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Transmission spectrum and reflectance spectrum have long been used to characterize gap semiconductor. Transmission spectrum can be measured very directly, but the influence of substrate absorption is often unavoidable. However, when using the reflectance spectrum measurement, the absorption of thin film, substrate absorption, and coherent interference will make the reflectance spectrum much more complicated. In this paper, Considering the absorption of thin film, substrate absorption, and coherent interference, we use the envelope curves algorithm to achieve the calculation formula of refractive index deduced from the reflectance spectrum. Through the analysis of the reflectance spectrum of Ga2O3film, we achieved thickness of the film, refractive index, extinction and absorption coefficient and dispersion constant.

According to the design and construction characteristics of steel box concrete girder of a large landscape tower, C40 grade non shrinkage self-compacting concrete meeting engineering requirements was produced. The fresh concrete workability, early age shrinkage are researched, construction technology and detection methods are discussed combined with the practical engineering of steel box concrete girder.

The objective of this work was to study the effect of some operating condition on the simultaneous removal of NO and SO2from simulated flue gas in the lab-scale agitated bubbling reactor. The experimental results showed that NO removal efficiency increased with the increase in the molar ratio of O3/NO, while removal efficiency of SO2decreased. When absorption liquid changed from distilled water to Na2CO3solution, it is observed that removal efficiencies of NO and SO2increase with the increase in the concentration of Na2CO3solution. At 0.08 mol/L of Na2CO3solution, the removal efficiencies of SO2and NO are 100% and 93%, respectively

The objective of this work was to study the effect of some operating condition on the removal of NO from simulated flue gas in the lab-scale agitated bubbling reactor. The experimental results showed that NO removal efficiency went up with the increase in the molar ratios of O3/NO and the NO removal efficiency reached 92% at 3 of molar ratio. It can also be found that the average removal efficiency was slightly affected by the reaction temperature and almost retained over 75%.

A technique of high-speed network intrusion detection system based on packet sampling theory is proposed. Starting with basic principles of packet sampling, this paper first analyses the significant mathematical conclusion of sampling strategies, then after discussing current strategies, mechanism and performance of different packet sampling methods, we specify an efficient strategy of packet sampling. Results show that this method can attain above 55% accurate rate with below 1% false rate in 94 specified attacking cases from DARPA 2000 IDS evaluation dataset.

Proposed that idea of cloud computing ecology development, supports and guiding cloud model deployment, the cloud service management and Clouds protocols observes the purification of mix cloud environment. Has designed the multiple dimension data saving structure and real-time mass-data processing of model as well as the asynchronous overall construction distributional ecology cloud structure. It has been shown that this ecology cloud structure is healthy.

Information systems had been built to meet the requirement of enterprise operations, But the ever-changing market environment leads to unceasing adjustment on enterprise goals, organization structure, business processes of telecommunication companies .The IT architecture should also be adjusted to meet the requirements of enterprise operations. This paper try to investigate on the method of build an evaluation model on IT architecture of a telecommunication company using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The evaluation of the IT architecture is based on a number of criteria (e.g. Completeness, effectiveness, compliance), Measurements need human judgments to estimate their importance and from that importance to develop order and measures priorities, but the pertinent data are difficult to be quantified. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an effective approach in dealing with this kind of decision problems. Based on experiential knowledge and also by the views of several experts, we can construct a hierarchy model for the evaluation, and a well researched methodology has been adopted for the synthesis of priorities and the measurement of consistencies.

Ti/Al/TiC mixed powders were used as the raw materials for the fabrication of functionally graded material (FGM) by hot pressing sintering. The sample was analyzed by SEM combined with Metallographic microscope and Energy Disperse Spectroscopy,The results show that each layer is composed of TiC and Ti2AlC, without containing other phases. The size of TiC grains are about 3-6 μm. With TiC content in the layers increasing, Ti2AlC grains gradually decrease. The lathy Ti2AlC grains of the FGM have a length of about 10 μm and a width of about 4 μm. The interface of each layer has a good combination with a certain thickness transition layer.Microhardness tester is used to analyse the hardness of material.The results show that the Vickers hardness of every layer increases with TiC content increasing. The thermal shock performance test found that material has good thermal shock performance.

In this paper, the design and implementation of a passive magnetic bearing for a vertical-axis wind turbine with a permanent magnetic synchronous generator (PMSG) is presented. By applying a commercial analysis software for electromagnetics, the design of the magnetic bearing is discussed first, then the design of the structure of the wind generator is proposed. The proposed design successfully lifts a PMSG, and the wind turbine generates electric power, decreasing the physical contact largely and the noise and increasing the longevity of the rotating components.

