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The main target of this paper is to study a problem of recovering a spherically symmetric domain with fractional derivative from observed data of nonlocal type. This problem can be established as a new boundary value problem where a Cauchy condition is replaced with a prescribed time average of the solution. In this work, we set some of the results above existence and regularity of the mild solutions of the proposed problem in some suitable space. Next, we also show the ill-posedness of our problem in the sense of Hadamard. The regularized solution is given by the fractional Tikhonov method and convergence rate between the regularized solution and the exact solution under a priori parameter choice rule and under a posteriori parameter choice rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with boundary value problems for local and nonlocal Laplace operator in 2D with exponential nonlinearities, the so-called Liouville type equations. They include the mean field equation and other equations arising in the statistical mechanics. Existence results into an explicit form for the Dirichlet problem in the unit disc B 1 ⊂ R 2 and in the participation of positive parameters in the right-hand sides are proved in Theorems 2 and 3. Theorem 2 is illustrated by several examples including an application to the differential geometry. In Theorem 4 global radial solution of the Cauchy problem with constant data at ∂ B 1 and under appropriate conditions is constructed. It develops logarithmic singularities for r = 0 , r = ∞ . An illustrative example to Theorem 4 in the case of two exponents is given at the end of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we discuss the existence and approximation of solutions for a fourth-order nonlinear boundary value problem by using a quasilinearization technique. In the presence of a lower solution α and an upper solution β in the reverse order α ≥ β , we show the existence of (extreme) solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider two classes of boundary value problems for nonlinear implicit differential equations with nonlinear integral conditions involving Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo fractional derivatives of orders 0 < ϑ ≤ 1 and 1 < ϑ ≤ 2 . We structure the equivalent fractional integral equations of the proposed problems. Further, the existence and uniqueness theorems are proved with the aid of fixed point theorems of Krasnoselskii and Banach. Lastly, the paper includes pertinent examples to justify the validity of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, Jankowski (Appl. Math. Comput. 218:2549-2557, 2011; Appl. Math. Comput. 219:9348-9355, 2013) established four existence results for four difference equations with causal operators. These results are based on four comparison results, respectively. However, the comparison results in the above papers contain inaccuracies. In this paper, we will establish four new comparison results which correct and supplement the comparison results in the above papers. Two examples are given to illustrate our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the existence of positive solutions for a class of fractional boundary value problems involving q-difference. By using the fixed point theorem of cone mappings, two existence results are obtained. Examples are given to illustrate the abstract results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On this paper, for an arbitrary order operator-differential equation with the weight e − α t 2 , α ∈ (− ∞ , + ∞) , in the space W 2 n + m (R + ; H) , we attain sufficient conditions for the well-posedness of a regular solvable of the boundary value problem. These conditions are provided only by the operator coefficients of the investigated equation where the leading part of the equation has multiple characteristics. We prove the connection between the lower bound of the spectrum of the higher-order differential operator in the main part and the exponential weight and also obtain estimations of the norms of operator intermediate derivatives. We apply the results of this paper to a mixed problem for higher-order partial differential equations (HOPDs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a singular fractional differential equation boundary value problem with p-Laplacian operator. The main results of this paper are obtained by constructing the monotone iterative sequences of upper and lower solutions and applying the comparison result. Finally, we also provide an illustrative example in support of the existence theorem. Our results generalize some related results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current paper, authors proposed a computational model based on the cubic B-spline method to solve linear 6th order BVPs arising in astrophysics. The prescribed method transforms the boundary problem to a system of linear equations. The algorithm we are going to develop in this paper is not only simply the approximation solution of the 6th order BVPs using cubic B-spline, but it also describes the estimated derivatives of 1st order to 6th order of the analytic solution at the same time. This novel technique has lesser computational cost than numerous other techniques and is second order convergent. To show the efficiency of the proposed method, four numerical examples have been tested. The results are described using error tables and graphs and are compared with the results existing in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the nonlocal fractional differential equation: where $1 < \alpha< 2$ , $0 < \xi< 1$ , $\eta\xi^{\alpha-1}= 1$ , $D^{\alpha}_{0+}$ is the standard Riemann-Liouville derivative, $f:[0,1]\times[0,+\infty)\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is continuous. The existence and uniqueness of positive solutions are obtained by means of the