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The NiCrAlY-ZrO2 anti-ablation compound coating was prepared on one surface of a 201stainless steel by plasma spraying, and the ablation property was studied by the cyclic ablation experiment. The morphology and XRD pattern of the NiCrAlY-ZrO2 coating were characterized by SEM and XRD methods before and after ablation on the high-temperature oxyacetylene flame. The results show a good adhesion between the coating and substrate. After the ablation at high temperature flame, the smoothness of the coating surface declined. The coating, under the oxyacetylene flame of 2800°C, can effectively improve the anti-ablation property of the substrate material, the mass loss for the coated sample is 1/4 of the uncoated specimen under the same number of ablation cycles.

The poor corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys become the bottleneck restricting its development. Based on micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technology and the characteristics of fluorocarbon coating the surface of magnesium alloy build a high corrosion protection system, namely: Based on micro-arc oxidation coating fluorocarbon coatings. The formation of the composite coating through the resistance to ageing test through the resistance to ageing test, acid and alkali experiment and salt spray test results show the excellent corrosion resistance performance. Among them, the resistance to salt spray test time can reach 1500 h, which breaks the bottleneck of magnesium alloy corrosion resistance of 1000 h.

This article focuses on research into thermal shock fatigue resistance and oxidation resistance of as-cast ferritic nodular iron. The results show that the number of cycles required to crack nodular iron under the action of thermal stress is significantly higher than that of grey cast iron, and the rate at which cracks spread is lower compared with that of grey cast iron. When graphite is transformed from flakes into nodules, its decreased connectivity impedes the flow of oxygen during oxidization, thereby improving its oxidation resistance.

National standard high chromium cast iron contains 26% chromium by weight (Cr26). A new type of Super High Chromium Cast Iron (SHCCI) has been developed with chromium content of about 37% by weight. This paper examines the microstructure of SHCCI using SEM and XRD. The hardness and toughness of SHCCI was studied and the corrosive wear properties of SHCCI were also examined using an MCF-30 type erosion abrasion tester under H3PO4 media. The results show that, the microstructure of SHCCI is composed of M7C3 and M23C6 carbides, martensite matrix and residual austenite matrix. With proportionately greater carbon content, the hardness of SHCCI will first increase and then decrease, while the toughness and corrosive wear properties will decrease gradually SHCCI’s corrosive wear performance was significantly better than that of Cr26 cast iron. The maximum wear capacity of SHCCI is three times higher than that of Cr26 cast iron.

The Ordovician fissure-cavern carbonate reservoirs of Tarim Basin have relatively large production thickness, long completion intervals and serious heterogeneity problems, former studies about physical parameters for fractured intervals of acid fracturing cannot be well presented through mean algorithm method. This paper uses mean square deviation method to acquire the values of the main influencing factors of acid fracturing, then optimizes the physical characteristics of the fractured intervals. The BP neural network simulation has been adopted to get the optimal BP neural network structure model. In Tarim, this study has simulated 20 wells before acid fracturing using the decision software which compiled by the optimum neural network construction. Comparative analysis has been made through application examples, the coincident rate of mean algorithm is 75%, compared with the 90% of mean square deviation method. Therefore, during the target selection for acid fracturing of heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs with long open hole intervals, it’s significant to use mean square deviation method to optimize physical parameters of reservoirs.

In order to optimize the big data management of smart grid construction, analyze and process the extreme weather grid measuring point data of grid operation data which is abundant and discrete with mathematics. Considering of the continuous changing characteristics of weather in effective field of surface, buffer and expand the influential range of grid measuring point, then merge the same data, embellish the data with B-spline curve, store the spatial coordinates in enterprise-class grid resource centre, publish in map with unified service, and show the visual graphical distribution of extreme weather through OGC protocol, realize the visualization of grid resource.

Based on the axial-flow fan with adjustable vanes in a power plant of Tangshan, the internal flow with different inlet speeds during the axial-flow fan run were simulated with FLUENT software package. The results showed that if inlet velocity was greater than the critical velocity, the flow was relatively uniform. If inlet velocity was lower than the critical velocity, a vortex caused by tip leakage would decrease fan efficiency and induce surge.The impact increased gradually with increasing of the moving blade angle. The results were consistent with the actual and provided further evidence for high efficient and safe operation of axial-flow fans.

