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Chloromethylated polysulfone (PSF-Cl) porous microspheres were prepared with non-solvent induced phase inversion method for the immobilization of acidic ionic liquid ([MIMBS][HSO4]). FT-IR, SEM, and 1H-NMR were used to characterize the structure and property of polysulfone porous microsphere supported ionic liquid (PSF-ILs). The results showed that acidic ionic liquid was supported onto the PSF-Cl porous microspheres by covalent bond. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibited a good catalytic activity with about 57% acetic acid conversion rate after 8h reaction. After the catalyst was reused for 7 times in the synthesis of ethyl acetate, the yield only decreased 6%.

This article presents the progress on characterization of the interfacial interaction between sulfur oxidizing microbes and sulfide minerals by using of synchrotron radiation-based techniques including S/Fe/Cu X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping and micro-scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (μ-STXM) imaging, together with other accessory approaches such as SEM/EDS, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods as well as comparative proteomics methodology.

Differential utilization of isomers pyrite and marcasite by Acidianus manzaensis were comparatively studied, besides the iron and sulfur speciation transformation of the minerals was also investigated based on synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The results showed that the biooxidation of pyrite was faster than marcasite. The bioleached surface of both pyrite and marcasite are serious corroded, and the Fe (III)-containing species as well as jarosite were gradually produced, and more elemental sulfur species were formed on the marcasite surface than that for pyrite. It demonstrates the mineral structure does affect the biooxidation of pyrite and marcasite, and the more precipitated elemental sulfur might be one of the reasons leading to lower oxidation rate of marcasite by A. manzaensis.

The bioleaching experiments of chalcopyrite were conducted with single and mixed mesophiles (30 °C) and moderate thermophiles (45 °C) and extreme thermophile (65 °C), respectively, and analyzed by synchrotron radiation (SR) based X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The results showed that the copper extraction of chalcopyrite could be significantly promoted by bioleaching microorganisms, and the promotion effects for both the mixed cultures grown at different temperature and the different cells grown at the same temperature were significantly different. The surface of chalcopyrite after bioleached by the mixed or sole cultures are serious corroded and became complicated. More S0 was found to form in the sole cultures of specific iron-oxidizing microorganism L. ferrooxidans and L. ferriphilum and sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms A. thiooxidans and A. caldus cultures. Jarosite and secondary minerals (chalcocite and covellite) were detected for the mixed cultures and sole cultures of iron/sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms. The evolution of chalcocite and covellite were just relevant to the potential of leaching solution, no matter which cultures were used, where chalcocite could be formed at Eh value less than 500 mV and then converted to covellite at Eh value ~550 mV.

The in situ relevance of micro- structure and electrochemical properties of chalcopyrite to adsorption of thermoacidophilic bioleaching Archaea Acidianus manzaensis was studied. In this study, the electrochemical behavior of chalcopyrite was first investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) to get suitable initial reduction and oxidation potentials, at which electrochemical corrosions of chalcopyrite for several time were performed, respectively, to get specific surface micro-structures. The specific adsorption of A. manzaensis on the electrochemically corroded chalcopyrite surface was then comparatively studied. The changes of microstructure and chemical composition/speciation on the surface of chalcopyrite before and after electrochemical treatment and bio-adsorption was characterized by scanning electron microscopy/electron dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and synchrotron radiation-based X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) and Fe, Cu K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The results showed that the suitable initial oxidation and reduction of chalcopyrite electrode were at 0.67 V for 1h and -0.54 V for 10 min, respectively. After treated at 0.67V the surface of chalcopyrite became Cu-deficient with a composition of CuFe1.02S2.15, and bornite (Cu5FeS4) was detected. While after treated at -0.54V, the surface became Fe/S-deficient, with a composition of CuFe0.33S0.81, and a mass of chalcocite and some covellite were detected. Comparing to the original chalcopyrite, the adsorption capacity of A. manzaensis was increased on the surface of oxidation-treatment at 0.67 V, and decreased on the surface of reduction-treatment at -0.54 V. It clearly demonstrates the bornite-containing copper deficient chalcopyrite surface was more preferably adsorbed, whereas the chalcocite-containing Fe/S deficient chalcopyrite surface was less adsorbed by A. manzaensis, indicating the dependence of the specific adsorption of A. manzaensis upon the secondary minerals as well as Fe/S availability in the microstructure of chalcopyrite.

