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In this paper, we focus on the synchronization of fractional-order coupled neural networks (FCNNs). First, by taking information on activation functions into account, we construct a convex Lur'e–Postnikov Lyapunov function. Based on the convex Lyapunov function and a general convex quadratic function, we derive a novel Mittag-Leffler synchronization criterion for the FCNNs with symmetrical coupled matrix in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Then we present a robust Mittag-Leffler synchronization criterion for the FCNNs with uncertain parameters. These two Mittag-Leffler synchronization criteria can be solved easily by LMI tools in Matlab. Moreover, we present a novel Lyapunov synchronization criterion for the FCNNs with unsymmetrical coupled matrix in the form of LMIs, which can be easily solved by YALMIP tools in Matlab. The feasibilities of the criteria obtained in this paper are shown by four numerical examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we offer a new quantum integral identity, the result is then used to obtain some new estimates of Hermite–Hadamard inequalities for quantum integrals. The results presented in this paper are generalizations of the comparable results in the literature on Hermite–Hadamard inequalities. Several inequalities, such as the midpoint-like integral inequality, the Simpson-like integral inequality, the averaged midpoint–trapezoid-like integral inequality, and the trapezoid-like integral inequality, are obtained as special cases of our main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The visual beauty reflects the practicability and superiority of design dependent on the fractal theory. Based on the applicability in practice, it shows that it is the completely feasible, self-comparability and multifaceted nature of fractal sets that made it an appealing field of research. There is a strong correlation between fractal sets and convexity due to its intriguing nature in the mathematical sciences. This paper investigates the notions of generalized exponentially harmonically (G E H ) convex and G E H s-convex functions on a real linear fractal sets R α (0 < α ≤ 1 ). Based on these novel ideas, we derive the generalized Hermite–Hadamard inequality, generalized Fejér–Hermite–Hadamard type inequality and Pachpatte type inequalities for G E H s-convex functions. Taking into account the local fractal identity; we establish a certain generalized Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for local differentiable G E H s-convex functions. Meanwhile, another auxiliary result is employed to obtain the generalized Ostrowski type inequalities for the proposed techniques. Several special cases of the proposed concept are presented in the light of generalized exponentially harmonically convex, generalized harmonically convex and generalized harmonically s-convex. Meanwhile, an illustrative example and some novel applications in generalized special means are obtained to ensure the correctness of the present results. This novel strategy captures several existing results in the corresponding literature. Finally, we suppose that the consequences of this paper can stimulate those who are interested in fractal analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we obtain Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities of convex functions by applying the notion of q b -integral. We prove some new inequalities related with right-hand sides of q b -Hermite–Hadamard inequalities for differentiable functions with convex absolute values of second derivatives. The results presented in this paper are a unification and generalization of the comparable results in the literature on Hermite–Hadamard inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fractal analysis is one of interesting research areas of computer science and engineering, which depicts a precise description of phenomena in modeling. Visual beauty and self-similarity has made it an attractive field of research. The fractal sets are the effective tools to describe the accuracy of the inequalities for convex functions. In this paper, we employ linear fractals R α to investigate the (s , m) -convexity and relate them to derive generalized Hermite–Hadamard (HH) type inequalities and several other associated variants depending on an auxiliary result. Under this novel approach, we aim at establishing an analog with the help of local fractional integration. Meanwhile, we establish generalized Simpson-type inequalities for (s , m) -convex functions. The results in the frame of local fractional showed that among all comparisons, we can only see the correlation between novel strategies and the earlier consequences in generalized s-convex, generalized m-convex, and generalized convex functions. We obtain application in probability density functions and generalized special means to confirm the relevance and computational effectiveness of the considered method. Similar results in this dynamic field can also be widely applied to other types of fractals and explored similarly to what has been done in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integral operators have a very vital role in diverse fields of science and engineering. In this paper, we use φ-convex functions for unified integral operators to obtain their upper bounds and upper and lower bounds for symmetric φ-convex functions in the form of a Hadamard inequality. Also, for φ-convex functions, we obtain bounds of different known fractional and conformable fractional integrals. The results of this paper are applicable to convex functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard type for harmonically convex functions using a generalized fractional integral. The results of our paper are an extension of previously obtained results (İşcan in Hacet. J. Math. Stat. 43(6):935–942, 2014 and İşcan and Wu in Appl. Math. Comput. 