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Formative assessment emerged under humanism and constructivist theory of learning is being accepted and used in English teaching. Lots of research focuses on general influence of formative assessment on English teaching. There is little special research concentrated on influence on influence of formative assessment on motivation. This thesis intends to study the influence of formative assessment on motivation and further explores the different influence of formative assessment on extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation. The results of this study show that using formative assessment is more effective to foster college students’ motivation on English learning, especially has stronger effect on extrinsic motivation but less than on intrinsic motivation during an academic year. As a result of motivation strengthened, English achievement is improved.

Now, the way to access the database in most still uses a simple keyword query method, it is generally based on semantic matching, rather than based on semantic matching. So it can't make full use of the semantic relationship between the data, and unable to obtain accurate results. This paper proposes a keyword query method based on digital type, it can largely improve the efficiency of user queries. We propose two query algorithm namely multi-table query and single table query in the database query time of uncertainty. Through experimental analysis, we can see that our algorithm is more effective than simple type keyword queries.

The Internet of things (IOT) technology leads the third wave of the information industry having broad application prospects in intelligent building. This paper briefly introduces the background and concept of the IOT, the basis of the integration of intelligent building and the IOT. Intelligent building automation system, safety system, fire alarm system and OA system are the main applications of the IOT in intelligent building. We illustrate the disadvantage of traditional intelligent building and propose that the IOT and intelligent building have a good basis for integration. At the end, this paper analyzes the relationship between green building and intelligent building. The ultimate development goal of them is green building and smart city. It will make a huge impact in people's normal production and life in the future.

Metagenomic and metatrascription technologies were developed rapidly and applied widely in environmental microbiology in recent years and were also gradually applied in biohydrometallurgy. However, how to get good quality DNA and RNA simultaneously is still the key factor to determine the success and relibility of the whole data analysis. In this study, a wide used DNA extraction method [ was optimized for extraction of crude nucleic acid from acidic habitat. Our results showed that nucleic acid extraction buffer (pH 7.0) contain PIPES salt could effectively extract crude nucleic acid (including DNA and RNA) from four pure culture and several acidic environmental samples. Qiagen DNA and RNA isolation system (All prep DNA/RNA Mini kit) could separate DNA and RNA. Good quality with A260/280 was around 1.87±0.01 for total 33.88±7.85 μg DNA and A260/230 around 2.07±0.07 for total 20.00±2.73 μg RNA were obtained from 300 mL A.f culture medium (strain concentration was around 2×107). All isolated DNA and RNA could be used for downstream molecular analysis. This study provides a useful method for simultaneous extraction, separation and purification DNA and RNA from acidic habitat, which could accelerate the quantitative analysis for biohydrometually and therefore increase the efficiency of biohydrometually.

DNA and RNA based analysis was a useful way to characterize microbial communities during biohydrometallurgical processes. However, feasible, affordable and efficient DNA and RNA separation methods are rarely reported although several simultaneous DNA and RNA extraction methods have been developed recently. In this study, various salts including NaCl, CaCl2 and LiCl were tested for separation of DNA and RNA. Salt concentration, nucleic acid concentration, precipitation temperature and time were optimized. The results showed that LiCl was more efficient to separate DNA and RNA than the other two salts. The optimized conditions were as follows: 1/4 volume saturated LiCl was used for precipitating RNA first at -20°C for 30 min for total nucleic acid concentration of approximately 200-400 ng/μL, and then centrifuged at 12,000×g at room temperature for 20 min to collect RNA. DNA in the supernatant was precipitated using 0.6 volume isopropanol and then collected by centrifugation at 12,000×g at room temperature for 20 min. The results indicated that DNA and RNA could be extracted from not only pure culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(A.ferrooxidans), Acidithiobacillus caldus(A. caldus), Acidithiobacillus albertensis(A. albertensis), Leptospirillum ferrooxidans(L. ferrooxidans), Ferroplasma thermophilium(F. thermophilium), but also the acid mine drainage(AMD) water samples from Daye copper mine, Xiangxi gold mine, Axi gold mine. The resulted DNA and RNA could be amplified and A260/280 was 1.8-2.0, A260/230 was 1.8-2.2, which indicated high quality of DNA and RNA. This method could be widely used for separation of bioleaching bacteria DNA and RNA extracted simultaneously.

In order to solve low accuracy, human effects and complexity in elevator safety management evaluation, a method based on machine learning was proposed. The method adopts safety checklist to collect data of elevator safety related conditions, comprehensively considering the importance and influence of every factor, which influences the safety on the basis of the safety checklist analysis and fuzzy set. To complete the process of the risk assessment and evaluation, we use machine learning combined with maintenance knowledge of evaluation, which provide users with comprehensive and effective corrective measures and suggestions. Applications show that the method can find potential leak of elevator system management.