Aluminum cables are playing an increasingly important role in power transmission system, in which the “rare-earth high-iron aluminum alloy power cables were developed in China. In this paper, the effects of B on grain refinement of high-iron aluminum alloy were studied by using OM (optical microscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), EDX (energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy) and XRD (X-ray diffraction). And the conductivity of high-iron aluminum alloy was also tested. The results showed that B could take significant effects on grain refinement and promote the increase of conductivity. The refinement may be mainly due to the eutectic reaction in solidification process and the formation of AlB2 particles. The optimal concentration of B was determined as 0.06 wt. %.

The probability distribution of electrical characteristic parameters of semiconductor device is an important reference which is used to analyze the reliability and quality consistency of devices. These distributions are considered as normal distribution at home and abroad. This paper utilized mature GaAs MESFET low noise amplifier as analytic sample which is volume production and wide application, and used high-precision Agilent B1505A device analyzer to test main electrical characteristics of 408 samples. After the distribution generation of test results, the Skewness-Kurtosis method was used to analyze probability distributions of the results. At last, the conclusion of distribution of measuring parameter is non-normal distribution was educed.

Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) is a core component in pedestrian navigation. Usually, PDR algorithms use the current position and movement information to figure out position in the future in order to accomplish the navigation task. Step detection, as a basic portion of PDR, is significant for the implementation of Pedestrian Navigation. In this paper, a step detection algorithm is designed based on the existing research in the relative area. To improve accuracy, the algorithm involves a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) for optimizing. At last, an experiment is conducted for this algorithm, and the error rate of step detection is less than 1%.

Water scarcity is a critical issue in most regions of China; however, river basin groundwater monitoring is extremely limited.This study evaluates the ability of the GRACE satellites and Global Land Data Assimilation System(GLDAS) to monitor groundwater storage in the Yellow River Basin and Yangtze River Basin, China, which is subjected to intense irrigation, production and living. The simulated terrestrial water storage change data which was calculateed by Global Land Data Assimilate System was used to compare the accuracy of GRACE data. Results show that both two datas show significant seasonal cycle in the Yangtze River and Yellow River (except frozen soil), the correlation is 0.89 and 0.84(p

Through the analysis of harmonics caused by transformer, capacitor, electromagnetic voltage transformer and other accident, harmonics is an important indicator of power quality, which has been included in the “pollution" of power grid is found. In order to understand the harmonic, this paper from the concept of quality of electric energy, and then gradually extended to the field of harmonics. This paper firstly introduces the various reasons and equipment may produce harmonic, Secondly, illustrate harm of harmonic to operation of transformers, capacitors, electromagnetic voltage transformers and other electrical equipment, let more people know and understand the relevant knowledge of the harmonic, In order to save technical force and provide scientific basis for future effective harmonic.

They rarely involve deep-seated score analysis in the existing teaching management software, Therefore, we can not evaluate science teaching, Based on this, This article uses the Struts framework and Hibernate framework to design Student Performance Analysis System based on MVC pattern, it Proposed optimization algorithm based on standard score, We can achieve student achievement statistics and analysis with it, This algorithm can better reflects relative position that the individual is in groups, and has a certain scientific. Experimental results show that the system has a good safety and openness, and provides support information for academic departments to promote better teaching work, and finally improve the quality of teaching.

With the popularization and promotion of the Internet, ASP.NET has gradually become the mainstream of development platform for WEB application. At present, most colleges and universities have opened the door for students majoring in computer courses. Because of the complex of ASP.Net teaching and the teaching target key requirement to cultivate the students’ ability of practice, the traditional mode is not applicable to the teaching of Theory of teaching. So, this article made based on the project - driven ASP.Net Teaching. By teachers in selecting suitable project topics, the teacher according to the project needs to explain the knowledge of ASP.NET and ultimately by the students to complete the design and development of the entire project in teaching. Practice has proved that the project-based driving teaching method for students’ active learning teaching content and improve students' ability to analyze and solve problems.

The human risks of As and heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd and Hg) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Xining, China is investigated here in this study. Cu, As and Pb are the most abundant elements in stationary monitoring station for atmospheric pollution and mountain Najia. As, Pb and Cr are the most abundant elements in the park of organisms and Xining Special Steel between the studied metals and metalloids in PM2.5. Pb and As showed a higher bio-accessibility. It has been shown that the carcinogenic risks of As, Cd, Cr and Ni in PM2.5 via dermal contact and inhalation exposure are within the acceptable level (-4) for both children and adults, but there is a potential carcinogenic risk posed by Pb via ingestion. As for non-carcinogenic health risks, the hazard index values for all the studied elements suggested no health risks via ingestion and dermal contact, but a potential one via inhalation of adults. Values of hazard quotient and hazard index indicated the non-carcinogenic risks from the studied metals and metalloids to children via ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation pathways during heating period in Xining given the present air quality .