238:237–244, 2014). We also discuss some special cases for our main results and obtain new inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fractional calculus operators play a very important role in generalizing concepts of calculus used in diverse fields of science. In this paper, we use Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals to establish generalized identities, which are further applied to obtain midpoint and trapezoidal inequalities for convex function with respect to a strictly monotone function. These inequalities reproduce midpoint and trapezoidal inequalities for convex, harmonic convex, p-convex, and geometrically convex functions. Also, some new inequalities can be generated via specific strictly monotone functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simpson inequalities for differentiable convex functions and their fractional versions have been studied extensively. Simpson type inequalities for twice differentiable functions are also investigated. More precisely, Budak et al. established the first result on fractional Simpson inequality for twice differentiable functions. In the present article, we prove a new identity for twice differentiable functions. In addition to this, we establish several fractional Simpson type inequalities for functions whose second derivatives in absolute value are convex. This paper is a new version of fractional Simpson type inequalities for twice differentiable functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we obtain new Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities for r-convex and geometrically convex functions and, additionally, some new Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities by using the Hölder–İşcan integral inequality and an improved power-mean inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some new integral inequalities for strongly (α , h − m) -convex functions via generalized Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals are established. The outcomes of this paper provide refinements of some fractional integral inequalities for strongly convex, strongly m-convex, strongly (α , m) -convex, and strongly (h − m) -convex functions. Also, the refinements of error estimations of these inequalities are obtained by using two fractional integral identities. Moreover, using a parameter substitution and a constant multiplier, k-fractional versions of established inequalities are also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new integral operators are defined in this paper using the classical Bernardi and Libera integral operators and the confluent (or Kummer) hypergeometric function. It is proved that the new operators preserve certain classes of univalent functions, such as classes of starlike and convex functions, and that they extend starlikeness of order 1 2 and convexity of order 1 2 to starlikeness and convexity, respectively. For obtaining the original results, the method of admissible functions is used, and the results are also written as differential inequalities and interpreted using inclusion properties for certain subsets of the complex plane. The example provided shows an application of the original results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we prove some new Opial-type dynamic inequalities on time scales. Our results are obtained in frame of convexity property and by using the chain rule and Jensen and Hölder inequalities. For illustration purpose, we obtain some particular Opial-type inequalities reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have established some generalized inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard–Fejér type for generalized integrals. The results obtained are applied for fractional integrals of various type and therefore contain some previous results reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we establish some new results on trapezium type inequalities of coordinated distance-disturbed (ℓ 1 , h 1) – (ℓ 2 , h 2) -convex functions of higher orders (σ 1 , σ 2) by using the Katugampola (k 1 , k 2) -fractional integrals. As special cases of our general results, we recapture some earlier proved results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish some Hermite–Hadamard–Fejér type inclusions for the product of two co-ordinated convex interval-valued functions. These inclusions are generalizations of some results given in earlier works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to generalize the fractional Hadamard and Fejér–Hadamard inequalities. By using a generalized fractional integral operator containing extended Mittag-Leffler function via monotone function, for convex functions we generalize well known fractional Hadamard and Fejér–Hadamard inequalities. Also we study the error bounds of these generalized Hadamard and Fejér–Hadamard inequalities. We also obtain some published results from presented inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a new bound for the Jensen gap with the help of a Green function. Using the bound, we deduce a converse of the Hölder inequality as well. Finally, we present some applications of the main result in information theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, certain Hermite–Hadamard–Mercer type inequalities are proved via k-Caputo fractional derivatives. We established some new k-Caputo fractional derivatives inequalities with Hermite–Hadamard–Mercer type inequalities for differentiable mapping ψ (n) whose derivatives in the absolute values are convex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work deals with the bounds of a unified integral operator with which several fractional and conformable integral operators are directly associated. By using quasiconvex and monotone functions we establish bounds of these integral operators. We prove their boundedness and continuity. The results of this paper generalize already published