Synthesis of titanium dioxide sol was prepared by sol-gel method, using tetrabutyl titanate as source, ethanol as solvent, acetic acid as complexing agent. A transparent sol aging in air 30min, titanium dioxide films were prepared by using spin coating method. Congo red degradation was investigated by TiO2photocatalysis. Study the efficiency of decolorization was influenced by the coating times, heat-treated time, the initial concentration of congo red and solution pH.

The uniaxial deformation properties of the SiC/Fe–20Cr composite have been studied using the Solidwork simulation software applied the finite element method (FEM). The simulated results have shown that the composites are relatively anisotropy. Fe–20Cr matrix and SiC network ceramic exhibit different mechanical behaviour. The ultimate stress is found near the interface of composites. The configuration of SiC has relatively great influence on intensity and distribution of stress in the composite. The material behaves in a nearly bilinear manner defined by the Young’s modulus and an elastic-plastic modulus. The large deformation appears inside Fe–20Cr matrix. The elastic deformation in the ceramic is accommodated by plastic deformation in the metal phase. Fe–20Cr and SiC can restrict each other to prevent from producing the strain under the load.

Removing the carbohydrate of black liquor through biological treatment to converted it into alcohol, as to improve the purity of lignin. Through the study we found that the content of lignin and carbohydrate decreased in the biological purification process. The content of lignin in alkaline black liquor decreases 12.9% after fermentation. And in alkaline sodium sulfite black liquor it decreases 6.4%. Compared with black liquor, the content of total sugar in soda black liquor decreased 77.1%. And in alkaline sodium sulfite it decreases 77.8%. The lignin purity of two kinds of black liquor will improve after the biological treatment. Lignin of alkaline black liquor by biological treatment and organic matter of black liquor ratio increase 28.74%, which increases 29.35% in alkaline sodium sulfite black liquor. The viscosity and CODcr of two kinds of black liquor will reduce after the biological treatment. The relative viscosity of alkaline black liquor after enzymolysis reduces to 1.178, while the relative viscosity of alkaline sodium sulfite black liquor reduces to1.164. The CODcr of alkali black liquor after biological treatment decreases 15.65%; and the CODcr of alkaline sodium sulfite liquor reduces 10.59%.

The leaf spring is a key component of heavy vehicle suspension. The stiffness characteristic has an important influence on vehicle ride comfort and road friendliness. Firstly, the structural features and working principle of leaf spring are introduced. Secondly the detail testing scheme of the leaf spring is proposed and the stiffness characteristics are tested through cascaded loading and unloading. The tested results show that the leaf spring has the typical features of non-linearity and hysteresis. In order to satisfy the vehicle dynamics simulation, the Fancher model is chosen to describe leaf spring nonlinear characteristics. Finally, the LSM (Least Squares Method) is utilized to identify five parameters of Fancher model based on experiment results.

This paper analyses deeply therapeutic theory of the genu varus or valgum and puts forward a physical orthopedic model that the patients are in different external force environment based on biomechanics and cartilage-derived growth theory. The mechanism structure and working principle of stretching unit, orthopedic unit and vibration unit are introduced and respective mechanical equations of above unit are established. The paper develops a prototype with which a lot of experiments and tests were made, the experiment results show that the structure of the prototype is reasonable and it can work effectively and reliably.

We treat black liquor using Aspergillus niger to extract lignin and to improve the utilization value of pulping black liquor. Results show that: The original black liquor directly to the biological treatment by Aspergillus niger, biological bacteria cannot grow, when reaction liquid pH ≤ 9; Inorganic salt concentration ≤7% (mass ratio); The black liquor load ratio is 20% (mass ratio), the condition of Aspergillus niger growth is good, the ability to produce acid is strong. After treatment of Aspergillus niger, liquid pH decreased to 3, Aspergillus niger changes settling performance of lignin, and it’s good for extraction and purification of lignin. Lignin methoxyl content reduced 2.81%, alcoholic hydroxyl content reduced 0.31%, and carboxyl content increased 0.15%.

C8051F040 was used as the core of the control system of the orthopedic rehabilitation bed to cure genu varus or valgum. The paper designed a hardware circuit, software program of the system to realize the functions that the patients were able to regulate the bed fully independently.