Over-voltage in the power system can be caused by a lot of reasons , including higher frequency ferromagnetic resonance overvoltage which occurs in normal operation and causes great harm. Overvoltage events often result in damages to electrical equipment or even power outages . In this paper,ferromagnetic resonance is analyzed to study harm , causes, conditions , and phenomena and to handle resonance and develop practical preventive measures. The related analysis is important to work for the future operation of the power grid to prevent and limit the ferromagnetic resonance over voltage which provides some help to further ensure the safety and stable operation of the power grid .

The flow characteristic and differential pressure-flow of outlet blockage fault and trouble-free for control valve are simulated by CFD. The study shows that the vortex at the bottom of control valve outlet is main reason for the outlet blockage fault, relative gain of flow characteristic curve for outlet blockage is increased, the flow percentage of outlet blockage compared with trouble-free is maximum value at relative opening is 60% and 100%, the pressure - flow percentage reaches maximum value at differential pressure is 800 kPa.

Hot Deformation behaviors and microstructural evolution of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with as-homogenized, as-forged and as-over-aged starting structures were studied at temperatures in the range of 300-420°C, strain rates in the range of 0.01-1s-1, and reductions in the range of 20%-80% by high-temperature compression tests. The flow stresses increase with increasing strain rate or decreasing temperature, which can be described by a hyperbolic-sine equation with the deformation activation energies of 246.35KJ/mol, 188.87KJ/mol and 178.25KJ/mol for the homogenized, the forged and the over-aged samples respectively. At the same deformation condition, the flow stress of the homogenized samples is greater than that of the forged and over-aged samples. For the homogenized samples, dendritic coarse grains elongated along the deformation direction, and interdendritic boundaries within coarse grains disappeared gradually due to diffusion at higher temperatures. When deformation is heavy, microstructures became into homogenous and geometric recrystallization occurs and new small grains appear within the severe elongated grains. For the forged samples, higher temperatures promote dynamic recrystallization. Recrystallized new small grains were developed along prior grain boundaries at large strains. For the over-aged samples, prior grains elongated along the deformation direction, and there is not much more dynamic recrystallized grains observed.

PM2.5 is one of the most important components in air pollution. It is also the focus of the most closely watched at home and abroad. Based on its small size, complex components, and strongenvironmental activity, it can be used as a carrier for chemicals, heavy metals, bacteria, toxins and carcinogens into the body. Then, as a result, it will affect Human Body Health. Heavy metals are important components of PM2.5, and the long-term accumulation of heavy metals in PM2.5 poses a great threat on human health and the environment. This paper reviewed the sources, distribution methods,chemical form, detection methods, disposal way, research progress of heavy metals in PM2.5. As a result, it provided a reference for in-depth study on the future.

Internal flow field and noise of outlet blockage fault and trouble-free for control valve are studied by CFD. The study shows that the pressure of front-end and back-end for blockage is respectively increased, but the upper pressure is reduced. Two strong vortexes are formed at front-end and back-end of blockage, which reduce noise of pipe after valve.

Being a complex industry, the importance of safety of nuclear power industry has been emphasized and the security in its development process has become an issue of concern and controversy. Once there has any serious safety accidents in nuclear power industry, the consequences will be difficult to restore. Therefore, the emergency management of nuclear power has an important significance. Based on the review of application of information technology in nuclear power emergency management in the world, this paper initially puts forward a comprehensive Web-based information management model for nuclear emergency according to the classic four phases of emergency management which are prevention and emergency preparedness, monitoring and early warning, emergency response and rescue, post-recovery and reconstruction.

In interest-based structured P2P networks, the load unbalance problem restricts the performance of the network. To solve this problem, A Topology-based Load-Balancing Algorithm called T-LB is presented. It adopts the concept of virtual server, defines balancing domain as nodes with same interest, determine the Q value of each node according to the characteristics of the network topology, and then dynamically distribute network load based on the Q value of nodes. Simulation results show that T-LB improves the proportion of non-overloaded nodes to from 65% to 86%, reduces the average information query delay, and improves the performance of the network.