An aerobic benzene-degrading heterotrophic nitrifying strain Pseudomonas sp.BN5 was isolated from the well domesticated microbes. Growth and nitrification characteristics were investigated with the benzene as the sole carbon and energy source and the NH+4-N as nitrogen source under aerobic condition. It was demonstrated that the favorite C/N ratio, temperature and speed of Pseudomonas sp.BN5 was 10, 30°C and 180rpm, respectively. About 70.86% of ammonium and 100% of benzene was removed after 72 h of incubation at initial benzene and ammonium concentration of 52.37mg/L and 16.13mg/L, respectively. Only trace accumulation of nitrate was observed during the process.

SiC MOSFET, as a promising power semiconductor devices, has attracted attention from many laboratories and companies for its super performance in high temperature, high voltage and high frequency applications. To protect the devices from overvoltage induced by parasitic inductance in high frequency applications, snubber circuit is a must. In this paper, simulation of snubber circuit in a high frequency PWM inverter is invested, under different numbers of snubber circuit , parasitic parameters, different kinds of load and whether a SiC SBD exsits. Some useful conclusions are obtained to help design more perfect snubber circuit.

Health monitoring of civil engineering has been widely required in construction, operation and service-life prediction. FBG sensors, a kind of the most efficient sensing elements, for the superior advantages of small size, high sensitivity, long-term stability and durability, good geometrical shape-versatility, corrosion resistance and anti-electromagnetic interference, are highly applied in different engineering fields. Measurement precision of this sensor is paid attention and strain transfer analysis is developed to give an explanation on the testing mechanism and provide the quantitative strain transfer error modification functions. Theoretical derivation on strain transfer analysis of sensors with debonding interface is executed and related functions have been offered to eliminate the strain transfer error. Research in this article is meaningful for improving the precision of FBG sensors with debonding interface, which is helpful for much long-term detection of structures.

China has become the largest carbon emitter in the world since 2008 for its coal dominated energy structure, which has attracted both economic and political attention from international society. This paper proposes a responsibility sharing principle for carbon emissions considering carbon emission efficiency and energy structure, which tries to promote the regional cooperation for carbon reduction among different regions on the domestic level. The case studies on China’?s six-region carbon flow network prove the effectiveness of proposed sharing principle.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of polysaccharides from Agaricus bisporus mycelia (PABM) in alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) mice. After administration with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of PABM to DM mice for 28 days, the effects of PABM on the body weight, blood glucose, serum insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were monitored. The results showed that the PABM could increase body weight, serum insulin and HDL-C levels, as well as decrease TC, TG and LDL-C levels in DM mice. PABM possess anti-diabetic activity.

According to the low accuracy of velocity filed in current software, we develop a new system to analyze and visualize the 3D groundwater flow field. We employ the most advanced algorithm to deal with the data form groundwater simulation. The system could compute the flux across arbitrary face and the velocity of arbitrary point in the research domain. The system is debugged in Microsoft Visual Studio. The interactive interface is developed in .Net and the visualization tool is OpenGL. The application shows that the system is robust.

A failure case of the Cr12MoV steel guide roller is presented in this paper. Many net cracks were distributed on the surface and both ends of guide roller had been oxidized to black seriously. The failure analysis was performed in terms of macroscopic observation, fracture scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum, metallographic analysis and hardness test, etc. The results show that a large number of casting defects, such as holes and inclusions, exist inside of the guide roller, which could be considered as crack source under the effect of alternating load; and then the crack source constantly grows and expands along the vulnerable region-grain boundary when the guide roller bears cold and hot effects repeatedly, resulting in large stress existing on the surface; finally fatigue intergranular cracks are formed which lead to guide roller cracking failure.

Low-voltage (1.5 V) InGaZnO (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) gated by the SiO2 proton conducting films were self-assembled by a gradient shadow mask in sputtered self-assembled IGZO channel process. The IGZO TFTs have a high-performance with a large current on/off ratio of ≥1.2×106, a low subthreshold swing of ≤120 mV/decade and a high field-effect mobility of 2.2 ~ 6.9 cm2/V·s. Threshold voltage is tuned by various thicknesses of IGZO channel. Both depletion mode and enhancement mode on the same chip is obtained, which will implement a direct-coupled field-effect transistor logic circuit. Our results demonstrate that the IGZO TFTs are promising logic circuit candidates for portable low-voltage oxide-based devices.

