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1000MW thermal power the first one million kilowatts unit project, in central China. It is also China's first with "big pressure on the small" approach approved one million kilowatts unit project, its safe operation of boilers has important significance. This article describes the FSSS boiler protection system debugging, application of 2*1000MW units Unit 1, from system debugging, maintenance, use, etc. It should be noted that some of the issues rose for the technical officers.

The N/C co-doped TiO2thin films were successfully deposited on medical glass slide by pulsed negative bias arc ion plating. The influence of pulsed negative bias, annealing temperature on films properties was investigated. Film structure, surface morphologies and optical properties were measured with XRD, SEM and UV-VIS transmittance spectroscope. The results show that the most absorption edges of the as-deposited films increase with the rising of the pulse negative bias, and the maximum of 540 nm is achieved under-600V bias. The films absorption edges increase in different degree after annealing at 400°Cfor 2h and 4h, and the best extension can increase 46nm after annealing. The interaction of the annealing treatment and bias functions enhance the N and C reaction activities and extend absorption edge. The greatest absorption edge dater of the co-doped TiO2films under the negative pulse bias for 0V can reach 550nm after the annealing at 400°Cfor 2h. The crystal morphology become inconspicuously with the bias increasing from 0V to-300V, which is corresponding to the XRD result, the anatase diffraction peaks weaken obviously.

The use of immune systems in intrusion detection has been a hot spot of research for the past decade. Immune systems have many features that are desirable for the imperfect, uncontrolled, and open environments in which most computers currently exist. It is hoped that biologically inspired approaches in this area, including the use of intelligent agents will be able to meet this challenge. In this paper, we extract some useful mechanisms from natural biological systems together with the use of intelligent agents, in order to develop cost effective computational solutions to complex problems in artificial immune systems. Analysis and evaluation of the system shows that it is robust, fault-tolerant and has low error rate and high detection rate as well.

Against the background of the development of the smart grid, in order to promote the development of intelligent electricity in the residents side, developed a demand response based household electricity intelligent interactive terminal. The interactive terminal use configuration software as platform, combined with the existing peak-valley price and ladder price in Shanghai, consider of the real-time price mechanism and interruptible load mechanism of the demand response, cooperate with the intelligent socket which independently researched and developed, the intelligent interactive terminal is family oriented with information visualization, with a variety of control methods and easy to use. Through simulation and experiment, the terminal can achieve user-friendly, save energy, convenient supply company and user control, and improve the effect of users life habit.

Continuous flow anaerobic fermentation experiments of fruit and vegetable waste were carried out in four laboratory-scale anaerobic acidification reactors with pH controlling system. The organic loading rate (OLR) were 13, 20, 30 kg COD/m3 d gradually and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 days were constantly. The results, obtained from the three stages operation, showed that hydrolysis rate increased along with the rising of OLR, to the highest of 79.3%, and acidification rate decreased on the contrary, showing that the activity of acidification bacteria was inhibited by high OLR. High pH value contributed to the process of hydrolysis and acidification especially under high OLR in the acidogenic phase of the fruit and vegetable waste.

A β-(1,3)-D-glucan (curdlan) synthase gene for a low molecular weight curdlan biosynthesis, crdSAg, from Agrobacterium sp. M503 was cloned and its encoding protein was characterized by several online protein analysis softwares. The crdSAg consists of 1965-base-pairs Open Reading Frame (ORF) encoding a protein with molecular weight approximate 73.5 kDa, which contains the conserved domain of CESA-CelA_like belonging to glycosyltransferase family 2 (GT2). Moreover, CrdSAg was a membrane protein with seven hydrophobic transmembrance domains. The second structure analysis indicated it was composed of 43.12% α-helix, 17.89% β-sheet, and 38.99% random coil structure. These data will lay a foundation to clarify the biosynthesis mechanism of the low molecular weight curdlan.

Payment for Environmental Services (PES) has been widely adopted as a solution to compensate upstream water users for providing clean water. However, the size of payments is critical to the success of PES, and the problems of determining the correct price is often critical to the implementation of PES policies. We demonstrate three independent valuation methods to determine the price of the ecosystem service (ES) of water quality in the Miyun Reservoir, the main surface water source for Beijing. The three using valuation methods are: i) Water Resources Benefits Assessment (WRBA), ii) Contingent valuation method (CVM), and opportunity cost of limitation of development rights (OCLDR). We found the value of water quality is lowest using OCLDR, highest with CVM, and the WRBA in-between. We propose OCLDR is used to determine compensation to upstream; WRBA for pricing water transfer; and CVM for payments integrated water quality improvement.

