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Lignite activated carbon was provided through lignite which is treated specially. The adsorption capacity and mechanism of COD from Coal gasification wastewater by lignite activated carbon have been studied.The adsorption capacities of lignite activated carbon at different times were obtained by concentration of COD in the remainder solution. Three simplified kinetic models: pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion equations were adopted to examine the mechanism of the adsorption process. The results showed that the adsorption can be expressed by the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption balance capacity was obtained as 50.8mg·g-1 (298K), and the adsorption balance capacity decreased with increasing of temperature, which showed that the adsorption process was exothermic. The adsorption activation energy (Ea) was calculated as 5.76kJ·mol-1, and it showed that the adsorption process was Physical adsorption. This study explored new treatment channels for lignite comprehensive utilization..

Engineeringcontract confirmed the project’global goals like cost、time、quality、safety and environment, clearly stipulated the rights and obligationsof the responsible party. So contract management wass the core of projectmanagement. A good contract credit had a positive effect on the contractmanagement. This article analyzed the LCM (Life-cycle management) of theconstruction project, and attempted toestablish a set of scientific、reasonable credit evaluation system. Based on the SEM (StructuralEquation Model) theory, this paperanalyzed and identified the structure of the contract credit and built the quantitativeevaluation model for the construction contract credit. Through the investigation of the empirical dataanalysis, the model’s fitting results shownthe more reliability and stability.

Largely used in industry field, bearing is one of the most vulnerable components in an equipment. Owing to the complicated and nonlinear relationship between features and corresponding specific fault, it is less efficient to diagnosis the faults in tradition ways ,especially to deal with the fault of a mega machine. BP neural network whose strength is to solve the nonlinear problems makes it more precise and efficient to determine the fault of bearing. Conjugate gradient algorithm is proposed as the training method of the BP neural network. Compared with standard training method, conjugate gradient has the advantage of training speed and generalization ability, which is confirmed by the results of neural network model whose inputs are common bearing fault samples.

Welding nuts are being used widely in automotive industry as threaded fasteners, its security and reliability requests are increasingly high. Accurate and quick detection results for surface quality can be obtained by using machine vision. Image edge detection by Canny operator has stronger acclimatization in anti-jamming and accurate edge localization. In order to suppress noise in maximum, an improved method is put forward to calculate the gradient of Canny operator, introducing Robert cross gradient in 3×3 neighborhood when calculating the gradient magnitude in finite difference method. The experimental results show that the improved Canny operator makes more effectively on the surface detection of welding nuts.

A three layer BP NN is created to design the cam. The data of cam contour ,which can be measured by CMM, has been used for the training where back propagation method is used.Advantage of solving nonliner problems gives BP netwok the ability to make out a more demand curve of cam. Taking advantage of its learning ability,NN model fits the actual cam contour gradually until the error fulfil the demand.Cam contour is ploted by Matlab,the result of which is better than cubic curve fitting,especially in the aspects of precise and velocity.

In this paper, a novel low molecular weight poly (γ-glutamic acid) hydrogels were prepared by chemical method, and their preparation conditions such as poly (γ-glutamic acid) and crosslinker concentration, pH and temperature were studied. When poly (γ-glutamic acid) solution was 18%, pH 4.0, poly (γ-glutamic acid) was crosslinked to yield high water hydrogel with specific water content of 1328 times their dry volume depending on the preparation conditions.

A combined process of coagulation with Fenton oxidation was introduced to the advanced treatment of the secondary effluent of a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment process in northern China. Major factors affecting the treatment were investigated by lab-scale tests. The results showed that FeCl3 was the best among the tested 4 coagulants, and its optimal dose and the initial pH for reaction were 175 mg/L and 7, respectively, at ambient temperature. After the coagulation, the wastewater was treated by Fenton oxidation. An excellent treatment efficiency was obtained with H2O2/Fe2+ (M/M) of 7.5 and H2O2 dosage of 10 mM/L at 20°C reacting for 60 min. For the influent with a COD of 170~200 mg/L and a TP of 6~9 mg/L, a COD removal and TP removal as high as 71.5% and 99.5%, respectively, could be reached after treated by the coagulation combined with the Fenton oxidation under the optimized condition. The final effluent could meet the requirement of Discharge Standards of Water Pollutants for Pharmaceutical Industry Fermentation Products Category (GB21903-2008).

