14 results
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2. Formation and variation of the atmospheric heat source over the Tibetan Plateau and its climate effects.
- Author
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Wu, Guoxiong, He, Bian, Duan, Anmin, Liu, Yimin, and Yu, Wei
- Subjects
METEOROLOGY ,ATMOSPHERIC circulation ,REMOTE sensing ,MONSOONS ,ATMOSPHERIC water vapor - Abstract
Copyright of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Modeling aerosol climate effects over monsoon Asia: A collaborative research program.
- Author
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Wang, Wei-Chyung, Chen, Guoxing, and Song, Yangyang
- Subjects
MONSOONS ,ATMOSPHERIC aerosols & the environment ,CLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Causes of mid-Pliocene strengthened summer and weakened winter monsoons over East Asia.
- Author
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Zhang, Ran, Jiang, Dabang, and Zhang, Zhongshi
- Subjects
PLIOCENE Epoch ,SUMMER ,GLOBAL warming ,MONSOONS ,CLIMATE change - Abstract
The mid-Pliocene warm period was the most recent geological period in Earth's history that featured long-term warming. Both geological evidence and model results indicate that East Asian summer winds (EASWs) strengthened in monsoonal China, and that East Asian winter winds (EAWWs) weakened in northern monsoonal China during this period, as compared to the pre-industrial period. However, the corresponding mechanisms are still unclear. In this paper, the results of a set of numerical simulations are reported to analyze the effects of changed boundary conditions on the mid-Pliocene East Asian monsoon climate, based on PRISM3 (Pliocene Research Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping) palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. The model results showed that the combined changes of sea surface temperatures, atmospheric CO concentration, and ice sheet extent were necessary to generate an overall warm climate on a large scale, and that these factors exerted the greatest effects on the strengthening of EASWs in monsoonal China. The orographic change produced significant local warming and had the greatest effect on the weakening of EAWWs in northern monsoonal China in the mid-Pliocene. Thus, these two factors both had important but different effects on the monsoon change. In comparison, the effects of vegetational change on the strengthened EASWs and weakened EAWWs were relatively weak. The changed monsoon winds can be explained by a reorganization of the meridional temperature gradient and zonal thermal contrast. Moreover, the effect of orbital parameters cannot be ignored. Results showed that changes in orbital parameters could have markedly affected the EASWs and EAWWs, and caused significant short-term oscillations in the mid-Pliocene monsoon climate in East Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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5. Magnitude, Scale, and Dynamics of the 2020 Mei-yu Rains and Floods over China.
- Author
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Volonté, Ambrogio, Muetzelfeldt, Mark, Schiemann, Reinhard, Turner, Andrew G., and Klingaman, Nicholas
- Subjects
WATERSHEDS ,AIR masses ,ADVECTION ,MONSOONS ,FLOODS - Abstract
Copyright of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Variable and robust East Asian monsoon rainfall response to El Niño over the past 60 years (1957-2016).
- Author
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Wang, Bin, Li, Juan, and He, Qiong
- Subjects
RAINFALL ,FLOODS ,EL Nino ,METEOROLOGICAL precipitation ,MONSOONS - Abstract
Copyright of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Indo-western Pacific ocean capacitor and coherent climate anomalies in post-ENSO summer: A review.