results and have direct consequences for fractional and conformable integrals [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers a class of multi-valued backward stochastic differential equations with subdifferential of a lower semi-continuous convex function with regime switching, whose generator is a continuous-time Markov chain with a finite state space. Firstly, we get the existence and uniqueness of the solution by the penalization method. Secondly, we prove that the solution of the original system is weakly convergent. Finally, we give an application to the homogenization of a class of multi-valued PDEs with Markov chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, we extend some previous results dealing with the Hermite–Hadamard inequalities with fractal sets and several auxiliary results that vary with local fractional derivatives introduced in the recent literature. We provide new generalizations for the third-order differentiability by employing the local fractional technique for functions whose local fractional derivatives in the absolute values are generalized convex and obtain several bounds and new results applicable to convex functions by using the generalized Hölder and power-mean inequalities. As an application, numerous novel cases can be obtained from our outcomes. To ensure the feasibility of the proposed method, we present two examples to verify the method. It should be pointed out that the investigation of our findings in fractal analysis and inequality theory is vital to our perception of the real world since they are more realistic models of natural and man-made phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to introduce a new more elegant notion of left–right (p , q) -derivative and definite integrals. To show the significance of these concepts, we discuss some of their basic properties. A new generalized (p , q) -integral identity is also obtained. Utilizing this identity as an auxiliary result we then obtain our main results using the concept of n-polynomial convex functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we give and study the concept of n-polynomial (s , m) -exponential-type convex functions and some of their algebraic properties. We prove new generalization of Hermite–Hadamard-type inequality for the n-polynomial (s , m) -exponential-type convex function ψ. We also obtain some refinements of the Hermite–Hadamard inequality for functions whose first derivatives in absolute value at certain power are n-polynomial (s , m) -exponential-type convex. Some applications to special means and new error estimates for the trapezoid formula are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, certain Hermite–Jensen–Mercer type inequalities are proved via conformable integrals of arbitrary order. We establish some different and new fractional Hermite–Hadamard–Mercer type inequalities for a differentiable function f whose derivatives in the absolute values are convex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Levinson type inequalities are studied for the class of higher order convex functions by using Abel–Gontscharoff interpolation. Cebyšev, Grüss, and Ostrowski-type new bounds are also found for the functionals involving data points of two types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We establish new quantum Hermite–Hadamard and midpoint types inequalities via a parameter μ ∈ [ 0 , 1 ] for a function F whose | α D q F | u is η-quasiconvex on [ α , β ] with u ≥ 1 . Results obtained in this paper generalize, sharpen, and extend some results in the literature. For example, see (Noor et al. in Appl. Math. Comput. 251:675–679, 2015; Alp et al. in J. King Saud Univ., Sci. 30:193–203, 2018) and (Kunt et al. in Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat., Ser. A Mat. 112:969–992, 2018). By choosing different values of μ, loads of novel estimates can be deduced. We also present some illustrative examples to show how some consequences of our results may be applied to derive more quantum inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we obtain sufficient conditions ensuring stability of the robust finite-time for descriptor Markovian jump systems with impulsive effects and time-varying norm-bounded disturbance, especially, when the system is in actuator saturation. Using the theory of Lyapunov functions and the concept of convex hull-based representation of saturation function. We design the state feedback controller and obtain estimation of domain of attraction, extending the results to convex optimization problems; the solvability condition of the controller can be equivalent to a feasibility problem of coupled linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, we present some numerical examples showing the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is dedicated to Opial-type inequalities for arbitrary kernels using convex functions. These inequalities are further applied to a power function. Applications of the presented results are studied in fractional calculus via fractional integral operators by associating special kernels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The class of quasi-convex functions contain all those finite convex functions which are defined on finite closed intervals of real line. The aim of this paper is to establish the bounds of the sum of left and right fractional integral operators using quasi-convex functions. An identity is formulated which is used to find Hadamard-type inequalities for quasi-convex functions. Connections with some known results are analyzed. Furthermore, some implications are derived by considering some examples of quasi-convex functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taylor's polynomial and Green's function are used to obtain new generalizations of an inequality for higher order convex functions containing Csiszár divergence on time scales. Various new inequalities