The material damages in aerospace industry caused by correction can be detected in many different products including welded and bolted areas in aircraft and jet engines. The corrosion occurs when different conducted materials contact to each other in electrolyte media and different conducted materials present potential difference that causes rusting. The rusting problems in products lead both safety issues and billions of dollar loss in different businesses including aerospace industry. This paper studies the rusting mechanism and anti-corrosive coatings by applying computational simulation and prototype experiment. Both computer-aided analysis and sample testing demonstrated similar results which confirm the feasibility of analytic methodology introduced in this research paper. Keywords: Nanotechnology, computer-aided analysis, nanocoating control, anti-corrosion, simulation modeling

In the present study, we investigated the anti-fatigue activity in male Kunming mice with Soy isoflavones using a forced swimming test. Mice were divided into four groups (three Soy isoflavones administered groups and a control group). The control group was gavaged with distilled water and Soy isoflavones administered groups were gavaged with Soy isoflavones (10, 20 and 40mg/10g body weight /d). After four weeks, a forced swimming test was performed and the biochemical parameters related to fatigue were examined. The results suggested that Soy isoflavones could extend the swimming time to exhaustion of the mice. This indicated that Soy isoflavones had anti-fatigue activity and could elevate the exercise tolerance.

The activities of methanogen are easily affected by inhibitory substances and lead to anaerobic digestion failure. To investigate inhibitory effects on methanogenesis of a methanogen-enriched sludge, pH, volatile fatty acids (such as acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid), and ammonia were used as inhibitory factors and a L16(45) orthogonal table was employed to design batch experiments. The result of variance analyses shows that pH has the greatest impact on the methanogenesis of the enriched culture. The impact of butyrate, NH3, acetate and propionate was decreased in order. DGGE finger-print shows that there was only one methanogen in the inoculum sludge.

Low nitrogen removal efficiency caused by the lack of carbon source in low C/N ratio wastewater restricts the wastewater biological treatment. Advances in wastewater biological treatment at low C/N ratio are reviewed in the paper from three aspects, including modifying traditional biological nitrogen removal process, developing novel biological nitrogen removal processes and optimizing traditional carbon source and developing new types of carbon sources. The mechanisms, advantages, and applications of these processes are also summarized and analyzed.

Low similarity and unreasonable design now appeared in distracters generation of English words in the process of learning English words. This paper proposed a new algorithm to solve this problem by researching Edit Distance and LCS algorithm. Comparing with traditional algorithms, the accuracy of similarity has been improved in this algorithm. Finally, combined with words’ part of speech, we generated more reasonable distracters in the experiments.

The law of equipments or products life is the calculation fundament of reliability indexes in power plant. Aim to how to determine the most fitted life distribution type, the linear regression and correlation coefficient had been employed in this paper. The linearization of common distribution like as: exponential distribution, normal distribution and logarithmic normal distribution, is complied with the principle of linear regression. After the comparison of correlation coefficient, the most fitted distribution type is quickly found out. The result also shows that the inferred distribution type is in accord with the facts. We may draw the conclusion from this research that the optimized linear regression and correlation coefficient is effective and valid for the inference of life data distribution type.

Bidirectional maximum matching algorithm (BMM) combined positive maximal matching and reverse maximal matching algorithm, it was a more commonly used word segmentation method now, but it was low efficient and couldn’t solve the ambiguity. Therefore, an improved method was proposed combining with improved dictionary structure, and changing maximal matching word length dynamically to improve the efficiency of word segmentation. In order to get the correct segmentation results, we also proposed several rules. Compared with traditional segmentation methods, it proves that bidirectional maximal matching word segmentation with rules has higher speed and precision.

The dynamic performance of wind turbine gearbox is very important for measuring the integrated vibration and noise of the whole drivetrain system of wind turbine. The stiffiness and modal parameters of the gearbox will influence the system vibration situation obviously. The wind turbine gearbox is a kind of complicated coupled mechanics; it means the modal analysis on gearbox should consider the coupling effects of the components and define logical damping factors. This paper presents a method to simulate wind turbine gearbox system with the multi-body drivetrain dynamic analysis software. The modal analysis of wind turbine gearbox can be carried out on the basis of the multi-body dynamic theory.

Based on the finite element analysis software, this paper innovatively proposes a multi-DOF deflection type PM motor with "6-8" rotor-stator structure and builds its finite element model. Furthermore, the distribution of the magnetic field of this motor are analyzed and calculated. To obtain better performance, the motor’s structure is optimized and designed with response surface methodology (RSM). Results of the proposed structure configuration are analyzed and compared with the initial model. It is expected that this research can be helpful to the multi-DOF motor or actuator technology study and improvements.

