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Food waste management has become an important issue from the environmental, economic, and social points of view due to the fast increase of food waste production and serious environmental pollution. Food waste is considered to be an attractive feedstock of anaerobic digestion and has attracted worldwide attention because of its good biodegradability and high methane production potential. However, in practice, anaerobic digestion system of food waste often shows poor performance and stability, which greatly limited the development of anaerobic digestion process of food waste. In order to obtain high treatment efficiency and satisfactory methane yield, many researchers employed various control strategies for anaerobic digestion of food waste including pretreatment, additive agent addition, two-phase anaerobic digestion, and anaerobic co-digestion. Therefore, this article is intended to review the control strategies for anaerobic digestion process that have been developed for methane production from food waste.

This paper discusses the problem of sharing information technology in Research Information Management using WEB Services, Meanwhile a detailed description of the WEB Service Technology using in Management Information System.

Pile jetty is a typical type of wharf in construction of port engineering and was often built in front of revetment. The reflected wave height, wave overtopping and pressure were usually reduced because of the barrier effect of upper platform and piles. Cross-section model test was in common use for the verification of structure design. The shelter effect of pile jetty on revetment was tested through cross-section wave physical model. Model scale was 1:20. The results show that the shelter effect is fairly obvious in high design water level. The reduction percentage was 33% of reflected wave height, 50% of wave overtopping and 30-50% of wave loading.

Plate-like Sr3Ti2O7powders with anisotropy were prepared by KCl molten salt synthesis (MSS) method, the effect of different SrCO3/TiO2ratio and calcination condition on the phase transition, particle size and morphology of powders were investigated. The results show that SrTiO3phase coexist with Sr3Ti2O7phase and SrTiO3is the main phase as the SrCO3/TiO2ratio is 1.15~1.25:1. Pure Sr3Ti2O7phase can be obtained as the SrCO3/TiO2ratio is 1.55~1.65:1. The aspect ratio of plate-like particles increases firstly and then decreases as the SrCO3/TiO2ratio increases. The sealed and unsealed condition has no influence on the phase structure of the powders. But the aspect ratio of unsealed particles is smaller than that of sealed particle. Finally, the formation mechanism for Sr3Ti2O7particles was discussed.

Sr3Ti2O7ceramics with pure Ruddlesden-Popper phase (RP) were synthesized by conventional solid state method. The influences of the Bi2O3addition, the calcination temperature, and the sintering temperature on the phase transition were studied. The results showed that for the samples without doping Bi2O3, the main phase of calcined powders is Sr3Ti2O7, but pure Sr3Ti2O7phase cannot be obtained in the sintered ceramics because of the Sr3Ti2O7decomposition. For the samples doping with Bi2O3, although the main phase of the calcined powder is SrTiO3, the single RP phase Sr3Ti2O7can be obtained after sintering, which should be attributed to the formation of Sr3Bi2O6phase during calcination stage. Bi2O3addition is beneficial to the formation of the Sr3Ti2O7RP phase.

Resin D301 was surface-carbonized to obtain the surface charring materials (CD301). Using redox initiating system constituted by the amino groups of CD301 particles and persulfate in the solution, the poly (sodium styrene sulfonate) (PSSS) was grafted onto the surface of CD301, obtaining the grafted material PSSS-g-CD301, and the degree of grafting can reach 17.7% under suitable conditions. PSSS-g-CD301 was characterized by infrared spectrum (FTIR), and the degree of grafting was measured by gravimetric method. The adsorption character of PSSS-g-CD301 towards Al3+, Fe3+ and Cu2+ were mainly examined and investigated. PSSS-g-CD301 possesses strong adsorption ability towards Al3+, Fe3+and Cu2+. The adsorption capacity can get up to 13.285mg·g-1, 14.864mg·g-1, and 15.10mg·g-1, respectively. The data of isothermal adsorption matched well with Langmuir equation. The adsorption capacity increased with the increase of temperature and the value of pH. The adsorption capacity of PSSS-g-CD301 towards Fe3+ changed little after use them six times.