Focusing on the problem that the modern anti-riot helmet has been revealed a number of deficiencies such as poor performance under impact, the material of helmet shell is analyzed based on numerical simulation in this paper. A finite element model of anti-riot helmet and simple finite element models of head, trunk and blunt object are established by CAD software and ABAQUS software. PP, PC and ABS are chosen as three different engineering plastics for anti-riot helmet shell material, and then carry a numerically simulation on the process of anti-riot helmet impact moment. Results show that the overall system kinetic energy curves present overall downward trends firstly, then present irregular waves with smaller ups and downs. PC is a more excellent helmet material while comparing to PP and ABS.

A kind of hill-like black silicon have been designed and fabricated by using the combination method of KOH anisotropic etching and gold-assisted HF etching. Pillars array on the surface of a silicon sample was obtained by KOH etching with a SiNx film dots pattern used as a mask. The sample was then etched in the oxidant HF solution catalyzed by Au nanoparticles for 5 minutes. The etched sample appears dark black. This black silicon is orderly hill-like textures in micro-scale with density nanopores on them. It can suppress the reflection to less than 4% in wavelength range from 250nm to 1000nm, and to about 2.5% at the wave number of 2000-4000 cm-1. It also has high additional absorption in IR range.

Since safety of roadway and steady of rock depend on bolt and cable supporting quality [~[, it is important to evaluate timely bolt and cable supporting quality that monitors tension state of bolt and cable. With separated type design, the monitoring instrument, which is to monitor tension of multiple survey point and separation type Bolt and Cable, is made up of tension of bolt and cable sensor and secondary measuring instrument. This paper focuses on the composition and the basic principle of the tension of bolt and cable sensor structure, the composition of secondary measuring instrument structure and functional partition of the chips and circuit theory of the monitoring instrument. This paper introduces the concrete implementation way and the conditions of usage of the monitoring instrument and introduces the monitor in the application of the auxiliary slot of 22301 working face of Shen Dong coal group Shi Ge Tai ore.

Under small water-intake flow or overhaul periods, sediments deposit in the water intake pipeline with noncircular flow cross-section formed. According to the hydrostatic settling test results of fine sediments in circular pipeline, the sectional features of the deposition on pipe bottom is provided. And the vertical velocity profiles on perpendicular bisectors of noncircular flow cross-sections are measured under three kinds of typical deposition thickness. The relative positions of the maximum velocity point and the center of flow cross-section should be determined with an overall consideration to the two factors of wall roughness and wall restraint which is controlled by the transverse width of flow cross-section. When the mean velocity of flow cross-section keeps a constant value, the larger the deposition thickness is, the larger the velocity near the deposition surface, which is more favorable for sediment incipient motion.

Shuangliu mine is located in the middle of Hedong coalfield, Lvliang City , Shanxi Province. It is one of the typical NorthChinaType coalfields. The upper strata of the lower-group coal seams (8#, 9# seam) have several thin-layer limestones of the Taiyuan Formation, and the underlying strata of the lower-group coal seams have thick Ordovician limestone. Water inrush accident has ever happened in other mine in its vicinity. Therefore, whether the lower-group coal seams could be mined safely is related to the medium-and long-term program and sustainable development of Shuangliu Mine. Based on experimental study of physical and mechanical properties of main rocks of the roof and floor of the under-group coal seams, and the application of "Up Three Zone" Theory of coal seam roof (the caving zone, water flowing fractured zone and bending sinking zone), "Down Three Zone" Theory of coal seam floor (mining damage zone, water-resisting zone, water-conductive zone) and Water inrush coefficient Theory, we analyzed the water inrush risk and divided potential dangerous subareas of water inrush from coal seam floor while mining lower-group coal seams. The research findings can provide scientific basis for mining design and safe mining of lower-group coal seams in Shuangliu Coal Mine.

The depth variations of soil physicochemical properties in the degraded native grasslands and the artificially restored grasslands were studied in the Three-river headwater areas of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, China. The results showed: (1) With the increase of the gradient of restoration years, soil water content, total chemical properties, total potassium, phosphorus, available phosphorus and potassium were increased thereafter in the artificial grasslands. (2) With the increase of grassland degradation gradient, soil water content was gradually reduced, and the total N, K, the organic matter didnt gradually reduced also. (3) Both restoration years and degradation degree didnt influence the nutrient distribution in soil. (4) The organic matter, total N and K of degraded grassland were increased by artificial grassland construction. Therefore, artificial grassland construction canbe used as an effective measure of ecological projects in the Three-river headwater area.