Based on the full understanding of the current status of the reactive power optimization study, we propose an improved type of immune algorithm to solve the reactive power optimization problem by introducing the immune clonal selection algorithm (ICSA) genetic manipulation, affinity of mature, cloning and memory mechanism, and use the appropriate operator to ensure that the algorithm can quickly converge to the global optimal solution to improve the efficiency of the algorithm solving and solution accuracy, avoiding the "curse of dimensionality" and precocious problems. ICSA algorithm is proposed to improve the convergence speed simultaneously. Better maintain the diversity of the population. Effectively overcome the premature convergence of evolutionary computation itself is difficult to solve the problem. Four different examples of calculation results show that this method has superior computational efficiency and convergence capability, high quality and are solved, very suitable for solving large-scale power system reactive power optimization problem, with a strong practical value.

The second harmonic of a pulsed Nd: YAG laser (532 nm) has been used for the ablation of aluminum alloy in air at atmospheric pressure and the laser-induced plasma characteristics are examined in detail. The electron density of 6.7 × 1017cm-3is inferred from the Stark broadening of the profile of Si (I) 288.16 nm, while the plasma temperature (5982 K) is obtained using the Boltzmann plot method of four neutral aluminum lines. The calibration curve for silicon is established using a set of six samples of standard aluminum alloy, and its limit of detection is 0.0681 wt%. The plasma is verified to be in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) based on the experimental results.

This study based on the finite element method, the type of XB1-120-100 harmonic drive output torque and input rotational speed impact on transmission efficiency has been analyzed. The results show that the efficiency of harmonic gear drive increases with the output torque increased, and it has no relation with input rotational speed. When the output shaft takes the value of rated torque (Tout=450Nm), the transmission efficiency of harmonic gear drive obtained by the finite element numerical simulation is 87.1%. This value of transmission efficiency is quite close to the type of XB1-120-100 harmonic drive efficiency (75%-90%). The above analysis method and results have a guiding significance for the transmission design and performance analysis of harmonic gear drive.

The MgTiO3 and CaTiO3 powders were synthesized by solid reaction method, and MgTiO3-CaTiO3 ceramic was prepared using pressureless sintering method. The experiment prepared MgTiO3-CaTiO3 ceramics with high compactness and stable permittivity by the way of changing the mole ratio of MgTiO3 and CaTiO3 to investigate the effect of CaTiO3 on the performances of MgTiO3-CaTiO3 ceramics. The results show that Mg2TiO4 formed as second phase during sintering. Volume density and dielectric constant of MgTiO3-CaTiO3 ceramics with 10%mol CaTiO3 reach maximum of 3.612g/cm3 and 17.8, respectively, under 1460°C sintering temperature. And for the MgTiO3-CaTiO3 ceramics with 5%mol CaTiO3 the maximum values which are 3.5g/cm3 and 16.6, respectively, appear under 1510°C sintering temperature.

Carbon accounting was carried out using Volume-Biomass Method based on field survey data from four urban parks of Dongguan. The results are as follows: 1) Shuilianshan Park (SLS) and Tongsha Park (TS) are sparsely covered with large trees, while Dapingzhang Forest Park (DPZ) and Huangqishan Park (HQS) are abundant with dense but small arbors. 2) Elaeocarpus apiculatus and Khaya senegalensis are the two major trees grown in Tongsha Park, which is located in urban core of Dongguan. A lot of individuals of Litsea glutinosa and Microcos paniculata occur in Huangqishan Park and Shuilianshan Park in the suburb, while many Acacia magium and Lithocarpus glaber trees have been planted in Dapingzhang Forest Park. 3) Carbon density and biomass density for the parks are in the following order: SLS > HQS > TS > DPZ, which reflects the gradient of rapid urbanization. Carbon sink of urban forest was affected by land-use and land-cover change, vegetation types and stand ages, reforestation, and forest management.

