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With the significant development of wind power, it has been inevitable for wind farm cluster to integrate into the system from the grid end, therefore, the power grid loss problem of large-scale wind power integration is highlighted. At first, we construct a power transmission system model with large-scale wind power integration, get the power grid loss calculation formula of the system, and induce the change laws of the power grid loss by the constraints of power transmission channel flow. And then, based on the structure of Gansu power grid, we do some simulations about power grid loss distribution by the constraints of power transmission channel flow, and verify the correctness of theoretical derivation.

Currently, the problem of energy crisis and environmental deterioration on the world is extremely urgent, so people now are trying to turn to many kinds of renewable energy to solve these problems. Of these renewable energies, because of its cleanness and availability, wind power has broadened prospect and in recent years, it is considered to connect wind power to the grid in large quantities to make full use of it. However, wind power possesses the shortcoming such as randomness so that when it is connected to the grid, it may have great impact to the grid and damage the balance of the power system. Based on the fluctuation regularity of load and the characteristics of volatility, intermittent and randomness of wind power, the operation characteristics when large-scale wind power is connected to the grid and active regulation characteristics of conventional power source such as fire power, the multi time-scale “source to source” active coordinated control technique is proposed.

The subject relationship between the AM500 Shearer malfunction omen and reason is fuzzy, therefore, in the thesis we draw fuzzy mathematic method into Shearer malfunction diagnosis, bring forward setting up the fuzzy membership grade method which is based on the history data and expert preferential ordinal number, found the fuzzy diagnostic model, carry out the fuzzy diagnosis on AM500 Shearer malfunction in computer.

The mechanical properties of 60Si2Mn were investigated with the cooling rate changing under new finishing temperature. Results showed: the mechanical properties of 60Si2Mn plate depend on the finishing temperature and the cooling rate changing. The microstructure of ferrite and pearlitic lamellar is thinning, and sorbitic content and HV increase with the cooling rate increasing under the same finishing temperature.

During the strip laminar cooling process, the switching of cooling valves is decided by different operating modes, initial and rolling-terminating conditions. Aimed at shortening the development cycle and at the same time assuring the quality and regularity of the controlling program, this paper has designed a hot strip laminar cooling prediction software adopting the RTW code generating technique. First, the Simulink model of the cooling process is built. Second, the model is converted by RTW into C code which can launch without Matlab. Finally, the graphical user interface design is completed with the generated code incorporated in. Experiment shows that the software developed with this method can gain the same results as Simulink model. The work of manual coding is substantially reduced. The combination of convenient modeling of Simulink and flexible GUI designing of VC can provide better reliability and practicability than traditional software developing.

This paper based on the analysis of system structure, uses the method of rate-variable fundamental in-tree of system dynamics, and establishes the feedback structure model of green supply chain management (GSCM) implementation system, using the minimum Archetype Generating set to generate the small feedback archetypes, and find out the dominant factors in the system. Through analyzing the feedback archetypes of the system, put forward to the countermeasures and measures to improve the quality of GSCM implementation.

The design of the portable formaldehyde detector based electrochemical sensors with microcontroller is introduced in the paper .In conducting the test, the formaldehyde-containing gas diffusion to the sensor internal to react with the internal electrolyte and generates a weak current signal, the current signal through the working circuit is converted to a voltage signal, the voltage signal via the signal processing circuit, and it is collected and processed by MCU after input to the A/D. the signal is communicated with operator through the buttons and LCD.

By use of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis-UASB-SBR continuous process, treatment of an actual alkali dyeing wastewater (pH 11.50~13.50) taken from a certain factory in Xian-Yang was studied. The results indicated that: (1) When the influent COD is 1000~1600 mg·L-1, chroma 250 times, firstly effluent COD reduced to 400~800 mg·L-1and chroma 40 times by iron-carbon micro-electrolysis process, secondly effluent COD dropped to 250~500 mg·L-1by UASB process, finally effluent COD dropped to 70~98 mg·L-1by a SBR with loading PVA micro-gel beads, which meet the direct emission limits of water pollutants for dyeing and finishing of textile industry (GB 4287-2012); (2) Effective combination process of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis with UASB-SBR can be obtained through HRT optimization of micro-electrolysis reaction (HRT=10), that not only meet the requirement influent pH of anaerobic reactor, but also greatly reduce the cost of alkaline in practical application of iron carbon micro-electrolysis.