With the continuous development of the Internet technology in recent years, the number of Internet users in China is increasing, with the Internet as the mainstay of the Internet plays a more and more important role in the whole social public opinion, our country has been the lack of effective means of supervision, which leads to network public opinion events occurred frequently in recent years, a strong need for a reliable method effective to achieve the monitoring of network public opinion. In view of the above situation, this paper introduces some key technology of Internet public opinion monitoring, then gives analysis, public opinion monitoring system design and implementation.

Leather processing is an important industry in China, and the discharge of chromium waste has been severely circumscribed. Though traditional processes for treating chromium waste have been widely used in tannery plants, technology adopting high efficiency and economic simultaneously is deficient. In order to develop an economic treatment for tannery waste, a mixed alkali of sodium hydroxide and magnesium oxide and diluted mineral acids were tested to improve the sedimentation effect of trivalent chromium from tannery wastewater. The results showed that the most feasible alkali was a mixture of sodium hydroxide and magnesium oxide with a mass ratio of 5:1 to balance the cost performance. The high chromium removal as 99.1% was obtained with a mixed alkali dosage only 0.2 g/L at pH 9.5, with a very low Cr-sludge yield. The effects of various factors on the extraction of trivalent chromium from Cr-sludge using mineral acids were investigated further more, and the results indicated that the feasible condition for chromium recovery from wet chromium sludge was as follows: 4% sulfuric acid as the leaching acid, chromium sludge (dry weight) load 23.55 g/L, extraction time 60 min, and reaction temperature 30°C. A chromium recovery of 20.86 mg/g was obtained under the feasible condition with a recovery rate of 91.8%. The method developed in the present study provided an effective solution to balance the cost performance for tannery waste treatment.

In this paper, we propose a class of hybrid difference schemes combining the central difference scheme and the midpoint upwind scheme on the Bakhvalov-Shishkin mesh for solving quasi-linear singularly perturbed convection-diffusion boundary value problems. Point-wise second-order convergence uniform in the perturbation is proved clearly by using the-stability. The numerical experiments support the schemes and the uniform second-order estimate.

Using high-resolution sequence stratigraphy theory and its technology, based on 22 well cores and 4 256 logging data, interface types and characteristics of different grades the base-level cycle in Putaohua oil layer of Sanzhao Sag was systematically analyzed, and Putaohua oil layer is divided into 1 medium-term base level cycle, 4 short-term base level cycles, 8 super-short-term base level cycles, established high-resolution sequence strata framework, and proposed sequence stratigraphy model of middle super-short-term base level cycles meridionally grado-thin and up to vanish with syndepositional structure lifting control in the south of Putaohua oil layer. Sandstone is offlap Pinch-out in the upper of Putaohua oil layer, and Sandstone is onflap Pinch-out in the under of Putaohua oil layer from north to south.

Traditional tracking algorithm is not compatible between robustness and efficiency, under complex scenes, the stable template update strategy is not robust to target appearance changes. Therefore, the paper presents a dynamic template-update method that combined with a mean-shift guided particle filter tracking method. By incorporating the original information into the updated template, or according to the variety of each component in template to adjust the updating weights adaptively, the presented algorithm has the natural ability of anti-drift. Besides, the proposed method cope the one-step iteration of mean-shift algorithm with the particle filter, thus boost the performance of efficiency. Experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed algorithm in this paper.

take the travel time distribution of elastic wave of engineering medium acquired by using elastic wave CT technology when the engineering quality testing as the research object, select the SIRT technology to complete inversion of wave velocity data to construct distribution image of wave velocity. The main content of the research is inversion techniques of CT data. Key technology is to introduce Fluorescence Molecular Tomography based on ray equation or wave equation, and carry out the iterative reconstruction of data, calculate the travel time distribution of elastic wave in the project media into wave velocity distribution, so that the image has a clearer description about detected object. Establish a set of elastic wave CT data imaging inversion platform, and make the CT image reflect the actual project quality more realistically through image optimizing.