The purpose of this study to establish the optimum ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters of Polysaccharides from Agaricus bisporus mycelia (PABM). Single factor experiment was employed to determine the preliminary range of the extraction parameters including liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic time, extraction temperature, and ultrasonic power. Then, an orthogonal experiment design was employed to determine the best extraction parameters of PABM. the results showed that the optimal UAE parameters of PABM was liquid-solid ratio of 40 ml/g, ultrasonic time of 70 min, extraction temperature of 55°C, and ultrasonic power of 660 W.

This paper studies on the thermal analysis kinetics of nanometer powders ethanol desorption process.The DTA-TG-DTG curves obtain by SDT 2960 Simultaneous DSC-TGA analysis apparatus. Under the condition of N2atmosphere operation and rise temperature velocity was 10°C·min-1. The mechanism functionis used to calculate the kinetics factors. Reaction progressionnwas obtained by calculation of the kissinger peak shape factor method. The results showed that the apparent activation energy of nano-Ni(OH)2was 73.210 kJ·mol-1, the pre-exponential factor was 2.349×1012, the reaction progression was obtained as 1.2767, the kinetic equation is

The amorphous core dry-type transformer is a new energy-saving transformer. In this paper, a SCBH15-600/10 type amorphous core dry-type transformer is analyzed by 3-D finite element calculation of iron core and winding thermal. Analyzing the temperature distribution characteristics of amorphous transformer, assure the temperature rise highest point. It is in the permitted error between the simulation value and test value. It has important engineering value for the calculation of similar transformer temperature rise; and has certain guiding significance on the amorphous transformer structure design.

Batteries are used the energy storage of the pure electric vehicle. When the battery pack work in the high temperature environment for a long-term, permanent damage that high temperature does to the battery cannot be restored, the battery life will be drastically reduced. When the batteries temperature reaches a relatively high value, the battery pack will caught fire. This paper firstly analyzed the characteristic of the Lithium-ion Battery by batteries experiment. On the basis of the thermal experiment ,this paper do a lot of research of the cooling method by ANSYS and verified the accuracy of the model of the thermal model.

The development of network technology to integrate network health information resources, regulate commerce, associations and other web services and form a diversified public health network information services has a significant meaning for public health network information guidance. This paper proposed the concept of public health information resources service system based on the cloud computing technology and described the location of public health information resources cloud services and cloud deployment model. And we also build an overall framework of information resource cloud service system in which the characteristics and processes of information resource layer, service layer, user layer and evaluation layer were designed.

The distributed parameters of transformer windings are indispensable in analyzing the transients particularly caused by the very fast transients which occur at the time of disconnecting switch operations in GIS. Winding insulation structure and the safe and stable operation of the transformer are determined by the accuracy of the calculation. In this paper, finite element method (FEM) is used to model and simulate the electromagnetic field calculation of winding capacitance and inductance parameters. The simulation calculation results are consistent with the experimental measurements on a transformer model, which verifies this method is feasible.

The corrosion property of high chromium cast iron was test under different phosphoric acid medium concentration. On the base of experimental data, the binary equation model of corrosion weight loss (W) versus phosphoric acid concentration and corrosion time (c, t) was built using multiple regression analysis, which can predict corrosion property of high chromium cast iron effectively. The prediction results show that the corrosion weight loss rises lineally with increasing corrosion time, and the corrosion rate rises quadratically with increasing phosphoric acid concentration. The corrosion failure mechanism is that chromium composite carbides (M7C3) stand out of matrixes surface after the matrixes composed of martensite and austenite are corroded firstly, then the M7C3 carbides drop out of matrixes when the matrixes can not wrap M7C3 carbides, resulting gradual corrosion of high chromium cast iron. The prediction values have sufficiently mined the basic domain knowledge of corrosion process of high chromium cast iron under phosphoric acid medium. Therefore, a new way of predicting corrosion property according to corrosion conditions was provided by the authors.

Neglecting the influence of static transmission error, a non-linear dynamic model of spiral bevel gear pair with time-varying backlash was presented. Through the simplification of above model, the dimensionless form of gear system was obtained. Then, the dynamic characteristics of gear system were acquired by using Runge-Kutta method under the influence of time-varying backlash and torque. The results showed primary harmonic amplitude of gear backlash and torque had a significant effect on the non-linear and vibration characteristics of gear system. With the change of that, bifurcation phenomenon, quasi periodic motion and chaotic motion were detected. In addition, the variation and fluctuation of amplitude, containing displacement amplitude and velocity amplitude, were analyzed detailedly.