A new automatic text summarization based on discourse structure of Chinese is proposed and build a summarization system. System has 3 steps: first, generates contributing the text physical structure tree; after that, it analyses the content of original texts by fusing the complex sentence, RST and many characteristic of the language, and gives RST and complex sentence analysis algorithm, then it has the logistic relation between the each level of the text and the logistic structure; finally, using the rule of the ambiguity is applied to improve the fluency of the summary last. The evaluation results of the system are satisfied.

The main accumulating rock types of Yingshan Fault Depression in Songliao Basin were various volcanic lava and volcanic breccias, and the accumulating spaces included primary and secondary two kinds. Though the primary accumulating spaces took the small proportion, they provided favorable conditions for paulopost reconstruction. The development and evolution of volcanic rock accumulating spaces can be divided into four stages. The first is the forming stage of primary accumulation spaces, and the secondary is weathering and leaching stage. These two stages are dominated by construction. The third is shallow burying and structural fracture developing stage, with coexisting of construction and destruction, but dominated by construction. The fourth is deep burying stage, which is dominated by destruction.

Human life and work are affected by PM2.5, so it is very necessary to get the real-time detection of PM2.5 every day. Remote monitoring is achieved by the LM3S8962 with Ethernet module as control core, and then the detect signals about PM2.5 air quality are transmitted by Ethernet communications. It has been proved by our experiment that Air quality testing data can be obtained in real time by experiments. It can be conclusion that the data of experimental is right by comparing.

A platform for digital electronic technology is presented based on FPGA, which is built by using of Cyclone III EP3C5E of ALTERA. The platform is engineered not only for a variety of digital circuit designs but also for in-system programmable design. Voter system as an example, function of design is completed by design of module and the hardware language, and the result is compared with other function modules. Furthermore, the accuracy of the running result from platform was analyzed by using design of system module. The performance test results show that the platform adequately satisfies the need of digital electronic technology and run well.

In accordance with low success ratio of lithology identification in carbonate formation, a made of Identifying lithology of carbonate rocks through fuzzy mathematics has set up. 8 logging parameters reflecting lithology of carbonate rocks were selected and threshold values were determined. Lithologies of carbonate rocks were classified by using this identification mode and maximum subordination principle. Using field data identified 10 types of carbonate rocks, and they were compared with the result of core analysis, showing 85 % consistency. Therefore this method has higher accuracy for identification of carbonate lithology, and is quite promising in geological application.

Using core analysis, thin slice identification, logging analysis and seismic interpretation, systemic study upon sedimentary types, sedimentary facies, physical and oil bearing properties of each sedimentary microfacies, etc presenting in underwater alluvial fan of Kerqin oilfield of Kailu basin in China, is performed. To identify sedimentary characteristics of underwater alluvial fan and determine its oil bearing property so as to develop this type of reservoir reasonably and effectively. Underwater alluvial fan comprises of 5 kinds sedimentary facies: clastic flow, high density flow, low density flow, overflow and river channel sedimentation. Further division includes three sub-facies, i. e. tail, body and front part of underwater alluvial fan, among which braided structure of body part features favorable accumulation and oil bearing properties. Underwater alluvial fan is formed from the double action mechanisms of gravitational flow and traction flow. Body microfacies are primary oil bearing play and braided channel is the main future development target.

Introduce a piezoelectric energy generator (PEG) with support device excited by the magnetic coupling force between rotating magnets fixed on a rotator and nickel plate fixed on a piezo-beam. The influence of magnetic force (number of the magnets), rotating speed and the work condition of the piezo-beam (with support device or free condition) on energy generation of the PEG was investigated experimentally. The research results show that there are several optimal rotating speeds for the PEG to achieve peak voltage at speed range of 0 to 1200r/min. Under the distance of rotating magnets and the piezo-beam is given, the peak voltages rise with the increasing of rotating magnets number and rotating speed.The maximum peek voltages from the PEG with 2/3/4 rotating magnets fixed on the rotator are 14.4/18.6/20.2V respectively and optimal rotating speeds are 660/456/348r/min. The support device makes optimal rotating speeds move backward, exerts great influence on the rising phases of the peak voltages, prevents piezo-beam from deforming excessively and improve the reliability of PEG.