The success of CO2 capture from flue gas with solid sorbent is dependent of a low cost sorbent with high CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivity. Modifying surface texture of activated carbon with impregnating amines is expected to offer the benefits of liquid amines in the typical adsorption process routes. In this work, cocoanut activate carbon (AC) is firstly alkalified by KOH solution, then modified by impregnation of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), triethylenetetramine (TATA), and triethanolamine (TEA) to form a new type of sorbents. The effects of alkalifying treatment and temperature on CO2 adsorption capacities of the sorbents are investigated. Results indicate that the activate carbons modified by combining alkalification pretreatment firstly and then impregnated amines at low temperature are profitable for CO2 adsorption. The adsorption capacities of CO2 are enhanced with TEPA and TETA impregnation on the activate carbon pretreated by KOH solution. And CO2 adsorption capacity of new sorbents is stable after many adsorption and desorption cycles.

The characteristics of the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength according to replacement ratio of the blast furnace slag were found in this study. The blast furnace slag was utilizes as the concrete mix-material and then, these results were compared with the basis presented in the international standards. In this study, cylinder made of concrete with water/binder ratio 0.34 and blast furnace slag replacement rate of 10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% were prepared to measure the compressive strength and spiting tensile strength. Test results indicate that The 28 days and 91 days compressive strength is affected by blast furnace slag replacement except specimen BS30 and the splitting tensile strength in specimen BS series is slightly larger than that of OPC except specimen BS 30.

In order to increase the corrosion resistant and reduce the interfacial contact resistance of the stainless steel, the duplex treatment technology of electroplating Cr and plasma-assisted nitriding process for AISI 304SS is exploited. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the electrochemical tests such as potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization in the simulation PEMFC environments are measured. XRD showed that the surface layer of the 540 ° C and 550 ° C were Cr and Cr2N; the 580 °C was the CrN and Cr2N. The nitride sample of the 550 °C could see the closure process of the mesh crack. Compared with the simulated PEMFC anode environment, higher corrosion resistance was showed in the simulated PEMFC cathode environment. The current density of the 540°C, 550°C and 580°C samples were negative at the operating potential -0.1V, which would provide cathodic protection to the metallic bipolar plates. In the simulated cathode environment, the current densities of the three samples were quickly stabilized, the surface quickly formed a stable passive film.

The synthesis of carbyne was studied by oxidation polycondensation of acetylene using HClO4 as the oxidizer, ammonia as the complexing agent, Ag (I) as the catalyst at 35°C with pH 7.0 in aqueous phase and benzene phase respectively. The configuration of carbyne was characterized by FT-IR, and the result showed that carbynes with longer carbon chain were synthesized in benzene by phase-transformation method. The HPLC analysis indicated that polyynes of less than or equal to 16 carbon were transferred to the benzene.

Type I collagen was obtained from grass carp swimming bladder. Dynamic viscoelastic properties of the collagen solutions with concentrations of 0.1–1.0% (w/w) were characterized by means of oscillatory rheometry at temperatures ranging from 20 to 50°C. All collagen solutions showed a shear-thinning flow behavior. Both storage modulus (G’) and loss modulus (G’’) increased with the increase of frequency and concentration. The experiment results also showed the viscoelastic of collagen was similar to viscous behavior of liquid (G’>G’’) in low frequency and elasticity of solid (G’

Adsorption behavior disciplinarian of the immobilized tannins to metal ions was studied. Experiments showed that adsorption capacities of metal ions lied in ns grouse in the periodic table of elements were relatively low. For the metal ions lied in np grouse in the periodic table of elements, their adsorption capacity increased with the increasing in the radius of metal ions. Adsorption capacities of metal ions having low values in the first transition series in the periodic table of elements, such as Mn(II), Fe(II), Fe(III), Co(II) and Ni(II), were more lower than that of the metal ions having high values, such as Cr(VI), Mn(VII) and V(V). For the metal ions in the second, the third transition series and the actinide series, adsorption capacities were relatively higher than that of metal ions in lanthanide series.

This paper was reported a polymeric support metal catalyst and its application in oxidation of ethylbenzene with molecular oxygen. The Poly(1-vinylimidazole-co-methyl methacrylate) copolymer (PVM) was directly mixed with copper sulfate solution to prepare the catalyst of Cu(II)-PVM. The appropriate reaction temperature and amount of catalyst were 130°C and 0.2g. Recycling studies indicated that the catalyst could be recycled at least four times without significant decrease of catalytic activity.