Flash pyrolysis of Shenmu coal with solid heat carrier was carried out in a fluidized bed using semi-coke as the solid heat carrier and nitrogen as the carrier gas. The effects of pyrolysis temperature, reaction time and mass ratio of heat carrier to coal on the yields of products were studied. It is found that the best operating conditions involving pyrolysis temperature 550°C, reaction time 6 min and mass ratio of heat carrier to coal 2. The properties of coal tar from fluidized bed, such as density, viscosity, freezing point, carbon residue and hydrogen carbon atom ratio, are almost higher than that of the above water coal tar and lower than that of the below water coal tar, while the above and below water coal tar obtained from Sanjiang squared retort. The results of simulation distillation show that gasoline and diesel fractions of coal tar from fluidized bed are higher than that of below water coal tar and lower than that of above water coal tar, while the heavy oil fraction is opposed.

In order to reduce the emission of CO2and control the global greenhouse effect, the paper introduces and compares two new technologies named chemical-looping combustion (CLC) and chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) that are both high-efficient and clean. Through comparative analysis, CLC has been widely studied because of its direct separation of CO2, reduction loss of the heat, improvement of energy efficiency and avoiding of the generation of fuel type NOxin the combustion process. Besides the current research for metal oxygen carrier, there are some scholars find various non-metal oxygen carriers that have the better performance in CLC. But the study on reactors of CLC is still not mature, especially the solid fuel reactor, which is different from CLOU. In a certain sense, CLOU is an improved technology based CLC, besides the bove advantages, it also can react with coal directly. Many scholars use coal as fuel in the fluidized bed by the technology of CLOU, and the results of them are feasible. So from this perspective, CLOU technology has more broad prospects than CLC in the China.

It is known for the traditional milling machine in operation at low speed and efficiency. This paper describes the research of servo motor control strategies for the mobile gantry milling machine. The principles of AC servo motor dynamics, master-slave servo control, and adaptive-neuro fuzzy inference system based on controller are illustrated. Using these strategies when the master servo motor is interference by the external signal, the reference speed of the slave servo motor can follow just like the master motor. Finally the mechanical coupling can be eliminated and the mechanical damage can be avoided.

The main purpose of this paper is to optimize the developing pattern of the industrial park, make it fully work for the social environment and economic benefit. Based on green infrastructure and function analysis, this paper discusses about the planning control paths of building the elastic ecological pattern, water recycle, clean energy, green traffic and planning control system by putting the concept of green infrastructure into the linkage of the industrial park and urban construction process. It also proposed the control strategy, which combined low-carbon development of industrial park with green infrastructure, to boost a sustainable development of low-carbon green industrial park.

In order to figure out seepage field in aquifer under the coal seam, the geology and hydrogeology conditions systematically of study area were analyzed, hydrogeological conceptual model was generalized, mathematical model was built, seepage field of the Taiyuan limestone aquifer was simulated with software Feflow. Simulation results show that hydrogeological parameters of Taiyuan limestone aquifer change greatly in different partitions. The model also indicates the heterogeneity of karst fissure of Taiyuan limestone aquifer. The drainage quantity is from the Ordovician limestone aquifer besides supplying from runoff of upstream and capture excretion of downstream. The research is an attempt to simulate the seepage field in aquifer under coal seam, to some extent, it also provides a technical basis for safe coal mining and as a reference for simulation constructions of three-dimensional groundwater flow models in similar coal mines.

The development of mineral resources is accompanied by serious threats to the geological environment in China. In order to balance mining order, mine environmental protection and ecological restoration, this article examines a case study of Ningwu mining area and proposes an accurate method for mine dynamic monitoring in mining area based on remote sensing (RS), which is a series of technical processes with RS images selection, mine development situation and dynamic monitoring which includes areas change and types transfer. Findings indicate that the area of bauxite pit, bauxite and coal dump increased, the area of coal industrial square decreased, coal dump and industrial square mainly transferred into bauxite pit. The organization and storage model were discussed for results integrated management by spatial database engine (ArcSDE).The application of results retrieval was developed by GIS components. This method can be considered as an effective approach for a wide range of mine development monitoring in mining areas in China.

