the open boundary conditions, using the asymmetric lane changing rules, considering driver behavior characteristics, from standpoint of safety driving ,simulate the entrance ramp system. We get a basic road map different entrance probability of flow, velocity, and analyze the driving safety.compared with reference, and the reference results show that after considering driver behavior, in the ramp at the interface, reduce the interaction with the main ramp,not only the system traffic flow in each section is improved, and but also improve the driving safety.Considering the entrance ramp system driver behavior can be simulated more in line with the running state of the vehicle in real life.

Magnetic resonance wireless power transmission technology is based on the phenomenon of resonant coupling to realize non-contact power transmission via near magnetic field. Based on the mutual coupling model of resonance system, the influence laws of system transmission parameters, such as coil coupling coefficients, load resistance, etc., on the transmission performance are theoretically studied in this paper. The research results shows that the power high-efficiency and high-quality transmission does not depend on the large coil loop coupling coefficient and the working frequencies of maximum power and maximum efficiency transmission do not coincide at most condition. Transmission systems with a high resonance frequency can produce high power and efficiency transmission over short distances. In addition, by increasing the coil diameter or wire diameter can improve the system quality factor, and optimize the energy transmission performance.

A novel complex of [Ag (poa)(bpp)] n (poa:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid;bpp: 1,3-Bis (4-pyridyl) propane) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, X-ray single crystal diffraction. The title complex belongs to Monoclinic system with space group P21/c,a=8.849(4)Å,b=26.654(13)Å,c=9.821(5)Å,α=90°,β=111.257(8)°,γ=90°,V=2158.7(17)Å3,Z=4,Dc=1.619 g/cm3,μ=1.206 mm-1,F(000)=1056. Final indices isR=0.0331,wR=0.0851. Therm al stability and luminescent property of compound have also been nvestigated.

This paper is based on Nagel-Schreckenberg cellular automata model as the foundation, in the open boundary conditions, the traffic vehicle redirecting probability and before lane changing rules get to intersection will produce certain effect to interference with intersection , and so as to builds up the nonsingular cellular automata model. Through the research to redirecting probability, lane changing rules and the settings of traffic lights play a part in traffic flow characteristics, and points out the influence of phase change point position ,and at the same time, traffic lights timing differences can reduce vehicle interference to increase traffic flow, at the same time, play a analysis the critical redirecting probability of traffic flow in controlling significance, and points out the relationship between the critical point of Lane changing probability and traffic flow influence ,and lane-changing rules is correspond to the basic line of vehicles running.

A new algorithm is proposed for interest point detection based on monogenic signal theory in this paper. The detection of stable and informative image points is one of the most important problems in modern computer vision. Phase congruency is a dimensionless measure that remains invariant to changes in image illumination and contrast. A monogenic phase congruency function is constructed using the characteristics to detect interest points in image. The experiment results indicate that different kinds of interest points can be detected and located with good precision, thus the proposed method can be applied over wide classes of images.

Based on the Nagel-Schrekenberg (NaSch) model, a cellular automation model is proposed to describe the mixing traffic flow in a single-lane roundabout with open boundary condition. In this model, the impact of the injection probability and the mixed proportion coefficient on the mixed traffic flow is emphatically studied. Simulation results indicate that the injection probability can change the system density, velocity and flow in a certain range for a constant mixed proportion coefficient. Moreover, for a fixed injection probability, when the injection probability is lower than the critical level, the system average velocity will be more affected by the mixed proportion coefficient, By contrast, the system flow will not change by the mixed proportion coefficient; When the injection probability is higher than the critical level, the mixed proportion coefficient can only change the system density, average velocity and flow in a small range.

Phase field model coupled with flow field is solved by the adaptive finite element method. The simulation results show that the forced flow can induce side-branches though there is no thermal noise. When the flow velocity is low, the symmetry of dendrite morphology is slightly influenced by forced flow. With the increase of flow velocity, the symmetry of dendrite morphology is collapsed completely.

A novel complex of [Ag (bib)(3-pySO3)] n (3-pySO3:3-pyridinesulfonate; bib 1, 4-bis (2-methyl-imidazol-1-yl) butane) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, X-ray single crystal diffraction. The title complex belongs to triclinic system with space group P-1, a=7.8030(16)Å, b=8.0070(16)Å, c=10.742(2)Å,α=84.64(3)°,β=82.33(3)°,γ=82.76(3)°, V=657.8(2)Å3, Z=2, Dc=1.894g/cm3, μ= 1.697mm-1, F(000)= 374. Final indices is R =0.0480, wR =0.1169. Thermal stability and luminescent property of compound have also been investigated.