Based on a number of stratigraphic sedimentary information included in log data, application of the Artificial Neural Network to identify sedimentary microfacies from well logging data can complete the series auto-interpreting. The application can improve the auto-interpreting accuracy and make us get more satisfied results. Ten parameters from the well logging curves are selected for to describing their shape characteristics when the deposition patterns of 8 in gas-bearing formation of Upper Paleozoic group, Ordos basin are studied. Effective parameters were selected on the basis of cores, and based on artificial neural network pattern recognition technique; the sedimentary microfacies of well cross section were auto-interpreted. About 300 wells and the results were interpreted by using the software. The software will be fit for the researchers who have the experiences of geological interpretation and some backgrounds of local geology.

The sewage treatment industry intensively consumes energy, which results in high operating costs and aggravates the energy crisis in China to a certain extent. Therefore, the study of the energy consumption and conservation of sewage treatment processes is of high realistic significance. Domestic and overseas sewage treatment processes, their current status of energy consumption and energy audit, as well as the trend of sewage treatment processes and their energy conservation are explored to obtain theoretical enlightenment on the energy conservation, emission reduction, and sewage treatment recycling in China. The results show that the activated sludge process is mainly used in Chinese sewage treatment plants. The average energy consumption of all sewage treatments is 0.30 kWh/m3 in China. CASS achieved the lowest amount of average energy consumption at 0.24 kWh/m3. SBR obtained the largest energy consumption of 0.36 kWh/m3. The energy consumption is 0.06 kWh/m3 for sewage lifting, 0.178 kWh/m3 for sewage treatment, and 0.028 kWh/m3 for sludge treatment in China.

Continuous treating process by iron-carbon micro-electrolytic technology treating actual dyeing wastewater was studied, performance of the micro-electrolysis reactor (MER) assembled homemade iron-carbon micro-electrolysis materials (MEM) and the process of alkaline addition, the properties of iron mud (flocculation precipitation produced from alkaline addition) were also investigated. The results shows that:(1) COD removal rate of MER was stable at around 60%, and the chroma could reached less than 40 times at stable stage of 60 days operation; (2) According to 30 days of continuous operation test, 7.6 kg of iron mud was produced when one ton wastewater was treated in this system; it was also found that iron mud can be recycled as raw materials for the synthesis of MEM by EDS analysis; (3)Effluent reflux (reflux ratio 1~1.5) could effectively reduce the dosage of alkali in practical process.

Chemical Oxygen Demand was split into SA (volatile acid / fermentation products), SF (fermentable, readily bio-degradable organic substrates), XS (slowly biodegradable substrates), SI (Inert soluble organic material) and XI (Inert particulate organic material). Research of how these model components affect the oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa) was studied in this paper. The results showed that with the increase of SA, KLa decreased, KLa first decreased when SF was in 25-100 mgCOD/L, then it increased in 100-200 mg/L,then it decreased again. XS has a poor regularity and slight infect on oxygen mass transfer, XI, SI may inhibit the oxygen transfer.

The microstructural evolution was investigated during partial remelting of 6061 aluminum bulk alloy prepared by cold-pressing of atomized alloy powders. Meanwhile, the effect of heating temperature on semisolid microstructure was also studied. It was found that after partial remelted, a semisolid microstructure with small and nearly spherical particles can be obtained. The microstructural evolution can be divided into three stages: the rapid coarsening of grains and powders, the structure separation and spheroidization of powders, and the final coarsening behavior of primary particles. For most of the primary particles (larger than 10 μm) in the semisolid state, one particle originates from one original powder in the cold-pressed bulk alloy. Furthermore, proper elevated the heating temperature is beneficial to obtain ideal semisolid microstructure.