In this paper, Dynamic analysis for the process of opening net is studied base on a new anti-riot device, focusing on the problem that dynamics modeling of fully compliant anti-riot net during the process, a new equivalent method is proposed. This method regards the anti-riot net as a variable drag coefficient rigid body, and regards four traction heads as a suppositional traction head, so the process of opening net can be transformed to the problem for movement of two rigid bodies, furthermore, the dynamic equations for the process of opening net was derived from this method. These equations are used to simulate the process of opening net; the simulation results are compared with test results to verify the practicability of the method.

The preparation of Starch sodium octenyl Succinate (SSOS) and its application as a surface sizing agent in papermaking was studied in this paper. The effect of different reaction conditions on esterification of starch was firstly discussed. Based on which, SSOS with different degree of substitution (DS) was obtained and its surface sizing performance was researched. The results showed that the optimal esterification conditions were as follows: When pH is 8.5, reaction emperature is 35°C, reaction time is 3h, the maximum reaction efficiency can be achieved. The study of surface sizing performance of SSOS showed that when solid content of SSOS was 0.8613 and its DS was 0.0381, the picking speed of paper was up to a maximum value. SSOS showed a good film-forming property when its concentration was 3%.

In this paper, iron ladle stress and deformation has been accurately calculated using finite element analysis software ANSYS based on 260t iron ladle in standing, lifting, tipping working conditions. Distribution of stress field was obtained. The stiffness and strength of the iron ladle has been evaluated. The results show that the iron ladle in the standing, lifting and tipping working conditions, structural deformation is small, the strength and stiffness meet the requirements. This research extends the working life of 260t iron ladle. It provides theoretical basis for producing and using of the iron ladle and further optimal designing.

On the basis of the geology and hydrogeology, a three-dimensional numerical groundwater model in the study area was developed to evaluate the deep groundwater resources and avoid the groundwater level declining. According to the long-term water supply plan, water resources characteristics and exploitation status quo of Huantai county, three kinds of groundwater utilization scheme had been designed. The best sustainable groundwater exploitation scheme is determined by using the numerical model to simulate three kinds of mining schemes and analyze the corresponding groundwater flow field. The result shows that maintaining the status quo mining conditions will make the groundwater level decline further. Only reducing industrial exploitation and keeping domestic water mining can improve the conditions, but still difficult to solve the problem. The aim of utilization of deep groundwater can achieve only by reducing disordered water exploitation for production and living.

Completed solid model of hydraulic mechanical power split CVT using Pro/E software basing on the transmission principle, achieved the whole transmission without interference assemble by the interference analysis and checking the gap. Carried on dynamics simulation analysis using ADAMS software, obtained the variation of plungers’ centroid and the bearing force in the rear end cover, it laid the theoretical foundation for subsequent experimental analysis.

The top-down mode has been widely used in the cooperation design of complex products. It has great advantages over traditional down-up mode for such a complex system as target area for the ICF facility. By taking target area of National Ignition Facility (NIF) for example, this paper will present a process of three-dimensional cooperation design supported by a design platform. The parametric design software Creo (upgraded Pro/E) and PDM software Windchill PDMlink are seamlessly connected in the platform using the floating license. The whole design process of target area was based on top-down mode and driven by the skeleton models. The sub-assembly includes target chamber, beam transport system, and supporting system. The design has been concurrently accomplished by the system engineer and the sub-assembly engineers on the design platform. It has validated the feasibility of the cooperation design based on the top-down mode. It can technically support the realization of the cooperation design for NIF scaled high-power laser driver.

This paper fitted the measured data of surface settlement with the Peck formula on the background of Xi'an metro line 2, modified the trough width parameter K and volume loss η of Peck formula to make it apply to the loess region and provide a reference for future shield subway construction in loess area. The results have shown that the modified settlement trough width parameter K=0.42~0.44, volume loss η should be determined according to the different formation conditions and construction parameters, 0.7%~2.0% is reasonable under normal circumstances.

