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The merging unit is used to realize the digitalization and sharing of the data of process and is widely used with the electronic voltage transformer (EVT) and electronic current transformer (ECT). As the construction of smart substation which is presented by the state grid company of china, a serial new requirements and needs about the merging unit are proposed and the merging unit which only sends the sampling value can not meet it. The new demands of the smart substation are analyzed, The design of hardware and the implement of the function are presented. The multifunction which including the model of sampling, the data catenation, the acquisition of status signal through GOOSE , the voltage parallel and switching and the synchronization of device are analyzed in detailed. At the end, the function of intelligent diagnosis and debug is introduced. The device has been used in the project of smart substation and takes good effect.

According to the new changes brought out by the smart substation, including disappearance of the traditional concept of terminal and replacement of the original point to point cable connection by optical fiber network, a new design method of GOOSE “virtual terminal” is put forward. The method contains GOOSE “virtual terminal”, virtual terminal logic connection line, GOOSE configuration table and virtual terminal information flow diagram, and solves some problems of digital protection, measurement and control device, such as without contact, no terminal, no wiring etc. of GOOSE information. The design method was applied in the engineering practice of the south of Changshu 500kV smart substation in Suzhou, and the effect of designing was very good.

Currently, VLAN technology in engineering practice of smart substation has become mature, but due to the limitation of device support and simulation technology, the system implementation scheme based on GMRP has few mature case studies can be carried out. Through the study of IEC61850 standard, the special simulation system of substation simulation based on discrete event simulation technique is designed and implemented. Finally, the completed of the simulation of data transmission in smart substation and the simulation analysis based on GMRP, proves that the use of GMRP protocols in data transmission is feasible.

The real time synchronous sampling of large basic data information and the networking information sharing have laid necessary foundation for smart substation advanced application. The advanced application of smart substation is the multi-index optimization analysis and control strategy research which based on digitization of information transmission and networking of information sampling. This paper aimed at health state analysis and control strategy research of substation equipment and network environment, which based on the theory of multi-element data analysis and double network and double measuring and control.

The key support technology of smart substation testing technology is analyzed, the concrete application of smart substation is combined with the traditional network testing, and the function of real-time network packet analysis is introduced, which has make the process of smart substation layer network test form a closed loop system, extend and improve the system of smart substation performance test. And links to the reality, to the transformer substation switchboard network storm suppression function, the time delay, lost projects and so on the frame rate to carry on the statistics, the contrast has confirmed this plan feasibility and the validity.

Offline Configuration Resources about Smart substation Multi-dimensional and multi-objective customization and information merger is an important means of the development for the large-scale grid operation. In this paper, the method of smart substation model customization and information merger for multi-level control center is proposed. This paper puts forward the scheme、data flow and key technologies of model customization and information merger. The software of model customization and information merger, which can flexibly configure the rule of model reduction and information merger according to different scenarios, is designed and developed. The software is validated in the laboratory, which illustrates that idea of this paper has good potential value.

In view of the current network structure of the Smart Substations in China, the industrial Ethernet is analyzed with respect to the presence of long latency that may be found in the communication of Smart Substation, the configuration complexity that is not conducive to repair and the maintenance involving relatively high economic costs. A connection-oriented switching network technology is then proposed on similar issues, with a leaky bucket model being built up based on the substation information flow. Subsequently, the service classification and priority scheduling mechanism are placed to introduce the network calculus to calculate the delay bound of each of information flows. Conclusively, based on the IEC62439, a network communication method for Smart substation is established to solve the problems with the Industrial Ethernet application in smart substation.

The new generation of smart substation puts forward higher requirements to sensing technology. Based on the needs of these requirements, four kinds of special optical fiber sensing technology in power systems were researched: all-optical current transformer, distributed temperature sensing technology, fiber grating vibration sensing technology and fiber Bragg grating sensing technology. These kinds of optical fiber sensing technology for the new generation of smart substation to enhance its performance were analyzed. Finally, based on the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, the online oil and winding temperature monitoring system was constructed for the new generation of smart substation.

Synchronized phasor measurement unit (PMU) has become the important monitoring device in power networks for high precision and accurate time tag of measurement data. This paper presents the PMUs suitable for smart substation which adopt embedded software-hardware platform. The differences between the common PMUs and PMUs for smart substation are introduced, and the software modules design is put forward, too. The key technology of PMUS is introduced including receiving and processing of sampling data message based on IEC 61850 standard and phasor calculation based on discrete Fourier transform.