for some divergence measures in quantum calculus and h-discrete calculus are also established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we prove an identity for twice partially differentiable mappings involving the double generalized fractional integral and some parameters. By using this established identity, we offer some generalized inequalities for differentiable co-ordinated convex functions with a rectangle in the plane R 2 . Furthermore, by special choice of parameters in our main results, we obtain several well-known inequalities such as the Ostrowski inequality, trapezoidal inequality, and the Simpson inequality for Riemann and Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At first, we recall the q-operators in the context of q-calculus and by examining these operators we will introduce new definitions of the partial q-operators. Then, we investigate some new refinements inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard (H − H ) type on the coordinated convex functions involving the new defined partial q-operators. From our main results, we establish several specific inequalities and we point out the existing results which had already been obtained in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the new concept of s- (α , m) -convex functions, we obtain some new Hermite–Hadamard inequalities with an s- (α , m) -convex function. We use these inequalities to estimate Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals with second-order differentiable convex functions to enrich the Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities. We give some applications to special means. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integral inequality is an interesting mathematical model due to its wide and significant applications in mathematical analysis and fractional calculus. In this study, authors have established some generalized Raina fractional integral inequalities using an (l 1 , h 1) - (l 2 , h 2) -convex function on coordinates. Also, we obtain an integral identity for partial differentiable functions. As an effect of this result, two interesting integral inequalities for the (l 1 , h 1) - (l 2 , h 2) -convex function on coordinates are given. Finally, we can say that our findings recapture some recent results as special cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this investigation, we demonstrate the quantum version of Montgomery identity for the functions of two variables. Then we use the result to derive some new Ostrowski-type inequalities for the functions of two variables via quantum integrals. We also consider the particular cases of the key results and offer some new integral inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inequality theory provides a significant mechanism for managing symmetrical aspects in real-life circumstances. The renowned distinguishing feature of integral inequalities and fractional calculus has a solid possibility to regulate continuous issues with high proficiency. This manuscript contributes to a captivating association of fractional calculus, special functions and convex functions. The authors develop a novel approach for investigating a new class of convex functions which is known as an n-polynomial P -convex function. Meanwhile, considering two identities via generalized fractional integrals, provide several generalizations of the Hermite–Hadamard and Ostrowski type inequalities by employing the better approaches of Hölder and power-mean inequalities. By this new strategy, using the concept of n-polynomial P -convexity we can evaluate several other classes of n-polynomial harmonically convex, n-polynomial convex, classical harmonically convex and classical convex functions as particular cases. In order to investigate the efficiency and supremacy of the suggested scheme regarding the fractional calculus, special functions and n-polynomial P -convexity, we present two applications for the modified Bessel function and q -digamma function. Finally, these outcomes can evaluate the possible symmetric roles of the criterion that express the real phenomena of the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of the use of integral inequalities has dramatically influenced the evolution of mathematical analysis. The use of these useful tools leads to faster advances in the presentation of fractional calculus. This article investigates the Hermite–Hadamard integral inequalities via the notion of Ϝ-convexity. After that, we introduce the notion of Ϝ μ -convexity in the context of conformable operators. In view of this, we establish some Hermite–Hadamard integral inequalities (both trapezoidal and midpoint types) and some special case of those inequalities as well. Finally, we present some examples on special means of real numbers. Furthermore, we offer three plot illustrations to clarify the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The celebrated Hermite–Hadamard and Ostrowski type inequalities have been studied extensively since they have been established. We find novel versions of the Hermite–Hadamard and Ostrowski type inequalities for the n-polynomial s-type convex functions in the frame of fractional calculus. Taking into account the new concept, we derive some generalizations that capture novel results under investigation. We present two different general techniques, for the functions whose first and second derivatives in absolute value at certain powers are n-polynomial s-type convex functions by employing K -fractional integral operators have yielded intriguing results. Applications and motivations of presented results are briefly discussed that generate novel variants related to quadrature rules that will be helpful for in-depth investigation in fractal theory, optimization and machine learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new auxiliary result based on a three step quadratic kernel utilizing the concepts