Coupling the force flow field with the phase field model for the isothermal growth of dendrite multiple grains, Sola algorithm is used to calculate the flow speed and pressure of liquid metal, double grid numerical method was used to reduce the calculation amount of computer simulation, the space factor and time factor were introduced to improve the accuracy of double grid numerical calculation, Taking Al-2%-Cu alloy for example, the dendrite growth process of the binary alloy was simulated under forced convection environment; Simulation results can capture the real dendrite growth and interactions of the liquid metal flow in the process of dendrite growth under forced convection environment: The flow of metal liquid affects the growth morphology of dendrite multi-grain. The flow of liquid metal changes the growth speed of dendrite tip in different directions for each dendrite, the greater of the liquid metal initial flow speed, the worse of dendrite morphology symmetry; different initial flow speeds result in the different distance between each dendrite. The metal liquid forced flow causes the instability of dendrite growth interface, it changes the degree of undercooling, composition, dendrite tip growth rate and the curvature radius of dendrite tip in the dendrite growth forefront interface. For the forefront dendrite growth interface free energy system, the dendrite tip growth speed and curvature radius were adjusted by the competitive growth of dendrite tips, thus reached a new stable state for the interface, which resulted in the emergence of bifurcation in dendrite tips. The liquid metal flow speed between different grains was affected by the relative position and morphology between different grains, and also affected by the initial inflow speed of the liquid metal.

The objective of the present study was to find the influence of laser beam shape on macroscopic morphology and microstructure of single Ni60 laser clad tracks. Laser cladding of Ni60 alloy powder can be used to manufacture and remanufacture backup rollers for the steel industry. Controlling temperature distribution can assist with achieving favorable macroscopic morphology and microstructure. Five different beam profiles were used in our experiment to prepare clad tracks. The beam profiles varied in terms of the ratio of energy densities between the internal and external parts. The macroscopic morphology and microstructure was tested using SEM. The study founds decreasing the ratio is possible to achieve wider clad tracks with a larger cross section area. It was found that microstructure in upper region tended to form net-like dendrite microstructure at low energy density ratios.

For the question of surface density controlled by manual measurement in production process and low quality and inefficiency, we designed the on-line monitoring and control system based on capacitive sensor. The principle is capacitive sensor can convert the surface density variation to the capacitance variation, after operational amplifier, rectifier circuit and filter circuit we can get the voltage signal related to surface density of lithium battery pole piece. The voltage signal through the A/D input module into the PLC for data processing, according to the results we can adjust the coat blade degree real-time. This will achieve the purpose of surface density uniformity. Using this system to replace traditional methods, the lithium battery pole piece surface density can be measured in intelligent, controlled in real-time and non-contact mode with high precision. And this system can improve the quality of lithium battery and the production efficiency, also with great reliability and feasibility.

ZL101A Al-Si Alloy was processed of anode oxidation by DC Pulsed power, the film thickness and micro-structure were investigated with the electrolyte concentration, oxidation time and other technical parameters; the chemical composition of the film, the phase composition and the micro-hardness were tested. The results showed that the better technical parameters of making oxide film were:anode voltage was 16 V, current density was 1 A/dm2, sulfuric acid concentration was 140 g/L, oxidation time was 30 min, film thickness was 12 μm; the Al phase, Si phase and β-Al2O3phase were showed by XRD of the film; and the micro-hardness of the film was 288 HV0.05.

The flow stress behavior of the 7075-T6 aluminum alloy was studied through single-pass compression experiment by using MMS-300 simulator within temperature range of 300-450°C and strain rate range of 0.01-40s-1. Then a simulation of compression was carried out and the influence of deformation velocity on load and deformation heating was investigated according to the relationship between stress and strain. The results show that dynamic recrystallization occurs in hot compression of 7075-T6 alloy and the stress-strain curves are presented as wave. Furthermore, the flow stress curves have the same wave period and the fluctuation range increases with an increase of strain rate and a decrease of strain. Increasing of deformation velocity results in higher critical strain but the value decreases when the deformation velocity is much higher. The temperature rise increases with the increase of deformation velocity and decrease of deformation temperature. The maximum of temperature rise is more than about 30°C, so that the deformation heating is significant.

In this paper, a three-dimensional dynamic simulation model is established for a laser heating process taking into account heat flow by conduction and a temperature dependent specific heat capacity in the material. An unorthodox laser beam profile is characterized by two simple beam shape parameters in the model; the difference in energy distributions between the centre and outer edge of the beam and between the leading and trailing edges of the beam is varied by an adjustment of these parameters. In this way, laser surface heating with unorthodox beam profiles is simulated and studied using COMSOL Multiphysics finite element modeling software.