In order to adapt to the development of smart substation metering technology , and to improve the efficiency and quality of the on-site calibration of the electronic transformer. On the basis of the existing calibration system, combined with wireless transmission and of new synchronization technologies, focused on the IEC 61850 data and precision clock wireless transmission device to achieve difficult problems in-depth analysis, then the implementation of electronic transformer on-site wireless calibration system is proposed.

This paper simply introduces a smart substation monitoring system which is designed based on the IEC61850 communication standard and uniform background. The project is the integration of online monitoring unit and the intelligent components. It uploads the information of the integrated intelligent components and integrates the online monitoring system based on IEC61850.The paper also analyzes testing basic principles of the substation equipment online monitoring system, designs the basic program of the conformance testing of smart substation equipment online monitoring system, thus illustrate the feasibility of the test program.

The technology of secondary equipment condition diagnosis and failure functional recovery could improve security, stability and effectiveness in smart substation. The development of status diagnosis and trends is summarized , and outstanding issues are discussed. The program of state diagnosis and failure function recovery are proposed on the basis of exiting technology; diagnosis model based on IEC 61850network device discovery and failure function recovery, etc are mainly studied. The smart substation secondary equipment diagnostic and failure function recovery are explored, which meets the development of mart grid self-healing and self-control.

With the development of internet of things (IoT), various of sensors play important roles in applications, especially in smart grid. The electrical substations usually deploy many sesors to sense the environment or control power facilities etc., such as temperature and humidity sensor, SF6sensor etc, to organize as a wireless sensor network (WSN) to cooperate for intelligent operation. In this paper, we deploy some special sensors in the substation and design a hierarchical architecture of WSN for information collection. According to the observation and operation result, the wireless sensor network can effectively acquire the environmental object and monitor the substation assets, which can effectively improve the operation capability of substation.

Since smart grid construction started, the intelligent substation network has become the hot topic. This paper combined with IEC61850 in the smart substation data sampling, analyzes the frequency and bandwidth characteristics of the wireless network for the current smart substation missing information content. It studies the application of wireless network reliability verification. The article discusses the application program from three following important respects: the WLAN design coverage, flow and load, application needs. It describes the key problems of the wireless network data sampling implement from the data sampling time. At the same time the futures application of the wireless network sampling in the smart substation is prospected.

The paper studied the outside attachment of fibre optical current transformer in smart GIS substation innovation projects. Based on Ampere circuital theorem, sensing optical fibre can be wrapped around the flange at the bottom of the GIS bushing without modification damage on GIS components and long time power cut. The experiment result proved the accuracy and feasibility of this new application. Furthermore, kinds of electronic transformers are compared with fibre optical current transformer, and the analysis gives a conclusion that fibre optical current transformer could be the optimization of system design in smart substation innovation projects.

The electrical substation consists of many smart devices to monitor operating environment or control power facilities etc., which requires various sensors, such as temperature and humidity sensor, SF6 sensor etc, to organize as a wireless sensor network (WSN) to cooperate for intelligent operation. In this paper, we design an architecture of WSN for the smart substation, and introduce the applications in detail, including the temperature, humidity, waterlogging, SF6 gas and leakage current and 3D holographic visualization. The operation shows our solution can effectively sense the environmental object and monitor the substation assets.

Currently in the smart substation, the traceability method of the digital metering system is a sub-component traceability method, which means that the electronic transformer and the digital power meter are calibrated separately. However, the calibrations of the electronic transformer and the digital power meter have been the problem of measuring department, its traceability having been unable to be a good solution. In this situation, this paper proposes a new digital metering system calibration method, and the overall error of the digital metering system can be calibrated. An on-site calibration of digital metering system was carried out on the heihe xigangzi substation. The result showed that this digital metering system error was 1.013%, which is consistent with the theoretical value.

This paper introduces the smart substation hardware-in-loop simulation training system structure based on the analysis of the smart substation simulation training requirements. The training system scheme has been designed according to the different training requirements to support training of staffs in smart substation for operating and maintenance in all possible ways. Combining with the practical solutions, the application of the training system will be introduced. This design scheme will take important effect in the development of smart substation and its operating and maintenance training.