This paper investigated the macro-mechanical properties of three dimension porous materials consisted of periodically arrayed base units with random pore distribution using homogenization theory. The model of base unit using random numbers was established. A finite element method of homogenization equations was derived for the three dimension periodic structures and was applied to the calculation of the equivalent elastic modulus of porous materials with various porosities.The results shows the equivalent elastic modulus of three dimension porous material has significantly negative correlation with the porosity of material (p < 0.001) and the regression equation is E=(-19.4)ρ+17.6(E=equivalent elastic modulus, ρ=porosity ) when the elastic modulus of the solid matrix is 18 Gpa.

On the existing theoretical results, this paper studies the realization of combined homotopy methods on optimization problems in a specific class of nonconvex constrained region. Contraposing to this nonconvex constrained region, we give the structure method of the quasi-normal, prove that the chosen mappings on constrained grads are positive independent and the feasible region on SLM satisfies the quasi-normal cone condition. And we construct combined homotopy equation under the quasi-normal cone condition with numerical value and examples, and get a preferable result by data processing.

To reduce error inspection rate of the brand inspection in enterprise logistics, this paper puts forward a inspection method which depends on template matching algorithm based on machine vision.This method identifies cigarette carton brand by image processing, first template matching, accurate template matching of real-time carton bar code, then sends message to industrial personal computer to does sorting operation. Practice has proved that the system is stable, fast, accurate to meet the site requirement.

MBR technology for sewage treatment has the advantages of high volumetric load, good treatment performance and so on. But the MBR technology also has the shortage of membrane fouling. So this study selected the control method of fixing combination packing added in the MBR reactor, so as to reduce the membrane pollution, at the same time in the reactor to create the environment of coexistence of anaerobic and aerobic for biological denitrification. Through the research of the pollutants removal efficiency and the membrane pollution, it was founded that this method can remove 85-95% of COD and ammonia nitrogen. Effluent COD concentration generally is about 25mg/L, and the minimum of it is less than 10 mg/L. Effluent ammonia nitrogen is generally less than 10 mg/L. The minimum effluent concentration of ammonia nitrogen was less than 1 mg/L. The removal rate of total phosphorus was between 30-45%.

This paper focuses on the Banzhaf value for cooperative games where the set of players is restraint on augmenting systems and the coalition values are compact intervals of real numbers. The interval Banzhaf value for cooperative interval games on augmenting systems is put forward on the basis of corresponding axiomatic system and operations of interval numbers. Moreover, some properties of the interval Banzhaf value are given. Finally, a practical example is offered to illustrate the validity and feasibility of this method on these kinds of cooperative interval games.

Rigorous new regulations in coal-fired pollutants emissions from power plant strengthen the requirements for electrostatic precipitator (ESP) technology. The study was inspired by the requirement to use the new composite collectors as substitutes for typical steel collector to save energy and structural materials. A bench scale and a pilot scale experimental system have been set up to investigate the performance of the novel wet composite collector. Contrastive collection efficiencies of different assembled modes were investigated. The removals of coal-fired pollutants including acid aerosol, ammonia aerosol, slurry droplets and fine particles were performed in new wet ESP, as well as to quantify the key properties of the new wet ESP. The results show that the collection efficiency of the new composite collector was higher than that by typical collectors using a thimbleful of water penetrating the surface via capillary flow. The new wet ESP device acts in synergy with WFGD and SCR systems for controlling coal-fired pollutants emissions and solves the adverse impacts caused by wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems at the same time.

The oxidation resistance of SiAlONs is one important property. In our work we present a test method to characterize its anti-oxidation property with the non-isothermal oxidation process using Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA). The oxidation starting temperature (Ts), maximum oxidation rate temperature (Tm) and the value of the oxidation weight gain per unit area (Ga) are three key parameters to describe the antioxidant properties of the material. Experimental results prove this test method is easy and reasonable and it will be developed as the national standard of China.

In order to improve the license plate recognition accuracy under complex environment, a new license location algorithm combining vertical edge detection, color information of the license plate and mathematical morphology is presented in this paper. For balance of computing load and recognition accuracy, a “200-d” character feature rule is designed, and the “200-d” feature is used as the input of BP neural network to recognize the characters. Based on the above-mentioned methods, a license plate recognition system is set up, which can locate and recognize the license plate effectively, even when the resolution of pictures and the position of vehicles in the pictures are not fixed. Experimental results indicate that the recognition rate of the algorithm reaches 90.5%.