A new method for encoding and reconstruction high quality video image is given in this paper which uses the theory of compressed sensing. First the image frame of video is transformed into DCT domain. Then Image coding and decoding process using CS theory is given, frame I in image sequences is coded by frame coding mode after doing CS sampling to the DCT coefficients and the difference vector dv of the t-th fame for fame P. CS reconstruction and IDCT are done during decoding. Finally, the high quality reconstructed image is obtained. The experimental results shows that for images with sparseness, the image coding and decoding system integrated with CS theory and its methods can be used to obtain reconstructed images with high quality, and comparing with DCT and IDCT method, the method has some improvement in the term of PSNR for general images.

In order to lay raw materials foundation for increasing the performance of insulating brick with the low grade quartz sand along the Yangtze River, the quartz porous ceramic materials was researched in this paper. The results show the porosity of the porous quartz ceramics decreased with an increase in the sintering temperature. The pore is like the bowl shape, and the pore is closed pore, which is help to improve the heat insulation property of quartz porous ceramics. The CaSiO4 is produced in the ceramics after sintering processing. The shape is better, and the microstructure is circular and symmetrical pore, which is help to improve the mechanical property of quartz porous ceramics.

This paper proposes an optimal mean power function index based on the weighted multi-index method for the electrical network containing wind farm. It combines the index of Jacobi matrix mutual condition number with the index of sensitivity inverse matrix elements the power and are obtained by the self program. The EPRI-36 node test system and a regional power grid containing large wind farms are selected to test the validity of the proposed index. The results show that this index has a shorter calculation time and accurate prediction compared to the traditional voltage stability indexes. It is available to predict the voltage stability of the electrical network containing wind farm under light load and provide a new theoretical method to analyze the voltage stability.

This paper sets out to given a geometric method for solving three-arm five degrees of freedom manipulator kinematics inverse problem. With the both eyes stereo-identity system, the bomb-disposed robot accomplished the Explosive Ordnance Disposal mission in a completely open environment. using image recognition technology, estimation about producing weight and clamping width in the image of the suspicious explosive object is obtained. The project is proved feasible by experiment.

A preliminary study on the micro-structure of a special sericite-jade material has been carried out by using the XRD and SEM methods. By XRD analysis, the 2M1 type sericite is identified as the main mineral composition of the white-colored, yellow-colored and green-colored jade. Quartz, as the secondary mineral, is also common in the green-colored jade. However, the dominant mineral composition of the black-colored jade is chlorite. SEM analysis reveals both the micro-morphology of the jade-forming minerals and the micro-structure of the mineral aggregates are various, which have significant relationships with the Guangning jade quality. Minuscular mineral grains and compact micro-structure make jade materials exquisite. Conversely, large mineral grains and the loose micro-structure make jade materials more rougher.

This paper mainly studies wind power fluctuations how to affect voltage stability after the wind power grid integration, and reactive power compensation equipment on improving effect. In certain parts of the wind farm, for example, firstly, analyzing the wind farm reactive power problems. Then introduce the reactive power compensation equipment that used in the wind farm. Finally, with PSCAD software, making a simulation analysis about the influence on the power grid voltage according to adopting the different reactive power compensation devices or not.

Two secure, high-efficient and feasible e-cash schemes are proposed in this thesis based on elliptic curve by using blind signature system, the schemes are completed by three protocols, namely, withdrawal protocol, payment protocol and deposit protocol. The two schemes make advantage of blind parameter, namely, after cash is received by Bank, cash is also hardly connected with the signature at some times. They are simple and easily realized. The elliptic curve cryptographic algorithm is adopted in the scheme, the length of the private key is short, and its efficiency and strength is significantly higher than e-cash scheme based on RSA signature proposed by D.Chaum. There is no effective solution to the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP), therefore, the schemes are safe.

Polymerizations of VAc was carried out using AIBN as the initiator and DIP as the MADIX agent precursor. Then, block copolymer PVAc-b-PNVA had been synthesized by RAFT radical polymerization in the presence of PVAc-DIP as macro CTA. The length of blocks could be tuned by changing the molar ratio of NVA and VAc. Block copolymer PVAc-b-PNVA self-assembled into micelles in solution, and underwent microphase separation in bulk state.