With the rapid economic development, China is experiencing increased land contamination and lead poisoning problem in recent years, which is no longer restricted to isolated incidents and locations. There is an urgent need to remediate the lead contaminated soils to protect the publics health. However, contaminated land remediation and determination of remediation target value has been neglected for years. In order to accommodate uncertainties within the conservative point estimation of remediation target value for lead contaminated soils, Monte Carlo simulation technique is integrated into the traditional calculation model from a probabilistic perspective. Risk-based remediation target values for lead contaminated soils of different land use types (including school/hospital, residential, business and industrial use) are developed preliminarily. Furthermore, this study highlights the necessity to determine the remediation target value on the basis of actual (i.e. site-specific) risks to humans and, besides, actual risks due to contaminant migration.

As the biggest producer and the second largest consumer of lead in the world, China is facing serious conflict between rapid economic development and environmental deterioration caused by lead pollution. Our analysis results show that lead poisoning accidents increased sharply since 2005, and there is growing concern that children remain at risk from lead exposure. Accordingly, sustainable resource management and pollution control of lead is of great significance. As the first step, substance flow analysis (abbreviated as SFA) models of lead flows in both economic subsystem and environmental subsystem are established by using top-down approach in this study. Then the situation of production, consumption and emission of lead resources can be revealed. This study provides the most detailed depiction of lead flows within a regional level, and it is essentially important for the future analysis and management of lead resource. Furthermore, environmental simulation models, risk assessment models, Crystalball software and GIS tool are proposed to be integrated on the same platform to recognize the pollution situation, corresponding population risk and major exposure pathways in the study region. This new perspective extends the traditional method of substance flow analysis of lead, not only important for the improvement of lead resource efficiency, but also supporting the pollution prevention policy making.

IRN (injection-rolling nozzle) is the key component of the new Polymer CIDR (Continue Injection Direct Rolling) process, and it has higher requirements than the metal roll-casting nozzle. In order to achieve uniform exit velocity, a new type of structure of the flow channel which is called IRN flow channel structure is designed by combining with the two traditional flow channel characteristics, i.e. the fishtail and coat-hanger flow channel. Then numerical simulation was used to calculate the fluid field in IRN flow channel and analyze 3D flow phenomenon and characteristics. The simulation results show that it has a uniform exit velocity of the IRN flow channel with the value of about 0.06m/s.

a new method for rapid detection of formaldehyde has been developed in this research. Under this method, the formaldehyde solution has condensation reaction with 4-amino-3-hydrazine-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (AHMT) and is oxidized by potassium periodate to produce purple chemical compounds. The method for rapid detection of the formaldehyde content in textiles has been optimized after researching primary influencing factors and considering the specimen extraction effect in GB/T 2912.1-2009.This method is sensitive, accurate and fast, taking only 12.5min, 9.6 times faster than the method provided in GB/T 2912.1-2009.

The thermogravimetry - differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and theoretical analysis method of Coats-Redfern were employed to study the pyrolysis process and kinetics characteristics of mixture containing lime-mediated sewage sludge and gas ash, then sintering cup test the different proportion of mixture ball. It was found that the pyrolysis process of mixture from indoor temperature 1200°Ccould divided into 4 the weight loss stages, which brings a large number of heat and CaO, Fe2O3. Base on the results of Coats-Redfem integration method, the pyrolysis process of mixture under air atmosphere was belongs to two-class reaction. Sintering cup test show that lime-mediated sewage sludge and gas ash replacing part of the sintering ingredients is feasible.

Anomaly detection has been a field of intensive research over the last years. Along with that several works to evaluate anomaly detectors have been proposed. In this paper we argue four properties regarding ideal evaluation methodologies that cannot be answered by single current evaluation technique employed today. We therefore present an framework of an evaluation methodology that leverages traces from operational networks, simulation and emulation to satisfy the four properties.

Access control has vital significance in cloud computing, where data files are stored in the cloud server. In current schemes, the cloud server typically needs to consult the backend authorization server, when processing access control request from data users. This will put a heavy burden on the authorization server, and therefore introduce Denial-of-Service attack on it. To address this issue, this paper models the access control requirement in cloud computing, and designs a distributed access control scheme. Its security features and efficiency are analyzed. The results show that our scheme is quite improved, because it separates the authorization process from the access control process, and releases the authorization server from the access control process. By doing so, the burden on the authorization server is reduced, and the Denial-of-Service attacks on it during access control process are avoided.

According to working conditions of guizhou alumina plant, the influence of sodium sulfate impurity on the seed precipitation process was studied. The results showed that the seed decomposition rate decreased with the increasing of the sodium sulfate content, and when the additive amount of Na2SO4was lower, the sodium sulfate can facilitate the agglomeration of aluminium hydroxides, when the additive amount was too high, sodium sulfate can make the granularity of the product fine finally.

The resource utilization of red mud had become a hot topic. The sintered red mud brick was researched by many people because the large quantity of red mud would be used and the treatment cost was very low. Combining with the research literatures in recent years, thermodynamic datum of chemical reactions at high temperature were calculated, which provide reference for the feasibility of sintering red mud brick, And it was found that increasing sintering temperature could reduce efflorescence.