By using part of speech information to similarity calculation of paraphrase sentences, the similarity calculation method is improved. The improved method includes multi information of paraphrase text, such as, matching words information and part of speech information. A small-scale comparing experiment of double negation sentence paraphrase for two method of similarity calculation has been done, and the experimental results indicated effect of improvement method.

Large-scale wind turbine generators with power electronic converters that operate near series compensated transmission lines are susceptible to un-damped sub-synchronous oscillations. This sub-synchronous oscillation is called Sub-synchronous Control Interaction (SSCI). Based on PSCAD / EMTDC simulation platform the establishment of Double Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) equivalent inverter controlled sources and network model, and verify the correctness of the equivalent model. Analysis the impact of series compensation and rotor-side converter PI parameters characteristic of the SSCI based on test signal method and time-domain simulation method. The results show that increasing the degree of series compensation , inner gain constant increases and inner integral time decreases will help increase SSCI, outer ring of PI parameters has little effect on the SSCI .

Distributed file systems are emerging as a key component of large scale cloud storage platform due to the continuous growth of the amount of application data. Performance modeling and analysis is an important concern in the distributed file system area. This paper focuses on the performance prediction and modeling issues. An adaptive prediction model (APModel) is proposed to predict the performance of distributed file systems by capturing the performance correlation of different performance factors. We perform a series of experiments to validate the proposed prediction model. The experiment results indicate our proposed approach can get better prediction accuracy. It is practical and can achieve sufficient performance analysis for distributed file systems.

This paper works on the vibration control of the space truss structure. The damper made of viscoelastic composite was designed according to the configuration parameters of the truss structure. The parameters of damper were obtained by using the method of modal strain energy. The optimal position configuration of the damper was determined. The truss in the time domain and frequency domain was analyzed. The dynamic characteristics of three structures which are without damper, with damper in the random position configuration and with damper in the optimal position configuration were compared in the sweep excitation and pulse excitation. The result shows that the structure with damper in the optimal position configuration has a great improvement in the amplitude of vibration in the first resonance region and the amplitude attenuation of the truss. The space truss structure with viscoelastic composite damper has excellent vibration control effect.

As wind power in China is developing more and more rapidly, the characteristics of wind power output such as randomness and volatility have brought great pressure to the system peak load regulation. On the basis of defining negative peak regulation ability, this paper gives out the calculation formula of negative peak regulation ability including wind power and the main factors of influencing the negative peak regulation ability are calculated. Aimed at the regional power grid in the target year 2014, this paper makes some analytical prediction on such main factors and calculates the negative peak regulation ability, and the amount of the acceptance of wind power bound by it, and makes some sensitivity analysis of the negative peak regulation ability and the amount of the acceptance of wind power.

This article describes the SCM combined with A/D converter and wireless digital transmission module which is used for building a DC voltage measurement system based on LabVIEW. The system uses AT89C52 as controller, ICL7135 as precision, double integral A/D converter circuit as voltage data collection, PTR2000 as a wireless transmission module and the LCD display module as the measured voltage. The collected data can be transmitted to a PC. The hardware system design of the DC digital voltmeter is introduced exhaustively. It also gives some details of the hardware circuit design.

Wet electrostatic precipitators (wet ESPs) are good options for effective control of PM2.5 emission. However, the common problems of uniform water film formed on rigid collector limited the applicability of typical wet ESPs, thus could be tend to cause "spark-over" and "back-corona". This research was designed to test the performance of the polypropylene fibrous as collection electrodes for PM2.5 control in wet ESP. Meanwhile, drop spreading feature and volume resistivity measurements of polypropylene fibrous collector were investigated. The results show that drop spreading existed in imbibitions experiments between hydrophobic fabrics contacted with water. The difference of spreading characteristics was accordance to the physical woven properties of fabrics. The relationship between the volume resistivity of polypropylene fibrous and the water addition rate has been investigated. The secondary current by polypropylene collection electrode was 5~20 percent higher than that by FRP. The average number collection efficiencies by polypropylene collector amounted to 89.21% for PM2.5 when the gas residence time was 1.33s at 60kV. The relationship between water addition rate and average number collection efficiency was not more regular than other factors such as gas treatment time or applied voltage.