Field experiments were conducted for controlled and mid-gathering irrigation mode in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, focusing on the effect analysis of this mode with different fertilizations on profile soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen distributions and rice yield compared with the conventional irrigation mode. Results obtained showed that both total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen in soil profile were decreased with the increase of soil depth. Fast decrement of total nitrogen was found from surface 0-20 cm of soil layer and it reached the plateau below 40 cm of soil layer. Under the same fertilizer application, both total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen in surface soil layer were lower under controlled and mid-gathering irrigation mode which reduced the loss risks of runoff and leaching of soil and fertilizer nitrogen. Controlled and mid-gathering irrigation reduced water comsumption and N pollutant discharge without significant changes in rice yield compared with conventional irrigation. Conjunction of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly improved the rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen.

In the current information era, the channels of peoples access to information have increasingly shown the trend of diversity and the selection range of information we are facing also has become more broad. As the information storeroom of literature materials and library information, libraries are shouldering the major responsibilities of providing general readers with comprehensive and accurate information of teaching and scientific researches, and they should be adhering to people-oriented concept, change readers concepts, and provide excellent and efficient service to meet knowledge demands of readers to the greatest extent.

The characteristics of a successful work is difficult to completely define. When artists create his work, he transform to poet and alchemists. And then, his creature get the feeling of mysterious, a kind of unspeakable quality. There has a sense of life in it. Its the form, that can deliver such kind of spirit. But as the medium which is closely connected with the creation is material---can produce certain effect for its expression. This paper has enumerate several kinds of medium material used in different sculpture art, to analyze the different visual feelings, to discuss how can the material characteristic impact on sculpture forms at deeper level.

In order to enrich campus card recharging methods and improve the cardholders experience, this paper first briefly introduces the campus card online recharging modes based on the third-party payment platform, then analyzes the business processes of the self-help recharging mode and the automatic recharging mode, introduces the validation processes of the transactions, and expounds the fund flows and the double reconciliation mechanism at last.

Dressing field control of band gap reflection is investigated in an inverse Y-type four-level atomic system. It is shown that when the dressing field is blocked, a band gap reflection with a maximum bandwidth and nearly ~90% reflectivity can be achieved for the detuning of the coupling field . When a weak dressing field is applied to the system (the intensity is much less than that of the coupling field), a narrowing top flat with ~86% reflectivity of the band gap reflection is observed in comparison with that in the first case. We also show that the band gap reflection can be dramatically suppressed due to the collapse of the stop band when a strong dressing field (the intensity is comparable with or larger than that of the coupling field) is employed. This control of photonic band gap reflection can be used in the applications of all-optical reflection mirrors and band optical filters.

It is known for rendering more torque in operation at low speed and suitably attaining high performance dynamic control for the inverter. This paper describes the research of ASR strategy for the spindle inverter control in CNC machine tool. The principles of the vector control and formulas for the coordinate transformation are illustrated. The accuracy of the torque depends on the accuracy of the motor parameters used in the control. So the powerful parameter tuning function should be enabled for all kinds of spindle to run effectively. The response of ASR will be perfect if the switching frequencies is used which is usually constant and set by the user.

The landscape spaces of Qijiang ancient town take on special combined characteristics of contrary space sequence. The space configurations are unique and diversiform, particular about the whole harmony between inner and outer environments, human and space. The space-time configurations reflect ordered, blending and continuous in inner and outer landscape spaces. The contrary space configurations experienced more than 2000-year historic evolutions. The landscape spaces have extended continuously and reasonably complying with the combined characteristics of contrary space sequences. But in the late of last century, a lot of the landscape spaces were destroyed. Analysis on the contrary space configurations and evolutions will help us to look for the relationships and rules of the original spaces, and supply references to recovering multidimensional and sustainable ancient environments spaces.

Aiming at LEACH protocol in WSN in cluster heads selection disequilibrium, the cluster head nodes energy consumption too fast, and the network uneven energy consumption problem, this paper based on double cluster heads routing algorithms, try to blend in fixed partition network, use multiple hops routing strategy and improve the cluster heads routing algorithms in LEACH protocol, then put forward EDCH-LEACH protocol. The simulation results show that: the EDCH-LEACH protocol can effectively improve the previously mentioned problems of the cluster heads selection imbalance, local energy consumption too fast, achieve the goal of prolong the life cycle of the whole network.