- Author
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Xie, Shang-Ping, Kosaka, Yu, Du, Yan, Hu, Kaiming, Huang, Gang, and Chowdary, Jasti
- Subjects
MONSOONS ,EL Nino ,PRECIPITATION anomalies ,MARINE ecology - Abstract
ENSO induces coherent climate anomalies over the Indo-western Pacific, but these anomalies outlast SST anomalies of the equatorial Pacific by a season, with major effects on the Asian summer monsoon. This review provides historical accounts of major milestones and synthesizes recent advances in the endeavor to understand summer variability over the Indo-Northwest Pacific region. Specifically, a large-scale anomalous anticyclone (AAC) is a recurrent pattern in post-El Ni˜no summers, spanning the tropical Northwest Pacific and North Indian oceans. Regarding the ocean memory that anchors the summer AAC, competing hypotheses emphasize either SST cooling in the easterly trade wind regime of the Northwest Pacific or SST warming in the westerly monsoon regime of the North Indian Ocean. Our synthesis reveals a coupled ocean-atmosphere mode that builds on both mechanisms in a two-stage evolution. In spring, when the northeast trades prevail, the AAC and Northwest Pacific cooling are coupled via wind-evaporation-SST feedback. The Northwest Pacific cooling persists to trigger a summer feedback that arises from the interaction of the AAC and North Indian Ocean warming, enabled by the westerly monsoon wind regime. This Indo-western Pacific ocean capacitor (IPOC) effect explains why El Ni˜no stages its last act over the monsoonal Indo-Northwest Pacific and casts the Indian Ocean warming and AAC in leading roles. The IPOC displays interdecadal modulations by the ENSO variance cycle, significantly correlated with ENSO at the turn of the 20th century and after the 1970s, but not in between. Outstanding issues, including future climate projections, are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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8. Influence of soil moisture in eastern China on the East Asian summer monsoon.
- Author
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Zuo, Zhiyan and Zhang, Renhe
- Subjects
SOIL moisture ,MONSOONS ,SOIL percolation ,AQUIC conditions of soils ,LATENT heat - Abstract
The sensitivity of the East Asian summer monsoon to soil moisture anomalies over China was investigated based on ensembles of seasonal simulations (March-September) using the NCEP GCM coupled with the Simplified Simple Biosphere Model (NCEP GCM/SSiB). After a control experiment with free-running soil moisture, two ensembles were performed in which the soil moisture over the vast region from the lower and middle reaches of the Yangtze River valley to North China (YRNC) was double and half that in the control, with the maximum less than the field capacity. The simulation results showed significant sensitivity of the East Asian summer monsoon to wet soil in YRNC. The wetter soil was associated with increased surface latent heat flux and reduced surface sensible heat flux. In turn, these changes resulted in a wetter and colder local land surface and reduced land-sea temperature gradients, corresponding to a weakened East Asian monsoon circulation in an anomalous anticyclone over southeastern China, and a strengthened East Asian trough southward over Northeast China. Consequently, less precipitation appeared over southeastern China and North China and more rainfall over Northeast China. The weakened monsoon circulation and strengthened East Asian trough was accompanied by the convergence of abnormal northerly and southerly flow over the Yangtze River valley, resulting in more rainfall in this region. In the drier soil experiments, less precipitation appeared over YRNC. The East Asian monsoon circulation seems to show little sensitivity to dry soil anomalies in NCEP GCM/SSiB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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9. Tracing the boundary layer sources of carbon monoxide in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone using WRF-Chem.
- Author
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Yan, Renchang and Bian, Jianchun
- Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC boundary layer ,ATMOSPHERIC carbon monoxide ,MONSOONS ,ANTICYCLONES ,METEOROLOGICAL research ,WEATHER forecasting - Abstract
The Asian summer monsoon (ASM) anticyclone is a dominant feature of the circulation in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere (UTLS) during boreal summer, which is found to have persistent maxima in carbon monoxide (CO). This enhancement is due to the upward transport of air with high CO from the planetary boundary layer (PBL), and confinement within the anticyclonic circulation. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, CO surface emissions are relatively high in the ASM region, especially in India and East China. To reveal the transport pathway of CO surface emissions over these two regions, and investigate the contribution of these to the CO distribution within the ASM anticyclone, a source sensitivity experiment was performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) with chemistry model (WRF-Chem). According to the experiment results, the CO within the ASM anticyclone mostly comes from India, while the contribution from East China is insignificant. The result ismainly caused by the different transportation mechanisms. In India, CO transportation is primarily affected by convection. The surface air with high CO over India is directly transported to the upper troposphere, and then confined within the ASM anticyclone, leading to a maximum value in the UTLS region. The CO transportation over East China is affected by deep convection and large-scale circulation, resulting mainly in transportation to Korea, Japan, and the North Pacific Ocean, with little upward transport to the anticyclone, leading to a high CO value at 215 hPa over these regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Predictability of the East Asian winter monsoon indices by the coupled models of ENSEMBLES.
