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Generated during the combustion of coal for electricity production, fly ash is a solid waste and causes great ecomomic burden and serious environmental pollution. On the other hand, it is a good resource for the preparation of industrial products. Especially, alumina rich fly ash from Inner-Mongolia Guohua Junggar Power Plant typically contains 45-55% alumina, 30-40% silica, and 5-10% other metallic oxides, it is a perfect resource for alumina extraction. In order to improve the utilization value of alumina rich fly ash and lessen environmental strain, a novel approach for alumina extraction from alumina rich fly ash was proposed. The proposed process includes a pre-desilication process, soda lime sintering process, dissolving process, carbonation process and calcination process. The technological conditions for alumina extraction from Junggar alumina rich fly ash were optimized by means of orthogonal experment design. The extraction rate of alumina was 96%. Value-added products, such as electrolytic grade alumina and white carbon black, were produced at the same time.

A deep excavation in Hefei is proposed in this paper. Some useful conclusions are drawn through the analysis of the measured results including displacement of retaining structure, axial force of horizontal support and settlement of the surrounding buildings. It is useful for design, construction of similar engineering.

Raft foundation was researched in this paper,basing on the traditional “Wang Tiemeng Method”,the influence of temperature stress calculation by radiation condition was put forward emphatically. According to analysis the two calculation results, obtains the more precise temperature stress calculational method. Consequently the of concrete crack calculation and analysis result can be more precise and reliable.

In this paper, the de-silicated fly ash (DSFA) was sintered with soda and calcium oxide. Detailed analysis and characterization was carried out by using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two dominant reactions take place in the sintering process. The kinetics was studied by using Jander mode, and the sintering activation energies were determined based on the weight loss of CO2.

Mixed combustion of biomass and coal is a new combustion way of comprehensive utilization biomass and coal energy resources. Biomass is more volatile, lower combustion temperature, combustion is mainly concentrated in front, low calorific value and the use of value is limited. Coal is less volatile, high combustion temperature, combustion exothermic are mainly concentrated in coke combustion, and exothermic is high. Studying on the combustion process and the combustion characteristics of mixed combustion of biomass and coal is development technologies based of mixed combustion of biomass and coal. Choose two biomass sample Sawdust, confetti and a coal, analyze combustion characteristics to mixing sample of different ratio, to obtain combustion process of mixed sample, combustion performance impact of biomass to coal and calorific influence of coal to biomass.

A novel features identification method is proposed for mobile robot indoor environment perception. In this paper, firstly, multi-dimensional data space is building based on laser scanner data, in which corner point is located by hypothesis testing theory. Secondly, line segments are obtained and localized by fitting method, which are previously estimated using probability model. At last, experiments verify the efficiency of proposed algorithm in indoor environment.

The objective of paper is to optimize the variables of the sintering process with the six sigma philosophy. The impact of sintering temperature, Ca ratio, Na ratio and reaction time on the alumina reaching rate were primarily studied. In the research, a novel method was adopted to efficiently recover alumina and silica from high-alumina fly ash, and the response surface methodology of six sigma approach was also implemented to analysis the results obtained by the experiments. There is great significance to optimize sintering process for the industrialization of the novel method. Amount of energy consumption will be reduced in the production.

Before oxygen bleaching and hydrogen peroxide bleaching, wheat straw pulp was bleached using xylanase. The effect of enzymatic stage on pulp properties and bleachability has been studied and compared with reference (control) pulps, processed without enzyme addition. Experimental results showed that, the optimal concentration of wheat straw pulp was 10%, the optimal treatment time and dose of enzyme was 60 min and 1.25AXU/g respectively. Oxygen pressure decreased from 0.6MPa to 0.5MPa when conditions of hydrogen peroxide bleachingremained unchanged and wheat straw pulp achieved the same whiteness. Hydrogen peroxide consumption decreased from 2% to 1.8% when oxygen bleaching has the same conditions and achieved the same white degree.

Composite ceramics made of spinel structure NiMn2O4 and CaO-doped perovskite structure LaMnO3 were prepared by a conventional solid state reaction and sintered at different temperatures. The XRD patterns have shown that the major phases presented in the sintered samples are NiMn2O4 compounds with the spinel structure, La1-xCaxMnO3 with the perovskite structure and NiO with a monoclinic structure. SEM images show that the density and grain size of the composite ceramics increases with sintered temperature increasing. The electrical resistivity of the composite ceramics at 25°C is found to change significantly depending on the CaO content, while the thermal constant B is still reasonably large in the range of 2400 to 3000 K. For the composition x = 0.1, the composite with a low electrical resistivity (ρ25°C=4.46Ω·cm) and moderate B value (B25/50=2762K) was obtained. These composites could be applied as potential candidates for NTC thermistors in the suppression of the inrush current.