With the increase of traffic volume and axle load, asphalt pavement rutting has become one of the major damage of highway. Adding anti-rutting agent in asphalt mixture is a kind of effective mean to prevent pavement rutting. In this paper, RA anti-rutting agent is selected as the admixture. Laboratory test is taken to study the pavement performance of asphalt mixture and analyze the influence of anti-rutting agent on the pavement performance of asphalt mixture.

In this paper, though analyzing the relation of gyratory compaction volume parameters of asphalt mixture with a variety of gradation and contrasting with the Marshall test, there comes to a conclusion that the influence sensitivity of different content of mineral aggregate needle flake to size parameters is different. So it cant determine the relationship between Marshall Compaction and gyratory compaction though volume parameters simply.

The study on the HVDC based on voltage-source converter focuses mainly on the control strategy while less on the impact of electrical damping on the adjacent units by VSC-HVDC. The mechanism of VSC-HVDC on inhibiting sub-synchronous oscillation is analyzed theoretically in the respect of its operation principle. Then the complex torque coefficient method realized by time domain simulation-the test signal method, is adopted to investigate the impact of the unit interaction factor, control mode, active power level and reactive power level on the electrical damping on the adjacent units.

This paper presents a new digital potential transformer (PT) model. Due to the effect of hysteresis and saturation phenomenon, the magnetization curve of iron core has a strong nonlinear. From the perspective of hysteresis effect of iron core, this article presents a PT core model using the theory of fractional calculus, then propose a new PT circuit model. The model simulates the nonlinear part of iron core using the fractional order expressions and can reflect the feature of saturation. Finally it shows the correctness and validity of the model through the theoretical analysis and simulation results.

Chemical-ionic cross-linked hydrogel (CIC) was prepared by using chemical-ionic cross-linker with acrylamide (AM) and sodium alginate (SA) of different contents serving as monomer, N,N'-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) acting as cross-linker. Swelling behaviors, micro pore structures, percentage of calcium atoms and tensile fracture stress of CIC hydrogel were investigated by weighting instrument, field transmission electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and tensile strength testing machine, respectively. The results indicate that with the contents of SA from 0.1g/20ml up to 0.4g/20ml, atom percentage of calcium of CIC hydrogel increases from 0.03 at% to 0.14 at%, and ionic cross-linked mechanism network in composite hydrogel increases, maximum swelling ratio (MSR) decreases from 21.96 g/g to 14.06 g/g, the pore structures which are interconnect at 0.1g gradually turn to cellular and isolate, and then appear compact. Maximum tensile fracture stress of hydrogel reinforced from 0.03 MPa up to 0.18 MPa.

The core competitive index system is proposed from construction enterprises characteristics. Due to fuzzy characteristics of core competitive index, a multi-level gray evaluation model is established for construction enterprises. And the effectiveness of this model is illustrated by an example.

In order to evaluate the construction quality of a bridge, the finished line-shape and the actual stress state are two key parameters to check whether it’s consistent with the design requirements. However, there are many factors during the construction to make the actual completion state deviate from what is theoretically expected. The main purpose of construction control is to detect the deviations and thus correct them, and at the same time to predict and control the potential deviations so as that the completion state of a bridge (including the finished line-shape and structural internal force) could meet its design requirements. North Central Bridge in Taiyuan City is an irregular cable-stayed bridge which has five spans, five anti-symmetric steel arches and five anti-symmetric cable planes. As the bridge has a special structure shape and the control of the steel arch shape during the construction is quite difficult, the finite element analysis software is employed to analyze the construction process, therefore to make the rational construction control scheme of the arch shape and the stress state. The analysis results of this construction control scheme can be used as reference for others similar bridges in the future.

Momentum theory model which was widely used in pitch control cant calculate wind turbine load, so it can't meet pitch control research needs of large-scale wind turbine. In this paper, the traditional model based on momentum theory firstly was improved to be able to calculate load under some hypothesis. Then the wind turbine model suitable for individual pitch control was built based on blade element theory. And wind shear and tower shadow on load of wind turbine was calculated and analyzed. Finally, the model was simulated in the turbulent flow conditions and load was analyzed by Bladed. Simulations indicate that the model built in the paper can be used in simulation and verification of individual pitch control, and the conclusions drawn by load analysis can provide theoretic basis and the reference standard for individual pitch control strategy.