The article mainly studies the micro electric vehicles shock absorbing coil spring. For its actual working conditions, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to analyze the nonlinear of the spring. The large deformation and the contact between flexible surface and flexible surface should be considered in the nonlinear analysis. And we get the spring stress, displacement etc. Then the results are reprocessed. For the shock absorbing coil spring used in the micro electric vehicles, there are no improved research methods and theoretical support, this study provides the basis for optimization design and selection of the shock absorbing coil spring.

The sintered brick was prepared with combining red mud and sale, as well as the sintered activation materials that were some industrial wastes. The effects of red mud content on property of sintered red mud-shale brick would be researched in this paper. The results showed when the ratio of red mud : sale : the sintered activation materials was 50:35:15, the sintered brick could meet the requirements of grade-A according to GB5101-2003, and the compressive strength reach MU25. The XRD showed that the main ingredient had been transformed into stabilized gehlenite, wollastonite and nepheline, as well as more glass phase and remained quartz.

The subway line will cross near the church St. Johann in the city. The foundation influence caused by tunnel construction from adjacent buildings will be simulated by software FLAC3D. And the feasible proposal of the construction will be resulted from the data which are collected from the field measurement and simulation. It plays an important role for coefficient of horizontal pressure K0 in simulating the geotechnical engineering. Comparing the data from the field measurement with simulation, the coefficient of horizontal pressure will be corrected. And the results of the simulation will be much closer to the real profiles.

Two identical segmented nozzles, consisting of graphite inserts and insulated with glass-fiber reinforced composites in the convergent and divergent sections, are used in the firing test at same operating condition. Due to the different thermal resistance ability, steps are formed at the interface of two materials. More specifically, the forward-facing step presents at the interface in the convergent section while the step in the divergent section is backward-facing and located at a certain distance downstream from the interface. This can be attributed to the opposite sequence of contact with the flow at the interfaces. The erosion rates, following the distribution of Reynolds number, exhibit an upward trend in the convergent section and decrease in the divergent section for both silicon phenolic and graphite. In addition, the graphite recession reaches the maximum value in the throat region. Along the cross-flow direction, the erosion rates are basically the same because the flow structure in the nozzle nearly axisymmetric. For the graphite nozzle insert, a correlation was developed in terms of chamber pressure, Reynolds number and nozzle geometry. The calculated erosion rates from the correlation showed agreement within 5% of the experimentally determined values.

As withstanding very high loads, thermal cycling leading to thermal fatigue, and severe environmental in the steel industry, rolls with long service life are specially required. High speed steel with high vanadium content is a newly-developed wear-resistance material that has been studied and used in some countries for making steel rolls. As a surface treatment technology, laser cladding can fabricate coating to improve the wear resistance of substrate. In this paper, the substrates for laser cladding were nodular cast iron rolls, Nd: YAG solid pulsed laser was used to explore the feasibility of preparation high vanadium high speed steel (HVHSS) coatings. The Nd: YAG laser cladding results that the coated layers combined metallurgically with the substrate with a lot of microcracks. The average microhardness up to 650 HV is more than 2 times as high as that of the substrate. After laser remelting, a fully dense and crack free HVHHS coating with an excellent metallurgical bonding was deposited. The presence of VC in the coating mainly improves the microhardness of coating up to about 650 HV.

In this paper, the mathematical models of gas dynamics, combustion and heat transfer and dispersed phase were established for the glass furnace combustion space, according to the practical glass furnace and operation condition, the computer simulation of the glass furnace was made; the simulation results coincided with the facts. On the base the influence of particle size of petroleum coke and oxygen-enriched combustion on the furnace combustion has been simulated.

The temperature control including environmental temperature, preheating temperature, post-heating temperature is the main factors to reduce the welding residual stresses and lower heat influence zone at welding line. Their three relationship are discussed in this article, and optimized by the means of the field test and practical operation, a series of construction points and supporting measures has be summarized at the ‘Dun-huang station project’ and ‘Yu-zhu project’ , which is proved very effective and can be applied at the similar environmental district.

Plasma spraying rapid making of functionally graded mold is an effective preparation method. In this paper, finite element method simulation of the plasma spray process a single droplet deformation and matrix effects in the process. Studies have shown that: speed large solidification time is short, more conducive to the formation of the coating; speed large residual thermal stress is small; preheat temperatures are high, the particle flattening effect, The research results will provide theoretic basis for improving spraying coating quality.

The concept of maximal and minimal displacement value of the electron-beam was proposed considering the influence of space charge effect based on the displacement value of the electron-beam in the process of magnetic deflection scanning in the ideal condition. The deduction of mathematical model of the maximal and minimal displacement value was accomplished. The position of the beam spot can be more accurately controlled by the model, thus it is made sure that un-molten metal is bombarded by the beam spot accurately, which can increase the melt quality.