Gelatin was extracted from tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) scale after decalcification. The content of protein in the gelatin was 92.5% (w/w). The amount of imino acids (proline and hydroxyproline) was 167 residues per 1000 residues. Its gel strength, melting point and degradation temperature were 271 g, 27.0 °C and 59.7 °C, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra showed that the intensity of major absorption bands in the gelatin was higher than that in bovine bone gelatin. The gelatin had visible β-component and degradation fragments.

A quick and accurate HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of two bioactive triterpenes, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Paulownia leaves. The samples were analyzed on a Shim-pack ODS-CLC (M) (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) column kept at 21 °C, using the methanol and aqueous phase containing 0.05%phosphoric acid with the volumetric ratio of 91.7:8.3 as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/ min, and the detection wavelength was set at 210 nm. The method was validated and applied to the simultaneous quantification of the two triterpenes in Paulownia leaf extract. The standard curves were established in the range of 0.44 ~ 8.75 μg for oleanolic acid and 0.92 ~ 18.37 μg for ursolic acid. The contents of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in leaves of Paulownia were determinated using the HPLC method and the contents were 3.87 mg/g and 13.61 mg/g, respectively.

In estuarine and coastal area, due to the colligated function of tide, runoff, wind and wave, suspended sediment profile in main flow direction varies from the inland river. Thus, combined with massive data sets from experiments in flume and observations in field, the study on the profile of concentration of suspended sediment are carried out in the thesis. Finally, 3D numerical model of turbulent sediment is established in estuarine and coastal area to carry out a simulation research on current and sediment movement in Yangtze River estuary.

The nonlinear optical properties of a novel AgGa1-xInxSe2 crystal were investigated. Its absorption coefficients and band gap were determined at wavelength 0.8-19 μm. The coefficients of its Sellmeier dispersion equations were calculated by using linear interpolation based on the Sellmeier equations of pure AgGaSe2 and AgInSe2. The corresponding phase matching curves for the second harmonic generation (SHG) of CO2 laser radiation were calculated and plotted. The walk-off angle and accept angle curves were also determined and plotted. The measured phase matching angle θm and acceptance angle δθ·L are 68.5° and 3.66°·cm respectively for sample AgGa1-xInxSe2 (x=0.2).

t proposed to set up dual network coordinator to improve the network reliability through the analysis for the Zigbee network topology structure, and then gave the flowchart of the network topology initialization in this paper. The primary and the secondary coordinator mutual backup when initialized.

For self-polishing coating with cuprous oxide serving as the main antifouling agent, the release rate of copper ions is one of the most important factors to evaluate its antifouling effect and validity period. In this work, experimental research was carried out involving the release rate as well as the panels in shallow submergence of antifouling paints with nanoadditives. The results indicated that the prepared coating with a slow and steady release rate in range of 20 to 25μg/(d·cm2) had a long-term and efficient antifouling performance. Synergistic effect of the photocatalysis activity of nanotitanium dioxide and the sterilization ability of cuprous oxide contributed to the antifouling effect in view of the evaluation of the antifouling panels in shallow submergence.

This paper firstly describes the medical information with the rapid development of new medical reform, with the popularity of the 3G network, the mobile remote emergency custody has gradually developed in all the country.Then for the usual remote emergency cares business processes were introduced, and describes the function about remote emergency care business in the ambulance, first aid center and the hospital side, leads to the emergence care in the wartimes significance is larger than it in normal. For remote wartime emergency care, analyses from the first aid center, ambulance and first aid scene, the scene PAD terminal and hospital.Finally concluded that need to enhance related functionality and roles of the wartime remote emergency care, for meet the high requirements of wartime emergency care, 3G high-speed networks, telecommunication security encryption, integrated multi-system, data standards harmonization is a highly efficient and reliable for the wartime remote emergency care.

Rosin has been recognized as one of the most important renewable resources in the forest chemical industry. It is a complex mixture of acidic and neutral compounds. The isolation method, derivation and modification of rosin acids were summarized mainly, such as isomerization, disproportionation, hydrogenation, maleation and esterification of rosin acids were reviewed. It is considered that the derivation and modification of rosin acids is the most important way to use rosin in higher value.