In alkaline conditions, magnesium salt of red liquor will produce precipitation phenomenon and generate colloidal substances. The sediment was mainly lignin sulfonate. In order to extract and separate the lignin sulfonate of red liquid, when the pH of red liquid adjusted to different pH with different alkaline solution, study on its relation to pH and the amount of alkali and precipitation, discuss the relationship to the content of precipitation lignin in red liquid, the viscosity of upper liquid after centrifugation and temperature as well. Adjusting the pH values of red liquid to 13 with NaOH, adjusting it to 12 with KOH, then adjusting its pH to 13 and adding 20 mL Ca(NO3)2. We got that the last kind of condition generate the biggest quantity of precipitation. The changes of temperature and the amount of calcium nitrate can also affect the formation of precipitation, under the optimal conditions of pH, each group of experiments got the largest amount of precipitation at 40 °C; The amount of precipitation increased following the increasing of calcium nitrate content; Ash content increased following the increasing of precipitation content.

The black liquor contains a large amount of suspended solids, organic pollutants and toxic substances, the black liquor discharged directly into water bodies will lead to serious pollution. So we regards the alkaline pulping black liquor as a research object, using autoclave to heat the mixture of aluminum chloride and soda black liquor lignin. By changing the heating temperature and the pH before the heat treatment, we analyze the lignin and carbohydrates in the cooking liquid to study cleavage situation and the corresponding structural changes. The results show that the lignin content accompanied the increase in temperature, organic matter content decreased and part of the decomposition of organic matter. Without adjusting pH, the lignin content is small and ash (inorganic) content is higher.

The lignin will drag interference in the system of the sugar determination. Dual wavelength spectrophotometry can remove the interference when making use of the DNS to detect the reducing sugar content in the black liquor. After the analysis to the absorbency graphs of the lignin and the glucose dissolved in the DNS solution at specific wave length region in the ultraviolet-visible light, and the contrast between the coefficients of the relation curves between their absorbency and their concentration at specific wave length, the test wave length is intended to be 520 and 570nm. From the relation curves between the absorbency of the lignin and its concentration at 520nm and 570nm, the magnification coefficient of the differential signal were defined as K2=5.338, K1=3.288.The correction index k=1.2. Then the concentration c (g/L) of the glucose solution can be figured out through formula c=(S/k-0.0165)×M/0.821.Then a group of glucose solution with same glucose addition but different lignin addition had been measured. So this method is effective to detect the reducing sugar content in the black liquor.

The sludge ceramsite was obtained by the way of clay and Kaolin as the additive, which could be used fillers, especially the filter media for biological aerated filters (BAFs) in the paper. The experiment showed that the ratios of clay and Kaolin, sintering temperature and sintering time are important factors. The experimental results showed that the pellets of the ceramsite was good when the pellets were heated to 1150 °C for 25 min.

In this paper, the speed control system controlled by motor speed was designed to control forward speed of underwater robot precisely. Based on the theory of double closed-loop speed control, motor control system was modeled firstly, and then regulator parameters were designed based on the engineering approaches. According to the characteristics of forward movement, the mechanical construction of sub-mini underwater robots and the comparison of various system designs, the double closed-loop regulator parameters of sub-mini underwater robots were obtained. And the propulsion system of sub-mini underwater robots was equipped with speed and current double closed-loop control. All the experimental results showed that within a certain range of motor speed, no static error could be guaranteed and the variable speed of underwater vehicle could be achieved.

The paper introduces the definition of cloud computing, characteristics and service mode. In view of the present situation of university information system construction, this paper presents a university comprehensive information system model based on cloud computing, which consists of infrastructure layer, business data processing layer, application system layer and customer service layer. The high effectiveness and advancement of information system model in infrastructure utilization ratio, information sharing degree, the security of data storage, software application mode etc are discussed.

In view of the present situation of employment information platform, this paper analyzes the characteristics and application prospect, and presents a digital employment information platform based on cloud computing (DEIPBC2). It puts forward the architecture and the System Solution of digital employment information platform. This paper discusses the virtualization and the parallel programming model on cloud computing, and realizes the employment information reliable storage and rapid processing.

How to efficiently introduce creative human capital of family enterprises, disclose the relationship between creative human capital and profit, human capital, the quantity of labor, earning distribution relationship, knowledge accumulation & institutional innovation are big tasks for Chinese enterprises’ growth. We may find the relationship between sustainable development and creative human capital is single-directional, that’s to say, creative human capital of family enterprises improves the enterprises’ sustainable development.