- Author
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Yang, Se-Hwan and Lu, Riyu
- Subjects
MONSOONS ,WEATHER forecasting ,STATISTICAL correlation ,PREDICTION theory ,EARTH temperature - Abstract
The seasonal predictability of various East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) indices was investigated in this study based on the retrospective forecasts of the five state-of-the-art coupled models from ENSEMBLES for a 46-year period of 1961-2006. It was found that the ENSEMBLES models predict five out of the 21 EAWM indices well, with temporal correlation coefficients ranging from 0.54 to 0.61. These five indices are defined by the averaged lower-tropospheric winds over the low latitudes (south of 30°N). Further analyses indicated that the predictability of these five indices originates from their intimate relationship with ENSO. A cross-validated prediction, which took the preceding (November) observed Niño3.4 index as a predictor, gives a prediction skill almost identical to that shown by the model. On the other hand, the models present rather low predictability for the other indices and for surface air temperature in East Asia. In addition, the models fail to reproduce the relationship between the indices of different categories, implying that they cannot capture the tropical-extratropical interaction related to EAWM variability. Together, these results suggest that reliable prediction of the EAWM indices and East Asian air temperature remains a challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Relationships between interannual and intraseasonal variations of the Asian-western Pacific summer monsoon hindcasted by BCC_CSM1.1(m).
- Author
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Liu, Xiangwen, Wu, Tongwen, Yang, Song, Li, Qiaoping, Cheng, Yanjie, Liang, Xiaoyun, Fang, Yongjie, Jie, Weihua, and Nie, Suping
- Subjects
MADDEN-Julian oscillation ,MONSOONS ,GEOPHYSICAL prediction ,ATMOSPHERIC pressure ,WEATHER ,WEATHER forecasting ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Using hindcasts of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model, the relationships between interannual variability (IAV) and intraseasonal variability (ISV) of the Asian-western Pacific summer monsoon are diagnosed. Predictions show reasonable skill with respect to some basic characteristics of the ISV and IAV of the western North Pacific summer monsoon (WNPSM) and the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). However, the links between the seasonally averaged ISV (SAISV) and seasonal mean of ISM are overestimated by the model. This deficiency may be partially attributable to the overestimated frequency of long breaks and underestimated frequency of long active spells of ISV in normal ISM years, although the model is capable of capturing the impact of ISV on the seasonal mean by its shift in the probability of phases. Furthermore, the interannual relationships of seasonal mean, SAISV, and seasonally averaged long-wave variability (SALWV; i.e., the part with periods longer than the intraseasonal scale) of the WNPSM and ISM with SST and low-level circulation are examined. The observed seasonal mean, SAISV, and SALWV show similar correlation patterns with SST and atmospheric circulation, but with different details. However, the model presents these correlation distributions with unrealistically small differences among different scales, and it somewhat overestimates the teleconnection between monsoon and tropical central-eastern Pacific SST for the ISM, but underestimates it for the WNPSM, the latter of which is partially related to the too-rapid decrease in the impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation with forecast time in the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. CMIP5/AMIP GCM simulations of East Asian summer monsoon.
- Author
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Feng, Jinming, Wei, Ting, Dong, Wenjie, Wu, Qizhong, and Wang, Yongli
- Subjects
MONSOONS ,ATMOSPHERIC models ,GENERAL circulation model ,CLIMATOLOGY ,RAINFALL - Abstract
The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is a distinctive component of the Asian climate system and critically influences the economy and society of the region. To understand the ability of AGCMs in capturing the major features of EASM, 10 models that participated in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project/Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5/AMIP), which used observational SST and sea ice to drive AGCMs during the period 1979-2008, were evaluated by comparing with observations and AMIP II simulations. The results indicated that the multi-model ensemble (MME) of CMIP5/AMIP captures the main characteristics of precipitation and monsoon circulation, and shows the best skill in EASM simulation, better than the AMIP II MME. As for the Meiyu/Changma/Baiyu rainbelt, the intensity of rainfall is underestimated in all the models. The biases are caused by a weak western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and accompanying eastward southwesterly winds in group I models, and by a too strong and west-extended WPSH as well as westerly winds in group II models. Considerable systematic errors exist in the simulated seasonal migration of rainfall, and the notable northward jumps and rainfall persistence remain a challenge for all the models. However, the CMIP5/AMIP MME is skillful in simulating the western North Pacific monsoon index (WNPMI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Interference of the East Asian winter monsoon in the impact of ENSO on the East Asian summer monsoon in decaying phases.