The PCD cutting tool is used to dry mill foundry sand materials, SEM is used for observing the wear morphology of the cutting tool, and EDS is used to analyze the components of the wear area of the cutting tool so that the wear morphology of the cutting tool and the wear mechanisms are studied. The research results indicate that the wear morphology of the PCD cutting tool in cutting sand molds are rake face wear, cutting edge wear, and flank wear. The wear mechanism of the PCD cutting tool is abrasive wear, which is caused when PCD crystal particles produced in the mechanical friction between the cutting tool and the work-piece material in cutting continuously come off. Mechanical fatigue wear is the main cause of mechanical fatigue caused by alternating load which is generated by the interrupted cutting and high-frequency mechanical shock of workpiece material hard point.

This study aimed to find out the optimum pH range and a buffer feeding method for butyric acid production from rice straw by undefined mixed culture. A serial experiment was conducted at various pH levels from 5.0 to 7.0. The results showed that neutral pH improved rice straw conversion and hence carboxylic acid production. The highest butyric acid production was achieved at pH range of 6.0 to 6.5. Another serial experiment was performed at pH 6.0 to 6.5 buffered with CaCO3, NaHCO3, NH4HCO3 and their combinations, respectively. The results indicated that different buffers had different effects on product spectrum, and that CaCO3 combined with NaHCO3 was an effective buffer for butyric acid production. This study presents an alternative way for butyric acid production from lignocellulosic biomass without supplementary cellulolytic enzyme.

The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the feasibility of adsorbent IRN77 resin for removal of Cr (III) from acid-dissolution water of chromium sludge. Extractions of Cr (III) from a model solution and a acid-dissolution water of chromium sludge were studied by IRN77 cation-exchange resin, respectively. The results suggested that extraction of Cr (III) with this resin followed the Lagergren first-order kinetics. The resin was high selective for Cr (III) sorption in the pH range 1-5 from a model solution containing 150 mg/L Cr (III), and a Cr (III) extraction above 99% was obtained. The studies further showed that 80% Cr (III) from a diluted acid-dissolution water containing about 150 mg/L Cr (III) could be removed which validated the process developed with model waste solution. At the same time, from the loaded resin 99% Cr (III) was eluted with 10% H2SO4. Therefore, this cation-exchange resin could be used as an efficient adsorbent material for the removal of chromium from acid-dissolution water of chromium sludge.

The light emitting diodes (LEDs) whose wavelength is ideal for plant growth, flowering, fruition. The optical signal carrying frequency information and energy information, the result of the interaction of the light signal with plant phytochrome and cryptochrome proteins promote the plant growth effect, with blue light energy to promote green leafy growth; red light to help fruition and to extend flowering period. Plant supplementary light is an international leading high-precision technology product in the use of semiconductor lighting principle, dedicated to the production of flowers and vegetables, with the desired spectrum of light that is suitable for plants, with red and blue LED light irradiation, which can not only promote their growth, increase production, but also change the structure of their nutrition, reduce pests and diseases, and reduce the utilization of agricultural chemical products, improve food security, reduce environmental pollution, and improve the quality of crops in Xingtai area.

This manuscript aims to apply the method of criticality matrix to evaluate critical raw materials for China. The matrix includes two dimensions, the supply risk evaluated by net import dependency and import concentration, and the economic importance evaluated by value-added value of consumption sectors. The results indicate that the most critical raw materials for China are Chromite, Cobalt, Manganese, Nickel, Iron ore, and Niobium & Tantalum.

In anaerobic digestion system, the functional niche of hydrogen-producing acetogens (HPAs) is between acidogenic fermentation bacteria and methanogens. HPAs are quite difficult to be isolated by pure and ampliative cultures due to the obligate anaerobic metabolism property in syntrophic association with methanogenic. In order to enhance the HPAs activities in anaerobic disgestion, the physioecologic and metabolic properties of HPAs under different medium conditions, such as carbon and nitrogen type, influent temperature and pH was investigated in batch cultivation experiments. The result illustrated that under the cultivation temperature of 45°C and pH of 8.0, the butyrate, propionate and benzoate could be utilized by the syntrophic acetogenesis coculture, of which the uptake rate of butyrate was highest. The glucose and sucrose were repulsed however. The metabolic activity of HPAs could be enormously simulated as the mixture of tryptone and yeast was taken as the nitrogen source.