In order to meet the special needs of military applications, network users were classified according to characteristics of users and a hierarchical behavior-controllable P2P network topology construction was designed. In the new construction, different information has different circulation range and the survivability and expansion characteristics of the P2P network were made full use.

A liquid phase method to synthesize gold nanoparticles (NPs) has been studied by reducing tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4) with the culture medium of baker’s yeast. In general, the reducing substances in the culture medium of baker’s yeast can be divided into two categories: the metabolites and the organizations. Herein the reducing agents are mostly metabolites, along with some other components of the cells that are overlooked in the process of filtering. Different sizes of gold NPs have been obtained by merely varying pH of the medium, with size of the nanoparticles of 5~30 nm. Several characterizations have been carried out to confirm and analyze our products, such as UV-vis spectra, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) images, transmission electron microscope (TEM) image, energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns. In the future study, the smaller ones can be treated as a good substitute of the traditional seeds synthesized with some chemical surfactants.

The more efficient use of by-product gas has always been a hot issue in the iron and steel making process. The gas generated during production process is stochastic and hardly predicted accurately. Specifically, how to regulate the supply of by-product gas from gas holder to power plant in the scheduling period to maximize the total profit of gas reutilization is present work. In response to this objective, online algorithm will be applied here to analyses the optimal strategy, which manages the by-product gas supply scheduling in term of online strategy and competitive analysis. We give the competitive ratio’s lower bound of the problem, and analyze the properties of algorithms, then give the QEW-algorithm with a competitive ratio equals to γ/(γ-β). The results of the study have guiding significance and reference value to decision makers facing the actual production process.

In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the medium based on the PlackettBurman and Central-Composite Designs for the production of pullulan using a strain of Auerobasidium pullulans A225. Peptone, K2HPO4, and MgSO4 were found to have significant effects on pullulan production using the PlackettBurman Design. The steepest ascent experiment was adopted to determine the optimal region of the medium composition. The concentrations of the three above mentioned compounds were further optimized using the Central-Composite Design. Results showed that the final concentration of medium optimized using RSM was 6.34 g/L peptone, 7.91 g /L K2HPO4, and 0.46 g/L MgSO4. Production of pullulan reached 72.56 g/L under the optimized medium.

Lane detection is a crucial component of automotive driver assistance system aiming to increase safety, convenience and efficiency of driving. This paper developed a vision based algorithm of detecting road lanes which is performed by extracting edges and finding straight lines using improved Hough transform. The experimental results indicate that this algorithm is effective and precise. Furthermore, this algorithm paves the way for the implementation of automotive driver assistance system.

This paper deals with the feasibility of beach protection project alternative materials - the Yangtze River soil and sand, applies PCSB curing agent to solidify it and to produce beach protection blocks. Experimental studies on the performance of strength, setting time, stability and anti-erosion have been carried out to inquire into the regularity of solidification. Using soil and sand curing blocks instead of concrete blocks in the application of Yangtze River beach protection engineering has advantages of technology, economy and environment protection etc.

The methods for subsynchronous oscillation mitigation based on SVC and STATCOM are analyzed in this paper. According to the IEEE first benchmark model, the electrical damping coefficients respectively provided by SVC and STATCOM connected at the generator terminal, as well as positive damping condition, are deduced by complex torque coefficient approach. Correlative factors which influence the two positive dampings are compared. The analysis results indicate that the positive damping provided by SVC is proportional to the size of system voltage. The positive damping provided by STATCOM is not affected by the size of system voltage, which is mostly proportional to the subsynchronous voltage produced itself. The controllers of SVC and STATCOM are designed and the positive dampings separately offered by SVC and STATCOM are optimized by phase compensation with test signal method. The time domain simulation reveals that STATCOM has stronger damping ability than SVC in the case of short circuit fault.