Chinese gum rosin were digested by microwave-assisted sample digestion, and then the metal and semimetal elements in it were detected by inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Most metal and semimetal elements mass fractions in gum rosin are less than 5.0mg/kg, among which mass fractions of Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na are relatively higher. Some metal and semimetal elements in gum rosin may influence auto-oxidative rate to bring about color changing.

TiZrN thin films have been prepared on high speed steel by using magnetron sputtering. Doping amounts of Zr were adjusted by changing the sputtering time of the Zr target. X-ray diffraction analyses show that TiZrN coatings consist of mixed crystals of TiN, TiZrN phases. The film microhardness first increases and then decreases with the increasing of Zr doping amount. With the same Zr doping amount, the microhardness of the samples will improve with the increasing of doping times.

This paper presents a relay selection method for radio and television business, this method uses nodes time-delay and power information, obtains the value of network interrupt as decision threshold, then selects the relay node. At same time this paper proposes an optimal relay selection strategy which can minimize the network interrupt probability combination with power distributionMulti-Path Relay Routing Protocol, this protocol can change the appropriate route path according to the dynamic network. Simulation results show that this protocol can extend cells coverage area, reduce time-delay and increase system throughput, improve system spectral efficiency, and enhance Qos of radio and television business.

With the tremendous advances in mobile computing and communication capabilities, rapid proliferation of mobile devices, increasing powerful functions, and decreasing device costs, we are seeing a explosively growth in mobile e-commerce in various consumer and business markets. On the basis of analyzing demands of both buyers and seller in mobile e-commerce, the paper put forward a novel concept and technological framework of Location Based Services (LBS) driven mobile e-commerce. Some LBS related functions, in mobile device terminal, of the prototype system based on the architecture put forward are implemented. Also, some key issues of LBS based mobile e-commerce, such as positioning accuracy and new privacy and security risks, are discussed in detail.

The 5204 transport roadway roof displacement encountered during the tunneling and mining is more than 240mm, which severely damaged the shape of the roadway. The anchor cable of the top is pulled off and supporting failure takes place. According to the analysis of the surrounding rock pressure behavior law, the concept of supporting new technology based on the concept of "coordinating role of long bolt - surrounding rock" is brought up. This technology can achieve a reasonable match of the supporting object with the displacement and support strength of the surrounding rock. Based on this concept, FLAC3D numerical simulation analysis, combined with the engineering analogy method, produces the long bolting parameters on the 5402 transport roadway. The industrial test results show that in the mining face, the force state of the long bolt is good. When larger displacement in the roof appears, the long bolt is not pulled off and the support failure does not occurs .It means the long bolt has adapted the large deformation of the roadway roof. The research results can provide a reference for similar mechanized caving roadway supporting.

Through the structure instability theory analysis of the coal roadway roof ,the author concluded that mechanical properties of rock, location, thickness and thickness ratio is the main factor affecting the instability and failure of rock structure. Capitalize on the roof caving hidden danger detector developed by the China university of mining and technology to synchronize, continuous and intensive monitor the rotational speed, thrust for synchronization and thrust. Based on the record ,the author inferred the coal seam roof lithology and rock structures of the different drilling location. Engineering practice shows that the use of roof caving hidden danger detector to identify lithology of strata and structure is in good agreement with the core test values. Coincidence rate reached 95.14% and the recognition effect is quite good.

Ultra-precision machining is in the forefront of advanced manufacturing technology and also will become the basis of future manufacturing technology. Ultra-precision machining already has turned into the enabling technology to success in the international competition. Some new progresses in traditional ultra-precision machining processes including processing and measuring techniques, machining equipment, and analysis methods are introduced in this paper. Components with high form accuracy and good surface roughness are widely applied to precision apparatuses. Structured surfaces can be acquired by selecting reasonable machining parameters before mechanical process. The continuous growing markets will fuel many industrial sectors by ultra precision machining. We should pay great attention to the further developments of this technology.

Aiming at the disadvantages of the traditional off-line vector-based learning algorithm, this paper proposes a kind of Incremental Tensor Principal Component Analysis (ITPCA) algorithm. It represents an image as a tensor data and processes incremental principal component analysis learning based on update-SVD technique. On the one hand, the proposed algorithm is helpful to preserve the structure information of the image. On the other hand, it solves the training problem for new samples. The experiments on handwritten numeral recognition have demonstrated that the algorithm has achieved better performance than traditional vector-based Incremental Principal Component Analysis (IPCA) and Multi-linear Principal Component Analysis (MPCA) algorithms.