Tests of bird strike have been carried out on plate made from LY-12 Aluminium. The test was down with the projectile impacting the target perpendicularly at velocity of 40m/s, 80m/s, 120m/s respectively. The displacement-time history curves and strain-time history curves of on LY-12 Aluminium plate were measured. The good agreement of the results between two specimens in one group indicated that the results tested in the presnet paper are reliable. The dynamic response of the plate and damage modes of the bird influenced by striking velocity were analyzed. The peak value of the displacement linear enlarged with the increasing of the striking velocity. The test results in the present paper provided valuable data for aircraft design impacted by bird, and also provided abundant test datas for the numerical simulation model applied in bird striking.

In reality, artificial factors are stronger in evaluating the comprehensive system during either the establishment of index system or the determination of the evaluation weight. In the paper it is discussed that rough set theory is applied to determine weight of comprehensive evaluation index, try to mine information from the data and to overcome the subjectivity of the weight setting in evaluating. We analyze a case using the designed program.

In order to study the saturation control of space juxtaposition mixed colors of yarn dyed fabrics with different warp and weft colors, this paper takes the fabric variety with 6-color warp and 3-color weft for example, designed 7 kinds of weaves with gradual change of floating length with red, green and blue and makes them into fabric samples; then, puts forward the methods of posterization of digital fabric pictures and histogram statistics for counting the coverage rate of color thread on yarn dyed fabric surface, through which a more accurate result can be obtained than theoretical calculation; In the end, conducts color test on 21 fabric samples with Digieye digital color measurement system, which shows that the saturation (C*) of mixed colors of fabric samples has a good linear relationship with the coverage rate of color thread on yarn dyed fabric surface, with the linear correlation coefficient of 0.90333.

This paper discusses a system of data acquisition and processing based on radio frequency technology and labview. It is designed for data acquisition and transmission of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) test system. It makes full use of the usefulness of labview in measurement field and the flexibility of wireless data transmission.Firstly this paper introduces the hardware and software of wireless data acquisition and transmission device. Then it introduces the design of labview software. Finally UAV test system uses this device to collect and analysis data, it provided a lot of useful information for the UAV flight test.

The material damages in aerospace industry caused by correction can be detected in many different products including welded and bolted areas in aircraft and jet engines. The corrosion occurs when different conducted materials contact to each other in electrolyte media and different conducted materials present potential difference that causes rusting. The rusting problems in products lead both safety issues and billions of dollar loss in different businesses including aerospace industry. This paper studies the rusting mechanism and anti-corrosive coatings by applying computational simulation and prototype experiment. Both computer-aided analysis and sample testing demonstrated similar results which confirm the feasibility of analytic methodology introduced in this research paper.

The SPAD was shown as a diagnostic tool to assess the nitrogen (N) nutrition status. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of SPAD as N nutrition status for rice. We conducted two years field experiment in the Ningxia irrigation area. Five N application rates were applied to rice to obtain contrasting conditions of N availability. The leaves N concentrations, SPAD and N uptake by rice were assessed. The results showed that response of SPAD to N uptake rate depends on the developmental stage of the rice. The peak periods for N uptake by rice were the jointing-booting stage to the flowering stage. Significant regression equations were established between SPAD and N uptake. The SPAD meter was demonstrated to be a useful nondestructive system to aid in the evaluation of N nutrition status in rice. However, consistency in sample seasonal timing may necessitate to correlate SPAD values.

To explore the protective effects of salidroside against endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) -induced cytotoxicity in human endothelial cells (EVC-304). EVC-304 cells were incubated in the presence or absence of low steady states of H2O2 (34μM) generated by glucose oxidase (GOX) with or without salidroside. MTT assays were performed, together with flow cytometric analysis using propidium (PI) label. The results indicated that salidroside could attenuate H2O2 induced cytotoxicity in EVC-304 cells in a dose-dependent pattern. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis revealed that salidroside could also inhibited the G2/M arrest induced by endogenous hydrogen. The present study demonstrates that salidroside could inhibit endogenous hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxicity of endothelial cells .

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been widely detected in aquatic environment in recent years; as emerging micro-pollutants, their influence on human health and ecological environment safety are of increasing concern. Membrane filtration is considered as the suitable separation method for PPCPs removal due to different removal mechanisms. This paper reviews the removal efficiency and removal mechanisms for PPCPs by NF/RO membranes.

This manuscript developed two methodologies of mapping energy flows of coal utilization in the form of Sankey diagrams: one was energy allocation diagram without illustrating any energy losses and the other was energy efficiency diagram illustrating main energy losses. Based on the methodologies, energy flow diagrams of China's coal utilization in the year 2005 and 2010 were presented. The two diagrams divided coal utilization into four stages from raw coal supply, by coal products supply and coal conversion, to energy end-use. Comparing with previous studies, some technical details were further introduced into the mapping, including coal preparation and the distribution of end-use energy such as electricity, heat and coke etc. Based on the results, the main characteristics of coal utilization in China and its main changes from 2005 to 2010 were discussed.