- Author
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Feng, Juan and Chen, Wen
- Subjects
MONSOONS ,ANTICYCLONES ,RAINFALL ,OCEAN temperature ,EL Nino - Abstract
The variability of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) can be divided into an ENSO-related part (EAW) and an ENSO-unrelated part (EAWM). The influence of EAWM on the ENSO-East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) relationship in the decaying stages of ENSO is investigated in the present study. To achieve this, ENSO is divided into four groups based on the EAWM: (1) weak EAWM-El Niño (WEAWM-EN); (2) strong EAWM-El Niño (SEAWM- EN); (3) weak EAWM-La Niña (WEAWM-LN); (4) strong EAWM-La Niña (SEAWM-LN). Composite results demonstrate that the EAWM may enhance the atmospheric responses over East Asia to ENSO for WEAWM-EN and SEAWM-LN. The corresponding low-level anticyclonic (cyclonic) anomalies over the western North Pacific (WNP) associated with El Niño (La Niña) tend to be strong. Importantly, this feature may persist into the following summer, causing abundant rainfall in northern China for WEAWM-EN cases and in southwestern China for SEAWM-LN cases. In contrast, for the SEAWM-EN and WEAWM-LN groups, the EAWMres tends to weaken the atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with El Niño or La Niña. In these cases, the anomalous WNP anticyclone or cyclone tend to be reduced and confined to lower latitudes, which results in deficient summer rainfall in northern China for SEAWM-EN and in southwestern China for WEAWM-LN. Further study suggests that anomalous EAWM may have an effect on the extra-tropical sea surface temperature anomaly, which persists into the ensuing summer and may interfere with the influences of ENSO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Water vapor transport and cross-equatorial flow over the Asian-Australia monsoon region simulated by CMIP5 climate models.
- Author
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Song, Yajuan, Qiao, Fangli, Song, Zhenya, and Jiang, Chunfei
- Subjects
WATER vapor transport ,MONSOONS ,CLIMATE research ,ATMOSPHERIC models ,OCEAN-atmosphere interaction - Abstract
The summer mean water vapor transport (WVT) and cross-equatorial flow (CEF) over the Asian-Australian monsoon region simulated by 22 coupled atmospheric-oceanic general circulation models (AOGCMs) from the World Climate Research Programme's Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) were evaluated. Based on climatology of the twentieth-century simulations, most of models have a reasonably realistic representation of summer monsoon WVT characterized by southeast water vapor conveyor belt over the South Indian Ocean and southwest belt from the Arabian Sea to the East Asian. The correlation coefficients between NCEP reanalysis and simulations of BCC-CSM1-1, BNU-ESM, CanESM2, FGOALS-s2, MIROC4h and MPI-ESM-LR are up to 0.8. The simulated CEF depicted by the meridional wind along the equator includes the Somali jet and eastern CEF in low atmosphere and the reverse circulation in upper atmosphere, which were generally consistent with NCEP reanalysis. Multi-model ensemble means (MME) can reproduce more reasonable climatological features in spatial distribution both of WVT and CEF. Ten models with more reasonable WVT simulations were selected for future projection studies, including BCCCSM1-1, BNU-ESM, CanESM2, CCSM4, FGOALS-s2, FIO-ESM, GFDL-ESM2G, MRIOC5, MPI-ESM-LR and NorESM-1M. Analysis based on the future projection experiments in RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6 and RCP8.5 show that the global warming forced by different RCP scenarios will results in enhanced WVT over the Indian area and the west Pacific and weaken WVT in the low latitudes of tropical Indian Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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