According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction,the electromagnetic vibration energy harvester can convert the mechanical vibration of human running or walking to electrical energy, the harvester output is through detection/rectification, two-stage of energy storage, stabilize voltage which is able to reach stable voltage of 4.2V,current of 355mA.The whole system doesn’t need external power supply, the electromagnetic vibration energy harvester has produced two part of the electric energy, a part used to storage, and another part provided power supply for circuit chips. Characteristic of the selected chip is low power and high stability. Analyzing the energy harvester’s structure and principles, a basic electronic circuit for storing the electrical energy is also introducing. The amount of output electrical energy about energy harvester is controlled by magnetic field strength, amplitude and frequency of human movement.

The continues cooling transformation (CCT) of a low carbon Mn-Nb-B steel in the undeformed and deformed conditions were investigated, respectively. The CCT diagrams of the steel were constructed. The microstructures and microhardness were analysized. The results showed that the microsructures contains ferrite, pearlite, granular bainite, acicular ferrite and lath bainite depending on cooling rate; Deformation moved the CCT curve to the top left corner, increased the transformation start temperatures slightly, and promoted the formation of ferrite and pearlite. Furthmore deformation also fined the transformed microstructures.

This study was carried out to find material basis of which effect germination rate ofSalvia miltiorrhizaBge seeds in different years and in different areas. The results can be used in quality identification and advising storage conditions. Routine method were used to study the basic qualities, such as physical purity, weight of 100 seeds, seed moisture and germination. GC-MS were used to detect fatty acids and UV spectrophotometer was used to detect reducing sugar. The germination and viability of new seeds were much higher than that of aged. Weight of 100 seeds, seed moisture, fatty acids of same origin new seeds were higher than that of aged. However there was no correlation between different areas. Content of reducing sugar of same origin new seeds were higher than that of aged, also there were no correlation between different areas. Unsaturated fatty acids content of the new seeds was 80.90% which was much higher than that of aged. Linoleic acid was the main Unsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acid content was 19.10% which was much lower than that of aged. Palmitic acid was the main saturated fatty acids. Data showed that unsaturated acids were auto oxidized to saturated acids in the process of storage. Germination rate was decreased as storage time prolonged.

Chitosan/cellulose acetate multimicrospheres (CCAM) were prepared by the method of W/O/W emulsion with no toxic reagents and had the size interval of 200--280µm. It was investigated as an ideal alternative to enhancement the adsorption of water-soluble dyes from wastewater. The correlation coefficients of adsorption isotherm showed that the Freundlich model was comparable to the Langmuir model. The 1/n was lower than 1.0, indicating that malachite green was favorably adsorbed by CCAM. Furthermore, the amount of malachite green absorbed steeply increased with increasing time and reached plateau values within 2 h and increased with increasing of initial concentration of malachite green from 5 to 25 mg/g.

Time-space patterns of activity-travel are very complex, because the individual movement in time-space is a complex trajectory with many interacting dimensions. Potentially huge amounts of time-space data will be collected for different purposes by GPS receivers, and existing analytical tools in GIS may prove to be insufficient to handle these data. The purpose of this paper is to design a human-computer interface to model and visualize mobile objects with GPS data, in order to find an effective method to construct interactive manipulative 3D-GIS software of activity-travel patterns. The methods of 3D geographical data gathering and 3D map modeling are also present to support the analysis, display, and animation of time and space data. A prototype was implemented using the software of Multigen Creator and Vega to analyze GPS-recorded travel data in the city of Changchun, China. It allows the user to interact and explore the 3D map. Not only the visual properties of objects can be altered to reflect their various attributes, the highly flexible viewing and navigational environment is also a great help to the users.

A new thermosensitive hydrogel had been prepared that could be transformed into gel at 37 °C from chitosan and a mixture of α- and β-glycerophosphate (αβ-GP). The appearance of hydrogel was compact and corrugated. There was little granule in the appearance of gel loaded with adriamycin and the granules might be crystals of the added model drug. In vitro cytotoxicity of the hydrogel was tested by the MTT method using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF). MEF cultured with leachates of CS-αβ-GP were investigated and the relative growth rate (RGR) was calculated and the cytotoxicity was graded by generally accepted standard. The study of in vitro degradation of CS-αβ-GP hydrogels included hydrolysis and degradation by lysozyme. The CS-αβ-GP thermosensitive hydrogel was degradable in vitro and the degradation rate was faster in lysozyme solution than that in the medium of PBS. So the CS-αβ-GP system had good cell biocompatibility and biodegradability which provided possibilities and foundations for the further research.