GaN semiconductor was one of the most promising semiconductor materials with direct wide band gap transition. It was regarded as one of the most desirable materials to prepare short wavelength optoelectronic devices for the good optoelectronic properties and excellent mechanical behavior. In this paper, n and p-type GaN films were prepared on Al2O3 substrates by MOCVD. Through the optimization of parameters, we obtained effective in doped Mg and carrier concentration for 1019. MSM structural ultraviolet photoelectric devices were prepared on GaN film by two step epitaxy growth method. The highest transmittance and best epitaxial growth quality has been gained at 570°C for buffer layer of the samples.

The supercritical and subcritical CO2 fluids are both new technologies having good industrial applications such as cleaning with the advantages of no residue, recyclability and so on. The technology of ultrasound coupled with them can enhance the dissolution and improve the mass transfer. However, there is a lack of in-depth study of its mechanism. The reasonable mechanism analysis of enhancement is stated in this paper. A new model is proposed that can simulate the dynamics of cavitation bubbles in the subcritical CO2 fluid based on the Rayleigh-Plesset equation. The effects of different parameter conditions on the dynamics of cavitation bubbles have been discussed and ideal parameter conditions which are beneficial to the dissolution are also listed from the dynamical simulation results.

High energy ball milling was used to preparation SiC/Al composites flakes. The research found the milling parameter of high energy milling was the ball/powder ration is 20:1, the rotary speed is 800 r/min, the milling time is 100min.Also researched the molding process of SiC/Al composites, the change of grain size and the weight fraction of the SiC, The research also found the mechanical properties of SiC/Al composites affected by the molding process. It was found that to reduce particle size and increasing of weight fraction of SiC, tensile strength of the SiC/Al composites increased. When the weight fraction of SiC in the SiC/Al composites is about 16%, the mechanical properties of SiC/Al composites about the hardness and tensile strength also get the high-point, the hardness and tensile strength is about 95HB and 248MPa.

In this paper, we analyze the work principle and control principle of floating panel board type clutch and brake of mechanical press. We focus on analyzing the clutch and brake compatibility test and control. In addition to this, various production machinery drag in most of the motor as power. Motor is controlled through some automatic mode. The most common control mode is relay and contactor, also called electrical control. It is an important part of automatic control. The practitioners must be familiar with this part of knowledge and improve the practical ability. In the electrical control training, we should take positive and effective methods, design the task reasonably, make project and broaden the thinking, to reach the ideal experimental effect.

A nano-structured Ni(II)–baicalein(BA) film is electrodeposited on a multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode in alkaline solution. The modified electrode shows electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of hydroxylamine. Kinetic parameters such as the electron transfer coefficient α, rate constant ks of the electrode reaction and the catalytic rate constant kcat of the catalytic reaction are determined. The catalytic currents present linear dependence on the concentration of hydroxylamine from 2.5×10-6 mol•L-1 to 4.0×10-4 mol•L-1 by amperometry. The detection limit and sensitivity are 6.0×10-7 mol•L-1 and 31.2 mA•L•mol-1, respectively. The modified electrode has been applied to determine hydroxylamine in water samples with satisfactory results.

Using self-designed indoor detecting methods, the performance test of shotcrete doped compound admixture and crude fiber were carried out. The results showed that compound admixture and crude fiber can improve the compressive strength, flexural toughness and crack resistance of shotcrete. Axial bond strengths of shotcrete with rock were more than 1.0MPa, and that can be increased by combined-doped compound admixture and crude fiber. Rebound rates of shotcrete were 23% and 20%, layer thickness in one shot cycle were 22cm and 25cm, and combined-doped compound admixture and fiber can increase the cohesiveness and reduce rebound rate. Self-designed methods can be used to compare construction performance of different shotcretes.