The diffractive optical elements, with the negative dispersive characteristic and the random phase distributing to realize random phase modulation for wave-front, are not only helpful to simplify the optical system, but also improve the image quality, while putting it into the optical system. It can decrease the element numbers of the system and obtain a compact configuration that introducing diffractive optical element into the design of eyepiece. A hybrid diffractive-refractive wide-angle eyepiece, with a big exit pupil distance, is designed by using the Code V Optical Design Software. The features of the wide-angle eyepiece are 30mm effective focal length, 60°whole field-of-view (FOV), 30mm exit pupil distance and 6mm exit pupil diameter, and which consists of four lens and two diffractive elements. From the result of design, the MTF in the center field of the wide-angle eyepiece is over 0.55at 60lp/mm, at the same time, the MTFs in all fields are over 0.3 at 50lp/mm, which show that this wide-angle eyepiece has a great image quality.

This paper presents an improved high dynamic range image tone mapping method based on fast bilateral filtering. The algorithm first applied a bilateral filtering to the luminance channel of the image, the image is decomposed into an HDR base layer and an LDR detail layer. Then the HDR base layer is blurred with bilateral filtering again, get the details portion of the base layer, at the same time the dynamic range of the global base layer is compressed. Finally, the detail component and the compressed HDR base layer are recombined and the result is tone-mapped image for displaying. For color image, the color restoration converts luminance value into RGB color. Experimental results show that the proposed technique performed better than the conventional bilateral filtering, preserving more details and enhancing local contrast, giving decent visual effect and avoiding additional artifacts.

In order to settle incremental learning and preserve the space information of images, this paper proposes an incremental tensor discriminant analysis for facial image detection. The proposed algorithm employs tensor representation to preserve the structure information and introduces the incremental learning to solve the on-line learning for new added samples. The experiments have shown that our method achieves better classification performance and reduces the computational cost effectively compared with other algorithms.

In this paper, we propose a new single super-resolution (SR) reconstruction algorithm via block sparse representation and regularization constraint. Firstly, discrete K-L transform is used to learn compression sub-dictionary according to the specific image block. Combined with threshold choice of training data, the transform bases are generated adaptively corresponding to the sparse domain. Secondly, Non-local Self-similarity (NLSS) regularization term is introduced into sparse reconstruction objective function as a prior knowledge to optimize reconstruction result. Simulation results validate that the proposed algorithm achieves much better results in PSNR and SSIM. It can both enhance edge and suppress noise effectively, which proves better robustness.

Considerable research has been directed towards discovering new engineering materials for various applications. As a superhard material, Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) has been developed and applied to engineering for several tens of years. Due to its high specific strength and stiffness as well as good creep, fatigue and wear resistance at elevated temperatures, CBN has been widely used as cutting tool material in manufacturing industry. In this paper, the preparation and characteristics of CBN are introduced. As hard turning has been more and more employed in recent years as an advanced metal cutting technique, the application of CBN cutting tools in hard turning is presented based on the literature, and in particular, the main wear mechanisms of CBN tools in hard turning are summarized, owing to the significant influence of tool wear on the tool life and product quality.

Tool path is usually described by means of continuous small linear segments. It results in large number of programming points in order to achieve high precision. A construction method of tool path based on arc-cell is presented in this paper, and the tool path is G1 continuous. The construction method is applied to describe the tool path of wave shape specimen and hill shape specimen. For the two specimens, when their tool paths are described based on continuous small segments, 128212 and 184954 linear segments are necessary, respectively. But when their tool paths are described based on arc-cell, 15838 and 21669 arc-cells are necessary, respectively. And its more important that these arc-cells include information of curvatures and arc-lengths to control acceleration and deceleration.

The ring is subjected to the combined action of rolling deformation and guide rolls in radial ring rolling process. If the rolling process parameters are designed unreasonably, the ring may be deformed unexpectedly or squashed to waste product. In this article, equation of ring’s bending moment in rolling process is developed based on the mechanical model. Then the stress of ring at any point is analyzed and the maximum stress is found out. The plastic instability criterion of radial ring rolling is also proposed based on the analyses above.

In order to more fully and objective evaluate the reliability of the communications network, through two disjoint network reliability algorithm analysis, pointed out that the way to resolve the problem and achieve a certain degree of practical. Example to verify the correctness of algorithm, and the calculation process of the algorithm described in detail.