Huashan granite-type uranium ore deposit is originated within the Huashan granite pluton in northeast of Guangxi, the mineral (mineralization) occurrences already found include Changchong, Baishijiao and Caomiping. Previous studies are relatively weak, especially in mineralogical characteristics, in this paper, a detailed study of minerals has been carried out through EPMA and EDS, the results show that the uranium mineral compositions of the three mineral (mineralization) occurrences are significantly different, but all of them are of secondary uranium minerals, among them, the main component of Changchong mineral (mineralization) occurrence is (meta-) autunite, of Baijiaoshi mineral (mineralization) occurrence is kasolite, and of Caomiping mineral (mineralization) occurrence is torbernite and zeunerite, which reflect the difference of their minerals sources.

Gear profile deviation means deviation of actual gear profile compared with normal gear profile which is calculated in the gear end plane erected with gear involutes. And it is a main project for assessing moving tranquility. But tradition measuring machines couldn’t own universality well, and they were prone to being impacted by human beings. The paper shows a new method that DMIS programs for inspecting gear profile deviation can be generated automatically in Pro/CMM software according to CAD model of gear and then coordinate measuring machine will be driven by them to inspect gear profile deviation. The measurement method can achieve high-precision measurement collection points, high efficient measurement process, less manual intervention and low-level error.

Under the mass of finite element analysis, the dynamic response characteristic and the influence law on lining mechanical of the existing disease tunnel which is influenced by newly built tunnel in process of construction are studied. The study shows that the cavities behind the lining have amplification effects on both the vibration speed and stress of the lining, which may induce structural failure of the lining structure; while superimposed effect between cavities has little effect on vibration speed, it has significant amplification effect on stress and leads to surging of additive tension stress; it is recommended that for the condition with more than one cavity, stress criterion should be introduced in as a complement. The study results can be applied to conducting the site monitoring and construction.

7A60 aluminum alloy was treated under different retrogression time, and the micro-structure, mechanical properties and stress corrosion behaviors were observed and determined by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and slow strain rate tester. The results shown that with the increasing of retrogression time the precipitates within the grains were gradually grown up, and the precipitates along the grain boundaries were changed from small and closely spaced into coarse and widely spaced ones. The elongation and toughness ratio of 7A60 alloy increased obviously with the retrogression time, whereas the tensile strength and hardness of 7A60 alloy decreased. The optimum retrogression time is about 60min, under which 7A60 alloy has a best combination of tensile strength, ductility and stress corrosion resistance.

This paper presents a method using the PCI motion controller which provides function of space linear interpolation to implement space arc trajectory planning on three dimensional motion platform. While make plane constraint to space spherical, we get space arc trajectory in Cartesian Coordinate System. Using the constraint arc by appropriate of precision discrete, function of space linear interpolation and the movement buffer nested in controller card to implement space arc movement. Writing control interface by using VC++ and actually validated on XYZ-three dimensional motion platform. The result confirmed feasibility and accuracy of this method.

With preplaced Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V + BN powder mixtures, the Ti-base composite coatings with in-suit synthesis nano particulates were obtained by laser cladding on titanium alloy substrate. The microstructures, fracture morphology, phase composition and mechanical property were studied by SEM, XRD and micro-hardness tests. The results show that, there are two kinds of typical nano particulates in the composites, i.e. the TiB with a diameter of ~400nm and the Ti2N with a diameter of ~10 nm. Both the TiB and Ti2N reinforced particulates are uniformly distributed in the composites. As a result, the average hardness of the composites were ~360HV0.05 which is about 20% higher than the substrate. In the composites, the distribution of Ti2N particulates shows a peculiar characteristic of dendrite-like morphologies. The analysis shows that the Ti2N precipitates out from the solid state α-Ti(N) is the reason why Ti2N is only of a diameter of ~10nm and distributes in a certain way of dendrite-like morphologies.