Silicon sensors, widely used in high energy and nuclear physics experiments, suffer severe radiation damage that leads to degradations in sensor performance. These degradations include significant increases in leakage current, bulk resistivity, space charge concentration, and free carrier trapping. For LHC (Large Hadron Collider) applications, where the total fluence is in the order of 1x1015neq/cm2for 10 years, the increase in space charge concentration has been the main problem since it can significantly increase the sensor full depletion voltage, causing either breakdown if operated at high biases or charge collection loss if operated at lower biases than full depletion. For LHC Upgrade, or the sLHC, however, with an increased total fluence up to 1x1016neq/cm2, the main limiting factor for Si detector operation is the severe trapping of free carriers by radiation-induced defect levels.

With the use of casing running tool (CRT), casing can be rotated and reciprocated at the same time with circulation of drilling fluid. Thus the flow in well bore was eccentric annular helical. Pressure exerted on casing was important for casing buckling analysis. A numerical model of eccentric annular helical flow of power law fluid was built in this paper. The relationship between average pressure gradient on pipe and some influence factors (pipe axial velocity, rotating angular velocity, drilling fluid circulation velocity, and axial coordination) was analyzed. Results showed that average pressure gradient caused by shear stress was only affected by average annular flow velocity, and it didn’t change along pipe length. Effect of rotating angular velocity on average pressure gradient on pipe was very small and could be negligible. A fitting function between average pressure gradient and average annular flow velocity was obtained in this end.

This study analyzes the ecological effects of energy efficiency improvement for coal utilization during urbanization in China by a hybrid computable general equilibrium model. Firstly, the impacts of energy efficiency and industrial technology upgrading on total coal consumption and coal consumption intensity during the period from 2002 to 2030 are examined. Then the ecological benefits of energy efficiency related technology progress for coal utilization are also estimated. Simulation results show that resource input saving has absolutely more ecological benefits than emissions reduction for energy efficiency improvement of coal utilization in China.

Based on the investigation of odor concentration of retention tank in combined system, it aim at the removal of mixed odor and pressure drop with blast furnace slag, pebble, sand as improved medium and soil as contrast through mixed odor of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide made in lab-scale. The results showed that the removal rate of H2S by different medium packed column becomes stable after 12 days, and 35 days for NH3. Pressure drop of each column meets with Equation Ergum and under the same condition the order is as follows: soil>sand>pebble>blast furnace slag. And the removal rate of each medium is: soil>sand>blast furnace slag. The soil is good for removal but its pressure drop is so high that it limits flow charge, thus its removal rate is the lowest. As a result, sand and pebble as the medium for soil deodorization considering pressure drop and the effect of deodorization were chosen. It turns out that the removal rate of NH3 is higher than 65% while H2S higher than 98%.

A 2,4-Dinitrotoluene degrading bacterium was isolated from sludge contaminated by DNT and identified as a member of Pseudomonas fluorescens sp. based on 16S rDNA sequence. Under growth substrates limited conditions, the strain was enriched with 2,4-DNT as its sole source of carbon and energy in the groundwater environment. Results indicate the isolate grew optimally at 12(±4)°C and initial pH 7.5 in the mineral salts medium supplemented 2,4-DNT with 40mg/L, thus showing potential for the remediation of 2,4-DNT contaminated groundwater.

A anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) with an effective volume of 28.7 L was adopted, and the hydrogen production efficiency was investigated with diluted molasses as the substrate. Using a mixture of aerobic and anaerobic activated sludge, the ABR was start-up with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and 35°C. When the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration was gradually increased from 500 mg/L to 6000 mg/L after a 63-day operation, the ABR kept a steady state. The increase of influent COD concentration, from 6000 mg/L to 8000 mg/L stage by stage, had the remarkable changes on the fermentative system. The ethanol-type fermentation was formed in the first three compartments, while butyric acid-type fermentation in the 4th compartment. In the steady stage at the influent COD of 8000 mg/L, the biogas (H2) yield was found 61.54 L/d (12.85 L/d) while specific H2 production rate of the activated sludge was 48 L/kgMLVSS∙d. Although the ABR system accumulated hydrogen-producing acetogen, due to the hydrogen-consuming bacteria (methanogen and homoacetogenic bacteria), the hydrogen production efficiency was badly inhibited.

Balancing the global exploration and the local exploitation has received particular attention in global optimization algorithm. In this paper, based on Kriging model an infill sample criteria named weighting-integral expected improvement is proposed, which provides a high flexibility to balance the scope of search. Coupled with this infill sample criteria, a strategy is proposed that on each iteration step, the infill sample point was selected by the urgency of each search scope. Two mathematical functions and one engineering problem are used to test this method. The numerical experiments show that this method has excellent efficiency in finding global optimum solutions.