Wind energy conversion is the fastest-growing source of new electric generation in the world. The unforeseen damages of a component in a wind turbine have significant impact on the wind turbines, especially offshore ones. There has been a trend towards adoption of various forms of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis to know the deteriorating condition for both mechanical and electrial components, well in advance of a breakdown. This paper review the most recent advances in these areas with a special focus on offshore wind turbines. Different type of faults on offshore wind turbines are reviewed, including gearbox and bearing failures, generators failures, rotor failures and electrical failures. And then two widely-used methods(vibration analysis and oil monitoring) for predictive condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in offshore wind turbines are reviewed.

3D modeling of city has become a hot research topic in the field of GIS, it has very important significance in terms of urban construction, management and planning. Building model is an important sector of 3D city model, after analyzing the traditional algorithm of building modeling, a combined algorithm based on CSG and SketchUp is proposed in this paper. Using CSG model, the regular buildings are constructed firstly, then using SketchUp software, the irregular buildings are constructed. Finally, all building models are combined into a continuous building. The paper uses parts of the actual data to verify the feasibility of this modeling approach in the paper.

Magnetically core-shell structure carbon based solid sulfonic acid were prepared and characterized systematically. In a typical procedure, Fe3O4 particles were prepared by following the literature report. The Fe3O4 was then modified by oleic acid under the sonication. A coal pitch layer was produced and polymerization on the surface of nano-Fe3O4 at 573 K for 6 h under O2 atmosphere and followed by carbonization at 773 K in flowing nitrogen. SO3H bearing multifunctional composites were finally prepared with sulfonation process in fuming sulfuric acid.The structure, morphology and ferromagnetic property of ferrite powders and composites were characterized by XPS, TEM, FTIR spectra, and VSM respectively. The advantages, including high acidic concentration and magnetically active, are potentially important for industrial applications of the Core-shell Structure Carbon Based Solid Sulfonic Acid as an efficient heterogeneous solid acid catalyst in the future.

This paper introduced characteristics and sorts of bamboo composite materials, elaborated processing technology and technological features of different bamboo composite materials, analyzed current status of bamboo processing industry in China, brought up some problems, and to look into the research direction and future of bamboo composite materials in China.

In order to solve the indoor air pollution caused by formaldehyde, an ornamental plant of Kafirlily was used to purify the formaldehyde in this paper. By testing the absorbing effect on ornamental in the transparent airtight cabin, the physiological and biochemical parameters such as leaf hurt index and peroxidase (POD) activity were determined. The experimental results showed that the Kafirlily can decline the formaldehyde concentration to a certain degree, the leaves were hurt little, and the POD activity changed markedly. The experiments can indicate that Kafirlily can purify the indoor formaldehyde in certain concentration range with strong tolerant ability and high POD physiological stress responses.

An Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As asymmetric dual-quantum-well structure was designed. The barrier thickness between the dual quantum wells is 48Å, it is thick enough to inhibit the mutual cross-interference between the energy levels within the two quantum wells. This material system was grown on a GaAs substrate by solid source molecular beam epitaxy, and the device was fabricated with rat electrodes using inductively coupled plasma etching mesa process. The tunneling effect that electron transfer through the dual-quantum-well structure was observed in the device I-V feature, it was calculated and demonstrated by transmission matrix method and Ariy Function numerical transform.

This paper introduces the preparation method of large scale free P+ diaphragm based on the boron doped and anisotropic wet etching techniques. It also explores the impact of the RF power configuration, pressure and SF6 flow rate on etching rate during ICP etching. It is indicated that silicon can be used as mask to solve the problems of large scale film break and the adhesion between mask and film which are caused by vacuumization during ICP etching. In order to avoid over etching, twice etching technique can be employed to control etching time and end point. Results of the experiment show that through etching, free P+ diaphragm can be fabricated into sensitive free beam which can be widely used in MEMS.

Wind power has entered a rapid progress stage. Due to the intermittency of wind energy and the non-linearity of power system, there exist many uncertain variables which should be considered in the wind power prediction. Accurate wind power forecastings are beneficial for wind plant operators, utility operators, and utility customers. The current forecasting methods include persistence method, physical method, statistical method, and the comprehensive one combing all the other methods. This paper provides a detail review on wind speed and wind power forecasting methods based on recent available published papers. Several forecasting models were discussed and a lot of researchers on the models, which have their own characteristics, were presented. An overview of comparative analysis of wind forecasting time scales is discussed as well.

A noisy speech recognition method based on improved RBF neural network is presented, which the parameters of hidden layer are trained dynamically, and Akaike’s final prediction error standard (FPE) is employed to simplify the network. Comparing with two other training methods of RBF network, experimental results based on noisy speech samples show that this method achieves excellent performance in terms of recognition rate and recognition speed.

Rate equation of non-isothermal kinetics of solid decomposition involving the factors of the pressure of gaseous product, the equilibrium pressure, temperature and structure parameters of solid is deduced according to the model of the diffusion of gaseous product. A validity function in the rate equation of non-isothermal kinetics is defined which represents the influence of these factors on the diffusion rate. The effect of the validity function on the diffusion rate are studied, based on the results of thermal analysis of decomposition of calcium carbonate at different heating rates. It is shown that it is possible to improve the validity of the rate equation of non-isothermal kinetics if the effect is taken into account.