By using advanced IPv6 technology, This paper presents a design of family wireless medical sensor networks(WMSN) and a implementation of ECG and temperature monitoring sensor node. The 6LoWPAN medical sensor nodes can add into the WMSN rapidly and the biomedical data are routed into the Internet through the gateway, therefore, it can get the information of health record on the web expediently and simply. In addition, this paper proposes a scheme of telemedicine for convenient and secure medical service.

The spatial fluid model in diesel engine was built, and multiphase flow transient numerical simulation of working process of diesel engine was done based on computational fluid dynamics. The visualized result of simulation shows the distribution of flow field, press and particle trajectory which can hardly tested direct under the actual working condition. Swirl formed during the intake process and accompanied the whole working process of diesel engine. Keywords: Diesel engine; Numerical simulation; Flow field; Particle trajectory

Based on the analysis of the state of human body falling, this paper designed a kind of fall detection alarming apparatus based on the change of acceleration. The principle is detecting the 3-axis’s acceleration change of sensor caused by change of the body posture when the wearer falls down. When the signal of body falling is detected, the fall detection alarming apparatus emits audible alarm signals. The alarm information will be send to guardian automatically through short message or calling by GPRS module, at the same time, it will be store and send to remote monitoring web page of the smart home through IEEE 802.15.4E wireless way in order to remote alarm notification.

NET Remoting is a way of communication between the processes in .NET frameworks. It can be used for communication between different applications based on CLR on different computers on the network, it can also be used for communication between different applications based on CLR on the same computer. Firstly, the working principles of .NET Remoting are discussed. Secondly, a basic structure model for file transfer system based on .NET Remoting is proposed. Finally, gives the implementation of a file transfer and management system using .NET Remoting and SQL Server, which is safe, efficient and practical

La–doped TiO2 thin films were synthesized using TTIP, IPA , Acetic acid ,and La2¬O3 as precursors by sol-gel method and dip-coating method. The different molar raitos of La/Ti ( 0.025,0.050,0.075 and 0.100 ) were supported on ITO glass to product photocatalytic electrodes. The properties of both TiO2/ITO and La- TiO2/ITO photocatalytic electrodes were characterized by FE-SEM,BET and XRD. The FE-SEM and BET analytical results demonstrate that La-TiO2/ITO particles have uniform shape and small size (＜10nm ) compared with TiO2/ITO. Anotherway, the XRD resultes show that when more molar raitos of La/Ti the crystallites become more percent to of rutile. The La-TiO2/ITO photocatalytic electrode with molar raito 0.05 shows the best photocatalysis with mineralization rate after four hours reaction. On this condition, different Acid Yellow 17 initial concentration and UV light intensity have been research. Applied potential 2.0V would effectively increase the decolonization rate under visible light irradiation.

Assembly is an important process in the manufacturing processes. For the badly self-adaptive and flexibility, the stuck phenomena and inefficient are often occurred with certain the assembly precision and fit, by using the robot for assembly. In this paper, the kinematics analysis of the three joints robot, which is used to assembly the bearing, is analyzed; the end joint movement angle formula is calculated. The force sensor is used during the assembly process. To ensure the assembly process, a new way is proposed to find the compliant assembly centre, which help the assembly robot to complicate the assemble process. The bearing assembly process is introduced by the three joint robots system.

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films doped with both Phosphor and Nitrogen are deposited by ratio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The effect of gas flow rate of ammonia (FrNH3) on the composition, microstructure and optical properties of the films has been investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and ellipsometric spectra, respectively. The results show that with the increase of FrNH3, Si-N bonds appear while the short-range order deteriorate in the films. Besides, the optical properties of N-doped n-type a-Si:H thin films can be easily controlled in a PECVD system.

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin film has nowadays attracted much attention in a wide range of electronic applications as in image sensors and in solar cells because of its merits and compatibility with semiconductor technology. In this paper, the background of a-Si:H thin film technology and microbolometer technology has been described in details. According to optical admittance matrix method, the multilayer film system based on a-Si:H thin film was simulated by MatLab software, mainly for the simulation of infrared absorption layers and the simulation of microbolometer. The results show that the combination of TiN film and a-Si:H film is suitable for the design of microbolometer within the middle and far infrared wave band (8-14µm), and the infrared absorptivity of the modified microbolometer can reach over 90%.