In this paper, we demonstrated a simple and efficient method to synthesize Ag nanoparticles (NPs) using commercial and highly active baker's yeast as a stabilizier and reducing agent, which got rid of the cumbersome steps to cultivate yeast. Ag NPs could be formed within 2 min at pH value higher than 8 when silver ion react with the yeast. The effect of pH on the extracellular synthesis of Ag NPs was investigated. The results indicated that the optimized pH value was above 8. The biosynthesized Ag NPs had absorption peaks at 413~455 nm corresponding to their surface plasmon resonance. SEM and TEM images showed that the nanoparticles were uniformly monodisperse and spherical with the size of around 5~25 nm.

In order to resolve the supporting problems of the open-off cuts with span of 10m in Tashan coal mine No.3~5 coal seams, this study investigated and analyzed the problems in the current open-off cuts supporting and the supporting parameters, and performed laboratory test and analysis to the coal and rock's mechanical properties. The open-off cut wall rock in Tashan mine has the problem of serious deformation and high possibility of sudden falling. After academic analysis and numerical calculation, a new supporting mode is designed for the supporting of large span open-off cuts: unite high strength anchor bar, combined anchor rope, W steel strip, metal mesh and concrete to form a group anchor seal effect, therefore maintain the tunnel wall rock's stability and safety. Engineering test was conducted at the 8105 working face open-off cuts, the anchor rope's anchorage force changes in the range of 140 ~ 160kN, the maximum delaminating value of the roof in anchorage zone is about 7mm, and the maximum roof-to-floor convergence is 38mm. The result shows that the proposed "anchor bar - combined anchor rope - concrete" supporting model improved the overall bearing capacity of the supporting structure, controlled the tunnel wall rock's deformation effectively, and also achieved the desired effect of the supporting design, ensured the safety of the large section open-off cuts.

A new method that nanoSrTiO3 electronic ceramics powder was prepared from nitrilotriacetic acid complexes by thermal decomposition was proposed. The reaction of Ti4+ and ta3-(H3ta=C6H6O6N) and H2O2 is occurred to form [Ti2O(O2)2(ta)2]4- complex ions, which react with Sr2+ to produce Sr2[Ti2O(O2)2(ta)2] precursor, and then is washed, dried and annealed at 900°Cfor 3h to prepare nanoSrTiO3 powder. The results of SEM analysis show that SrTiO3 powders were spheric shape with narrow size distribution and the mean particle sizes about 80 nm. XRD investigation show that the powders of SrTiO3 had the crystalline of the pseudo-cubic structure. The Sr/Ti mole ratio (1.000±0.005) and the purity of 99.8% were confirmed by chemical analysis. Compared with conventional thermal decomposition method of oxalate, the proposed new method, by which the high-quality SrTiO3 powder is prepared, shows simple technology.

GDL-4 is a new kind of tool steel, but the machinability was the key factor for the application of it. In order to improve the machinability of GDL-4 tool steel, the factors influencing the machinability, such as the thermal property, work hardening exponent, carbides were studied comparing with M2 in this paper. The results show that under the same cutting condition, the thermal property is the key factor which makes the machinability of GDL-4 worse, and Si is the key element affecting the thermal property.

The electric resistivity, Seebeck coefficients and power factors of Y1-xEuxBaCo4O7+δ(x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) ceramics were investigated from 400K to 1000K. The results show that the presence of Eu decreases electrical resistivity, and has little effect on Seebeck coefficients of the samples. The activation energy of conductivity is calculated by the Arrhenius plots in the semiconductive region. According to power factors, the optimum Eu substitution amount is x = 0.1, which results in a higher power factor of 67.5 μWm-1K-2at 1000K, 30% higher than unmodified sample YBaCo4O7+δ.

Regional materials and mixing ratio of Datong area are used to make the concrete testing blocks. The rebounding and ultrasonic non-destruction detecting testing for concrete strength were done by using the six types of strength grades concrete standard specimens according to the technical regulation. On the basis of regression analysis with least squares technique, the mathematical models between rebounding values, ultrasonic velocity values, rebounding-ultrasonic method values and concrete compression strength were set up by three kinds of functions’ regression analysis. The error analysis showed that the rebounding-ultrasonic non-destruction detecting testing method has higher precision results and the practical value.