With the rapid development of science and technology, the concept of smart grid is proposed and continuously developed. Its inevitable to apply the current technology of Internet of Things (IOT) to Smart Grid, to make peoples access to power resources more intelligent, convenient. Considering on the actual situation, this paper starts from the smart grid concept, then makes an illustration on the relationship between the Internet of Things and Smart Grid, and detailed application analysis on seven actual cases about Things Networkings using on the Smart Grid, at last the elaboration of the development prospects and the importance of the combination of IOT and Smart Grid.

In order to analyze the influence of different compaction methods on bridge deck vibration and bridge pavement compaction quality, the field test and laboratory test of oscillating compaction and vibrating compaction were carried out. The results demonstrated bridge deck vibration caused by the intrinsic exciting force of compactor contributed to vibrating compaction. On the pattern of oscillating compaction, the disturbance of bridge deck due to the exciting force of compactor is the main factor to induce bridge vibration. Furthermore, the vibration acceleration and amplitude in lateral, longitudinal and vertical direction, oscillating compaction are much smaller than that of vibrating compaction. Compared with vibrating compaction, the rolling efficiency of oscillating compaction is obviously higher and the final compaction degree also is much higher. Besides that, phenomenon of crushing the coarse aggregate is exists in the compaction construction, in which the effect of vibrating compaction on crushing the coarse aggregate is more obvious than oscillating compaction, and the range of crushing the coarse aggregate caused by vibratory compaction is larger than oscillating compaction.

The aim of the present study was to increase bioavailability after oral administration. In this study, Panaxnotoginseng saponins (PNS) was entrapped within the long-circulating nanoparticles (LCNs) by the multiple emulsion method. The PNS-LCNs were characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, morphology, thermal properties, drug entrapment efficiency (EE), and in vitro release of the PNS. In addition, the intestinal absorption of PNS-LCNs in vitro was investigated. The pharmacokinetics of PNS-LCNs following oral administration was determined over 72 h in male rats. It was found that the mean particle size and zeta potential of the PNS-LCNs were 147±4.5nm and −44.7±1.5mV, respectively, and the entrapment efficiency (EE) was 53.93%±0.69%. differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicated that PNS has different states in PNS-LCNs and original PNS. The release pattern of the PNS-LCNs followed the Weibull model. The release parameters (T50, TD) were observed to be higher for PNS-LCNs compared with original PNS (p< 0.01) in vitro release. The intestinal absorption study indicated that the intestinal permeability coefficient (Papp) of PNS-LCNs was higher than original PNS’s. The pharmacokinetics of PNS-LCNs was studied after oral administration to male rats, PNS-LCNs provided greater area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), higher plasma concentration (Cmax), longer mean residence time (MRT) and median time to maximum drug concentration (Tmax). LCNs could be used for improving permeability and increased bioavailability after oral administration of PNS.

To gasify the mixture of sludge coming from urban sewage treatment residual and MSW is an ideal way to control the combustion of dioxins and other substances which pollute the atmosphere. Due to the complex composition of MSW and changing rapidly in the gasification parameters as much as possible, engineering require main ingredients and calorific value. The main ingredients of typical municipal sewage sludge and MSW are measured on thermobalance pyrolysis. The kinetics parameters of the gasification reaction are obtained, such as the activation energy and pre-exponential factor. These parameters synthesis mixture parameters provide the basis for hybrid gasification of the actual sludge and MSW reactor design, construction and operation.

AutoCAD is an accessorial desktop cartography software widely used in project cartography for its easy manipulation and data edit ability. GIS is a powerful tool of using computers to make dimensional with advantage of display, analysis, output and management of geographical data. The data of the two systems is not compatible and they need to be transformed for data sharing and application. This paper points out the difference of AutoCAD and GIS data, analyzes some common problems during the data transforming process and introduced the experimental study which takes example for transforming the CAD forestry map of Buyunshan country, Dalian city to ArcView geographical information system. The objective of this paper was trying to find an effective way for the transformation from CAD graphics files to geographical information system.