In order to obtain the optimal situation of the output shaft load in different bearing support system, this paper has established output shaft load calculation model in one bearing, double bearings and three bearings support system to compare the calculation results. Use equivalent output shaft to do theoretical calculation and use finite element method to calculate the strength and stiffness of the uniform output shaft for comparison among three types of support. The results shows that stress value of output shaft with theoretical calculation is closed to the value with finite element method, but reverse as the deformation of output shaft, and the optimization values are less than 1% with three supporting bearings.

This study proposed a new type of hydrocyclone. A rotating ring containing one pair of symmetric blades was attached to the overflow pipe. The momentum of the inlet fluid drove the ring/blades to rotate, and the rotating blades swept small-sized particles to the hydrocyclone wall to be discharged from underflow. This design can destroy circulation flow on hydrocyclone roof and make small-sized particles to be separated.

PWM (Pulse width modulation) has been widely used in power converter control. This paper is the development of a high-frequency PWM generator architecture for power converter control using FPGA and CPLD ICs. The proposed architecture is based on a special design synchronous binary counter and can be easily interfaced to a microcontroller or DSP system. The resulting PWM frequency depends on the target FPGA or CPLD device speed grade and the duty cycle resolution requirements.

By using the theory of complex adaptive system(CAS), a searching analysis of Eco-Industrial Cluster was put forward by the strategy of control, organization and evolvement,then proved that Eco-Industrial Cluster system is a real complex adaptive system(CAS), a relevant concept model was built up, and then a dynamic simulation modeling for Eco-Industrial Cluster also constructed on SWARM platform. By researching the complexity, creativity, learning and adaptability of the system, the author was trying to build up a new theory and practice method for both programmers and managers of Eco-Industrial Clusters.

Uniform cyclomatrix polyphosphazene spheres with diameter of about 410 nm were firstly synthesized rapidly at room temperature by precipitation polymerization of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene with 4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol, using triethylamine as acid-acceptor and acetonitrile as solvent. Then, monodisperse carbon spheres with abundant micropores were produced by carbonization of the polyphosphazene spheres at a high temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. As-produced carbon spheres were well characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX, and N2 adsorption technique. Results show that the carbon spheres possess an average diameter of 320 nm, a BET surface area of about 752 m2·g-1, a total pore volume of 0.55 m3·g-1, and a micropore size distribution.

Swelling tests of remolded expansive soil with water immersing are carried out by use of the simple consolidometers. The swelling characteristics of the expansive soil under the different initial conditions are studied. The Dose Response model is used to fit the rules of swelling time interval for expansive soil with water immersing. The quantitative relationship among the swelling and initial overburden pressure, initial water content and initial dry density is attained by use of the three dimensional regression analyses. The important index obtained could be provided to the engineering design, construction and stability evaluation of expansive soil slopes.

In the present study, Cr3C2-NiCr coatings have been deposited using high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) system from two commercially available powders with different NiCr contents (25 and 40 wt.%) and manufactured by different process (the blended and agglomerated-sintered). Coating microstructures were studied by scan electron microscopy (SEM). Hardness, erosive wear performance of the two coatings was measurement. The influence of powder characteristics on the microstructure and erosive performance of Cr3C2-NiCr coatings was investigated. The erosion mechanism of Cr3C2-NiCr coatings was examined through the surface morphology of the eroded coatings. The results indicated that Cr3C2-NiCr coating hardness decreased from 822 to 702 Hv with increasing NiCr content from 25 wt.% to 40 wt.%, however, Cr3C2-40NiCr coating exhibits better erosive wear resistance in comparison to Cr3C2-25NiCr coating.

The resonant wavelength of the two-dimensional photonic crystal force sensor model changing with normal stress along y direction is calculated by finite-difference time-domain method. The result shows that the variation of the size and shape of the resonant cavity has a main contribution to the variation of the resonant wavelength. The elasto-optical effect of GaAs medium can not obviously change the wavelength of the resonant cavity below score of megapascal.