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) whiskers were firstly treated by sodium stearate, and then blended with polypropylene (PP) to prepare the composites by a closely intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder at 200°C. The performance of the composites, such as thermal behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties, were analyzed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical testing. The results showed that CaCO3 whisker influenced the crystalline behavior of PP phase in the blends because of its intervening. Moreover, thermo-decomposing temperature, tensile and bending strengths of the blends all increased with increasing whisker content. CaCO3 whiskers had good reinforcing and toughening effects on PP.

Family enterprise needs to absorb and integrate new management resource continuously and has unique trust mechanism; In the process of retaining professional managers, there exists the absence of trust entertainment, mechanism, and ideal and so on. It is effective to adopt pan-family regulation to integrate management resource, expand the trust space of family enterprises and retain multiple competitive systems to restrain professional executives. Consequently,effective integration of professional managers,trust and family enterprises will come true.

Corn stalk was divided into fractions by morphological characters, and the enzymatic hydrolysis of these fractions was investigated. Chemical composition and the proportions of cells of different compositions were very variable in different morphological structure fractions. This has a fundamental effect on the enzyme adsorption capability and hydrolysis performance. Cellulase, β-glucanase and xylanase were added to the husks, leaves, pith and whole stalks of cornstalks. The results of enzymatic hydrolysis of different morphological structure fractions of corn stalk were compared. It can be seen that the content of sugar degraded by β-glucanase is the highest. The fastest hydrolytic rate and the highest sugar content were obtained in the pith of corn stalks.

To correct the angular rate measurement error of MEMS gyroscopes for tactical missile, this paper proposes use of dynamics correspondence between the rudder control torque and the missile body attitude to build the state equation of system, which is more realistic and precise than the description for the actual missile attitude change with low-pass filter. In order to avoid errors in the linearization for nonlinear equations and reduce the filtering computation complexity, the Interlaced Kalman Filtering is applied to achieve the pseudo-linear state equation with coupling terms, which effectively reduce the computation complexity. Finally, the semi-physical simulation with the three-axis MEMS IMU and Electro-Servo verified that the algorithm significantly improved the angular rate measurement accuracy of the low-precision MEMS gyroscope.

This paper introduced the important role of the remote sensing satellite in remote sensing field. There existed some defects for a traditional classical AZ-EL type antenna used in tracking remote sensing satellite. The design project of Stewart manipulator antenna was presented by Stewart manipulator designing theory. The singular configuration theory of Stewart manipulator introduced position singularity, attitude singularity analysis and posture ability of Stewart manipulator was studied. The theorem of nonsingular posture was presented and proved. The nonsingular workspace area of a Stewart manipulator was determined. The antenna design based on Stewart manipulator satisfied with hemisphere airspace workspace and got the theoretical basis of realizing passing zenith tracing.

This paper aims to accurately obtain connecting plate outline. First, a camera captured a connecting plate image, then transmitted it to a computer, next converted it to a gray image, after that used Canny operator to extracted its edge information, and converted the pixel points of the gray image to rectangular coordinate values, at last found out all of the vertices of the connecting plate. Research result shows that the system is simple, its accuracy is less than 0.3%, and the data processing is convenience.

This paper discussed the bleaching process with chlorine dioxide on cotton fabric. Tests of the whiteness, capillary effect, and strength were made and the best bleaching process with chlorine dioxide was determined. Studies showed that compared with the conventional bleaching process of hydrogen peroxide, the whiteness and strength of cotton fabric treated with chlorine dioxide were higher and the capillary values was similar. Chlorine dioxide can find its good application because of its good properties and low pollution.

Environmental monitoring is one special and basal course of environmental engineering. This course has the characteristic of theory and practice, and there are some problems in teaching practice. The paper optimizes the course in three fields, such as teaching content of theory, teaching content of experiments and teaching methods. The object of course reforms is that students can grasp and understand the course contents well, at the same time they can improve the ability of innovation and solving problems.

In the paper, by means of the method of directly measuring the discharge voltage and discharge current of ignition coil, the match between hydrogen internal combustion engine (HICE) and ignition coil is studied, and the experimental research of ignition coils’ charging and discharging characteristics is carried out which leads that more accurate discharge energy is obtained. The experimental results show that the ignition coil here meets the need of the ignition of HICE; the energy corresponding to the pulse width of 5ms is the maximum one the primary coil can store; with pulse width constant the oscillation of the voltage leads to different discharge durations; the larger the charge pulse width is, the lower the utilization of coils is.