of local fractional calculus is obtained. Using this new auxiliary result we have several new Newton type inequalities whose power q of local fractional derivative in modulus is a generalized harmonic convex function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work mainly investigates the separation and stability of solutions to nonlinear systems involving Caputo–Fabrizio fractional derivatives. An inequality ensuring the positivity of the fractional derivative at a given point is derived, by which the sufficient conditions for the separation of solutions are obtained. The comparison principle and the inequality for the fractional derivatives of convex functions are obtained, by which the approach of the convex Lyapunov functions is extended effectively to establish the criteria for the stability of solutions in the context of Caputo–Fabrizio fractional derivatives. Applications of the main results are illustrated by using examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the bounds of fractional integral operators containing an extended generalized Mittag-Leffler function as a kernel via several kinds of convexity. In particular, the established bounds are studied for convex functions and further connected with known results. Furthermore, these results applied to the parabolic function and consequently recurrence relations for Mittag-Leffler functions are obtained. Moreover, some fractional differential equations containing Mittag-Leffler functions are constructed and their solutions are provided by Laplace transform technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the modified Hermite–Hadamard inequality and related results on integral inequalities, in the context of fractional calculus using the Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals. Our results generalize and modify some existing results. Finally, some applications to special means of real numbers are given. Moreover, some error estimates for the midpoint formula are pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, we establish serval novel Hermite–Jensen–Mercer-type inequalities for convex functions in the framework of the k-fractional conformable integrals by use of our new approaches. Our obtained results are the generalizations, improvements, and extensions of some previously known results, and our ideas and methods may lead to a lot of follow-up research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we introduce the notion of interval-valued coordinated convexity and demonstrate Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for interval-valued convex functions on the co-ordinates in a rectangle from the plane. Moreover, we prove Hermite–Hadamard inequalities for the product of interval-valued convex functions on coordinates. Our results generalize several other well-known inequalities given in the existing literature on this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The notion of m-polynomial convex interval-valued function Ψ = [ ψ − , ψ + ] is hereby proposed. We point out a relationship that exists between Ψ and its component real-valued functions ψ − and ψ + . For this class of functions, we establish loads of new set inclusions of the Hermite–Hadamard type involving the ρ-Riemann–Liouville fractional integral operators. In particular, we prove, among other things, that if a set-valued function Ψ defined on a convex set S is m-polynomial convex, ρ , ϵ > 0 and ζ , η ∈ S , then m m + 2 − m − 1 Ψ (ζ + η 2) ⊇ Γ ρ (ϵ + ρ) (η − ζ) ϵ ρ [ ρ J ζ + ϵ Ψ (η) + ρ J η − ϵ Ψ (ζ) ] ⊇ Ψ (ζ) + Ψ (η) m ∑ p = 1 m S p (ϵ ; ρ) , where Ψ is Lebesgue integrable on [ ζ , η ] , S p (ϵ ; ρ) = 2 − ϵ ϵ + ρ p − ϵ ρ B (ϵ ρ , p + 1) and B is the beta function. We extend, generalize, and complement existing results in the literature. By taking m ≥ 2 , we derive loads of new and interesting inclusions. We hope that the idea and results obtained herein will be a catalyst towards further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article addresses the concept of p-convex functions on fractal sets. We are able to prove a novel auxiliary result. In the application aspect, the fidelity of the local fractional is used to establish the generalization of Simpson-type inequalities for the class of functions whose local fractional derivatives in absolute values at certain powers are p-convex. The method we present is an alternative in showing the classical variants associated with generalized p-convex functions. Some parts of our results cover the classical convex functions and classical harmonically convex functions. Some novel applications in random variables, cumulative distribution functions and generalized bivariate means are obtained to ensure the correctness of the present results. The present approach is efficient, reliable, and it can be used as an alternative to establishing new solutions for different types of fractals in computer graphics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, we introduce the generalized proportional Hadamard fractional integrals and establish several inequalities for convex functions in the framework of the defined class of fractional integrals. The given results are generalizations of some known results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the newly introduced fractional integral operators in (Fasc. Math. 20(4):5-27, 2016) and (East Asian Math. J. 21(2):191-203, 2005), we establish some novel inequalities of the Hermite–Hadamard type for functions whose second derivatives in absolute value are η-quasiconvex. Results obtained herein give a broader generalization to some existing results in the literature by choosing appropriate values of the parameters under consideration. We apply our results to some special means such as the arithmetic, geometric, harmonic, logarithmic, generalized logarithmic, and identric means to obtain more results in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]