On the basis of the national curve of rebounding method, the rebounding non-destruction detecting testing method for concrete compression strength was done by using the engineering example. And the rebounding testing results were compared with the results from the core drilling method for concrete compression strength. It indicated that using the national curve of rebounding method to infer the structure concrete strength of Datong area was feasible, but the inferential strength value was higher than its actual value.

Based on ANSYS software, the solid modeling method was performed to build the half model of bi-prestressed concrete beam. And the solution for solve the problem such as the constitutive equation, failure criteria , the method of modeling,the infliction method of prestressed was summarized in this paper. The heating-cooling method was used to achieve the bi-prestressed.The simulate method was reasonable while the built mode was performed to simulate the pre-arch and bearing capacity, simulate the pre-arch and bearing capacity of pre-pressed bi-prestressed concrete beam by FEM software ,and compared with the experiment results. And summarized the handling of the constitutive equation,failure criteria,the infliction method of prestressed, the method of modeling ,and so on. All of the method will provide reference for the research of Bi-prestressed concrete beam.

Mean of neighbor pixels is usually computed in image process, its computation cost is very high, which lead to the executing speed. A fast computation strategy is applied to get the mean of neighbor pixels. In our approach, the means of neighbor pixels located in fist column and line are computed, after that the iterative solution methods is adopted to compute neighbor means of pixels located in neighbor pixels of current pixel. The proposed approach do not change the filter result, but which can accelerate the running speed, especially for large image, finally, we used several image to test the approach, the experiment results indicate that the approach do not change the filtering premise and effectively reduce the computational complexity.

In recent years, with the large-scale grid connection of wind power, wind power as an important factor to load forecasting should not be overlooked; A least squares-support vector machine (LSSVM) has been improved for the region including wind power, based on the influence from the load caused by the changes of wind and the characteristics between load and wind power. The method uses the models of least squares-support vector machine to classify and build different models , and gets the integration of each model for equivalent load forecasting, which provides the reference for the region including wind power.

Three kinds of lead-free soldering tin powder particles produced by means of ultrasonic vibration atomization were studied in this paper. For tin powder particles had higher edge angle and more irregular shape which were the two most key elements that may influence the quality of soldering paste, aspect ratio and fractal dimension of those particles were treated as the facts that could reflect the morphology of soldering tin powder particles. Geometrical projected images of those particles were acquired by optical microscope and image computing were processed by morphologic method. Since particles adhesion phenomenon often occurred in actual image processing of soldering tin powder particles, Roberts operator was used for edge detection and in the meantime, Erosion method and Dilation method in morphological operation were applied to segment those adhesive particles. It was shown that the morphologic method proposed in this paper could be applied to segment those images of adhesive particles.

The tool trace of turning is intensive and complex, and its virtual manufacturing with high confidence level needs to be solved urgently. In response to this pressing need, based on the general mathematical model of master-slave alignment for shaft part profiles, efficient and low-redundancy "dynamic grid" for data structure and "tool driving" exact algorithm for cutting path, the paper built a database that was flexible to adapt the data structure, packaged an Open Graphics Library (OpenGL) to form the automatic three-dimensional engine, and developed a three-dimensional virtual manufacturing system with high confidence level for turning, with numerical control code analysis, error correction, tool path simulation of turning process, parts management, all-round display, virtual manufacturing process control and other functions.

Most of the biped robots or humanoid robots developed so far have been designed with serialactuated mechanism. the ratio between power and weight has not been very good. Some abilities of the humanoid robot are dependent on the weakest motor just like the cannikin law. Most of the human joints are not serial-actuated but parallel-actuated except the knee joint which is a one DOF joint. In the study, two kinds of module are put forward: basic module and composite module, and the configurations of the joints and limbs are designed by these modules. Based on logic diagram, many kinds of the humanoid robot are structured with these joints and limbs. As an applicable example, the humanoid robot SJTU-HR1 is presented.

Standing up from a supine position or sitting down from standing is an important and simple human activity of day life. It is of equal importance for a humanoid robot, but it is not simple work to be completed for the robot. This paper presents the concept of generalized function set, and researches on the characteristics of lying state using the generalize function (GF) set, and gets the interested end effectors (EEs), which is instructional in the next detailed motion planning. Then the work presents the lying state classification of the humanoid robot SJTU-HR1.