A collection and distribution scheme of urban intelligent traffic information based on video events detection is presented in this paper. In this scheme, advanced technology of computer vision, digital image processing technology, database technology, communications technology, control technology, image sensor technology and system integration technology are integrated and applied in the transportation field effectively to achieve the collection and processing of various urban traffic information and the release of integrated information, thereby traffic jams and accidents are reduced effectively. Therefore, the scheme is of great significance to promote the rapid development of transportation business and speed up the informatization process of urban transportation. And in the paper, the bus information collection and release system is employed as an example to explain the application of the system.

The development of the Mobile Internet attracts the world’s attention, and how to evaluate the value of the Mobile Internet Services is one of the basic research issues. The existing evaluation systems for the value of the Mobile Internet Services mainly concerns the customers, however a promising service also need to realize the value of the operating companies, to make the “win-win” between the customers and the operating companies. This paper has established a comprehensive evaluation system based on both of the customers and the operating companies, and verified the application of this evaluation system by taking the example of the Personal Information Services of the Mobile Internet.

3G applications have developed rapidly in some countries. The experience of operating 3G core applications from some operators is worth learning. This paper summarized five main principles based on describing the core applications of typical 3G operators: 1. Provide personalized services: provide practical services to meet the needs of customers in all aspects, act as customers’ personal assistant; 2. Provide personalized and customized services, according to the needs of different customers: According to the different characteristics of different customers, customize personalized services; 3. Provide integrated services: connect mobile phones with other tools, develop converged services; 4. Innovate services continuously: Combine with the original advantages of the companies, innovate services continuously, seek for the development of differentiation; 5. Expand the cooperation among the industrial chain, attract and develop customers: make multilateral cooperation, provide a variety of services and promote mutual development of the industry.

In this study, eight water-quality indices, such as temperature, pH, colority, DO, BOD5, CODMn, NH3-N and TP, were monitored based on the water environment of Yulong River- the only landscape river in the central area of Zibo city. The water quality assessments of each individual parameter were performed. Results showed that Yulong River had already been eutrophicated. According to the current water qualities and environmental characteristics of Yulong River, an ecological complex filter plan was proposed to remedy Yulong River.

The volatilization process of oil with uniform size media as underlying material was studied. The weight loss of oil was determined by subtracting the columns’ pre and post weight measured on an electronic balance. The results show that the gasoline in porous media volatilizes at a logarithmic rate with respect to time, and the diesel oil in porous media volatilizes at a rate which can be best modelled as a square root of time. The volatilization coefficient of gasoline increases with the increment of particle size, and it of diesel oil decreases with increment of particle size. Binomial equation and power equation can describe the relationships of gasoline and diesel oil volatilization coefficients with mean grain size respectively.

Anaerobic sludge were cultured and acclimated by adding different co-metabolism substrates under six operating conditions, using chloroform as model contaminant in an anaerobic environment. The microorganisms obtained with chloroform biodegradability were concentrated and cultured before adding into the simulated decontaminating apparatus. The results showed that the chloroform could be degraded by the microorganisms under the anaerobic condition, and the addition of co-metabolism substrates could improve the biodegradation efficiency. Moreover, the biodegradation efficiency varied with different co-metabolism matrix. The removal efficiency of pollutants could reach 75% using the microorganisms acclimated with glucose and methanol as co-metabolism substrates.

In this study, a comparison of appearance surface and fracture surface of mechanical plating was made, respectively formed by spherical Zn powders and Zn-Al compounding flake powders. It is found that the spherical particles are deposited and embedded on Zn plating. The deformation of granular Zn powders on coating superficial is relatively large, but there is little distortion of globe grain inside the coating, mainly with spheroidicity distorted. Besides, there are obvious gaps between the particles in Zn coating. In contrast, the flake structure granules of Zn-Al plating are densely and compactly laid out with small space. After contacting with air, the plating coat expands owing to aluminum oxidation, leading to the higher position of the plating coat on the cross section than the matrix metal. We then did salt mist test to verify the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al compounding flake coating. It was found that the Zn-Al compounding flake coating was superior to that formed by globe Zn powder. Results show that the addition of layers of flakes has a better shielding action resisting corrosive medium, leading to the decrease of the osmosis from corrosive medium to the coatings. And the coating can repair naturally after being damaged. We further passivate plating with molybdate to improve the anticorrosion of the coating.