A plow surface-soil system dynamic simulation model was established, through MathCAD and ANSYS/LS-DYNA, on which the dynamic simulation tests were carried out by experimental design method. The discipline and mechanism about forming parameters of guiding curve and the plow working factors influencing on two targets, traction resistance and turn performance, were discussed and the factors optimization was made. The results show that tangent angle of guiding curve endpoints has a remarkable influence on two targets; in addition, it is benefit for reducing traction resistance and enhancing turn performance when the angle is large. Under the optimal condition, traction resistance is 4.40kN and turn performance reaches the optimal level 8.0.

Bad cutting state of sugar cane is a most situation in sugar cane cutting process, which seriously affects the cutting performance of sugarcane harvester and its promotion. According to the fourth strength theory, through finite element analysis software ANSYS, the mechanical simulation analysis on bad cutting state of cane was done. And through regression analysis on simulation results by software SPSS, the criterion of bad cutting state of sugarcane was obtained.

A type of tribometer for experimental study of tribological performance of journal bearings under micro-load was developed, which utilizes the method of load counterpoise to obtain mechanics equilibrium state of the test rig so as to apply load from zero. A laser device and a PSD sensor were used to measure the displacement and friction force with high precision without contact. The friction coefficient is obtained from the frictional angle of the cantilever and displacement of PSD sensor. Two methods were used for the measurement of friction coefficient, friction angle and frictional torque equilibrium. The former measures the angle resulting from friction, and the latter utilizes the exterior torque to poise the rig mechanics state under the rotating condition. The zero location on PSD is at the tail end of test process. Through reaching one side weight limitation with pulley at the static state, calibration of load was completed. The tribometer can measure friction, stick-slip of journal bearings under micro-load. Furthermore, measurements of wider range of load and /or friction coefficient were achieved by setting the structure parameters of the tribometer. With data sampling and processing capability, bearing bulk temperature and friction coefficient can be obtained continuously with adjustable load or/and speed.

The hot-pressing technology of cement bamboo particleboard was studied by changing hot-pressing temperature, adhesive/bamboo ratio, board density and additives amount of NaHCO3. Then variance analysis and regressive analysis were conducted on technological parameters. The results indicated that the optimizing technology parameters of cement bamboo particleboard are hot-pressing temperature 130 , adhesive/bamboo ratio 2.8, additives amount of NaHCO310%, boardl density 1.2g/cm3.

This study aims to investigate the morphologies and the existing phases of calcium sulfate crystal by the reaction of H2SO4 with Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in acid medium using microscopic method and XRD powder diffraction. A series of experiments were designed for studying the crystal morphology and the hydrated form under coexisitence of phosphoric acid and nitric acid at 338K. The micrograph results show that in the H3PO4-HNO3-H2O system, the crystal shapes are changed from thick-long rod to thin-short rod, then needle-like even tiny needle gradually with the increase of acid content in solution. The solubility of calcium sulfate increases gradually with the increase of phosphoric acid or nitric acid concentration in solution. The XRD results show that with the increasing of acid concentration, the form of calcium sulfate is transferred from dihydrate to hemihydrate, that is, at higher acid concentration condition calcium sulfate hemihydrate is more stable in solution with the particles to be tiny and needle-like; while at lower acid concentration condition the crystals are mainly calcium sulfate dihydrate with larger rod particles which indicate a good filtration properties.

Least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) were developed for the analysis and prediction of the relationship between the cutting conditions and the corresponding fractal parameters of machined surfaces in face milling operation. These models can help manufacturers to determine the appropriate cutting conditions, in order to achieve specific surface roughness profile geometry, and hence achieve the desired tribological performance (e.g. friction and wear) between the contacting surfaces. The input parameters of the LS-SVM are the cutting parameters: rotational speed, feed, depth of milling. The output parameters of the LS-SVM are the corresponding calculated fractal parameters: fractal dimension D and vertical scaling parameter G. The LS-SVM were utilized successfully for training and predicting the fractal parameters D and G in face milling operations. Moreover, Weierstrass-Mandelbrot（W–M ）fractal function was integrated with the LS-SVM in order to generate an artificially fractal predicted profiles at different milling conditions. The predicted profiles were found statistically similar to the actual measured profiles of test specimens and there is a relationship between the scale-independent fractal coefficients(D and G).

Dense nanocrystalline Y2O3 ceramics without grain growth have been successfully obtained by a new method, which is based on the self-propagating high temperature synthesis and quick pressing. A suitable self-propagating system with a maximum combustion temperature of 1350 °C and a heating rate of 1300 °C/min was chosen as a chemical furnace to supply the heat to densify nanocrystalline Y2O3. Dense samples without grain growth were obtained when the applied pressure was 120 MPa.