Hydrostatic transmission with secondary regulation based on constant pressure network (CPN) has the advantages of stepless speedless regulation, high power density, etc. This paper applies it to a Towbarless Tractor (TLT) transmission system and aims to improve its wheel control precision. A control strategy for TLT wheel coordination under driving condition is proposed and simulation is carried out in our facing-backward simulation model. The results show that good control performance can be realized by the control strategy. It can effectively achieve the goal of antislip. Moreover, the simulation analysis provides significant reference values for further development of wheel coordination controllers.

The fracture growth is one of primary causes which the refractory of ladle destroys. We have carried on the computation and the analysis to the ladle temperature field and the stress field coupling by he finite-element method. Attributes the crack state-of-art stress strain field using the J-integral, has established in the ladle refractory in the thermal load and under the molten steel load function its crack secure relations, and obtained the crack security change rule. These results have provided the support rationale to the equipment safe operation.

Hybrid biofilm reactor has become a technically as well as economically feasible option for treatment of industrial wastewater. This article presents a critical review of some basic mathematical biofilm models. Mainly focus on the development and the solution of these models. The aim is to find a reasonable and simple model of hybrid biofilm reactor under aerobic and anoxic conditions and to simulate the decontamination of petrochemical wastewater.

This paper made a study on the effect of different vibrating parameters on the air content and compressive strength of concrete by the test of using the combining method of vibrating and forced mixing, and compared it with common forced mixing and mixing with air entraining agent. It indicated that the blade of the mixer, also as the vibrating source of vibrating mixing, had a significant effect on the air content of fresh concrete and compressive strength of hardened concrete; the air content of the fresh concrete could be up to 3.0%~3.5% when the vibrating strength was 4~8, and meanwhile the compressive strength of the hardened concrete was higher; different with improving the air content by adding air entraining agent, the vibrating mixing could increase the air content in the concrete by more retained air from bubbles refined in the mixing process and make the diameters of pores inside in the decreasing direction. In this case, it could not only improve the air entraining effect to achieve the high value of air content required by the construction, but it also could increase the compressive strength of the concrete comparing with the forced mixing with air entraining agent.

Being confronted with the severity of the energy and environment problems, the world attaches more and more importance to the potential of wave energy. Based on the necessity and feasibility of wave power development, the basic principles of wave energy converter are in this paper firstly. Then some kinds of WEC’s principle, merits and drawbacks, technology application are reviewed, such as OWC, raft, Tapchan, point absorber, Salter, pendulum. After that, wave energy developing conditions in some typical countries are recommended. After reviewing the features of various wave energy converters and WEC application examples in some countries, prospect and a few problems in wave energy utilizing are stated briefly.

In order to improve mixing quality of asphalt mixture, a method of theoretical analysis and test was used to analyze the effects of negative pressure of drying drum, geometric parameters of mixer and aggregate variation ratio in hot aggregate bins on the segregation of asphalt mixture. Reasonable measures of controlling segregation in the mixing process were given out. Research results indicate that stable negative pressure of drying drum reduce the temperature segregation of asphalt mixture by controlling temperature undulation of hot aggregate and reasonable arrangement of mixing blades cut down material segregation of asphalt mixture with adequate mixing. That isn’t all, delivery proportion of the aggregate in hot aggregate bins and mesh size of vibrating sieve, properly selected according to the gradation of cold aggregate, improve quality and efficiency of asphalt mixture with lower aggregate variation in hot aggregate bins.

According to the running characteristic of an aircraft tractor and the specificity of serve target, the hybrid hydraulic system program is proposed. In the use of Adopting Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm, for the demand of aircraft tractor’s system, the multi-objective is transformed to a single objective function of the automobile’s dynamic performance and fuel economy performance by using the linear weighted method. Then the mathematical optimizing model of the powertrain is established, through calculating, reasonable parameters are gotten. The analysis of the simulation results shows that the comprehensive performance of the automobile has been remarkably promoted. On the basis of previous work, the system pressure of different weight aircraft models of traction has been optimized in order to give full play to the vehicle's performance. The research has important reference value for the theory analysis of hybrid systems and engineering applications.

A special test setup was designed and used in compression shear test of unidirectional carbon fiber composites to study the effect of short fiber interleaves (SFIs) on the interlaminar shear behavior. The comparative tests for two kinds of double-notched compression specimens, with and without SFIs, were carried out to determine the interlaminar shear strength and modulus (ILSS and ILSM) and to examine the failure characteristics. To determine ILSM of the specimens with SFIs an inversion analysis method was proposed based on comparing compression displacement of specimens with and without SFIs. The experimental results show that SFIs makes ILSS decreasing due to lower interface strength, and the complex damage process of SFIs leads to a considerable increase of interlaminar shear compliance.