fixed point index theory and iterative technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper aims at investigating Fractional Hamiltonian Equations for a class of fractional optimal control problems with time delay. Furthermore, we introduce a method to solve the resulting two boundary values problem (TBVP) by extending Agrawal's fractional variational method in (Nonlinear Dyn. 38:323-337, 2004) and using Bernstein polynomials (BPs). In this paper we use the Caputo fractional derivative of order α where $0< \alpha<1$ . Some numerical examples are included to demonstrate the validity of the present method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to investigate the boundary value problem of a fractional q-difference equation with ϕ-Laplacian, where ϕ-Laplacian is a generalized p-Laplacian operator. We obtain the existence and nonexistence of positive solutions in terms of different eigenvalue intervals for this problem by means of the Green function and Guo–Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem on cones. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate the use of our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemical graph theory is a field of mathematics that studies ramifications of chemical network interactions. Using the concept of star graphs, several investigators have looked into the solutions to certain boundary value problems. Their choice to utilize star graphs was based on including a common point connected to other nodes. Our aim is to expand the range of the method by incorporating the graph of hexasilinane compound, which has a chemical formula H 12 Si 6 . In this paper, we examine the existence of solutions to fractional boundary value problems on such graphs, where the fractional derivative is in the Caputo sense. Finally, we include an example to support our significant findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose the conditions on which a class of boundary value problems, presented by fractional q-differential equations, is well-posed. First, under the suitable conditions, we will prove the existence and uniqueness of solution by means of the Schauder fixed point theorem. Then, the stability of solution will be discussed under the perturbations of boundary condition, a function existing in the problem, and the fractional order derivative. Examples involving algorithms and illustrated graphs are presented to demonstrate the validity of our theoretical findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the multipoint boundary value problem for a fractional p-Laplacian equation at resonance on infinite interval and establish the existence result of solutions by using extension of Mawhin's continuation theorem. Our paper enriches some known existing articles. In order to illustrate our main result, we give an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we are interested in the eigenvalues and its algebraic multiplicities of a fractional linear boundary value problem with mixed set of Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions. The research results are then applied to consider the sign-changing solutions of the corresponding nonlinear problem by fixed point index and Leray-Schauder degree. To date, no paper has appeared in the literature which discusses sign-changing solutions of fractional boundary value problems. This paper attempts to fill this gap in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we deal with a fractional differential equation of order $\delta_{1}\in(3,4]$ with initial and boundary conditions, $\mathcal{D}^{\delta_{1}}\psi(x)=-\mathcal{H}(x,\psi(x))$, $\mathcal{D}^{\alpha_{1}} \psi(1)=0=\mathcal{I}^{3-\delta_{1}}\psi(0)= \mathcal{I}^{4-\delta_{1}}\psi(0)$, $\psi(1) = \frac{\Gamma(\delta_{1}-\alpha_{1})}{\Gamma(\nu_{1})}\mathcal{I}^{\delta _{1}-\alpha_{1}} \mathcal{H}(x,\psi(x))(1)$, where $x\in[0,1]$, $\alpha_{1} \in(1,2]$, addressing the existence of a positive solution (EPS), where the fractional derivatives $\mathcal{D}^{\delta_{1}}$, $\mathcal{D}^{\alpha_{1}}$ are in the Riemann-Liouville sense of the order $\delta_{1}$, $\alpha_{1}$, respectively. The function $\mathcal{H}\in C([0,1]\times{R} , {R})$ and $\mathcal{I}^{\delta_{1}-\alpha_{1}}\mathcal{H}(x,\psi(x))(1)=\frac {1}{\Gamma(\delta_{1}-\alpha_{1})} \int_{0}^{1}(1-z)^{\delta_{1}-\alpha_{1}-1}\mathcal{H}(z,\psi(z))\,dz$. To this aim, we establish an equivalent integral form of the problem with the help of a Green's function. We also investigate the properties of the Green's function in the paper which we utilize in our main result for the EPS of the problem. Results for the existence of solutions are obtained with the help of some classical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce a new structure of the generalized multi-point thermostat control model motivated by its standard model. By presenting integral solution of this boundary problem, the existence property along with the uniqueness property are investigated by means of a special version of contractions named μ-φ-contractions and the Banach contraction principle. Then, on the given nonlinear generalized BVP of thermostat, the Bernstein polynomials are introduced and numerical solutions obtained by them are presented. At the end, three different structures of nonlinear thermostat models are designed and the results are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we consider a generalized quantum fractional Sturm–Liouville–Langevin difference problem with terminal boundary conditions. The relevant results rely on Mönch's fixed point theorem along with a theoretical method by terms of Kuratowski measure of noncompactness (MNC) and the Banach contraction principle (BCP). Furthermore, two dynamical notions of Ulam–Hyers (UH) and generalized Ulam–Hyers (GUH) stability are addressed for solutions of the supposed Sturm–Liouville–Langevin quantum boundary value problem (q-FBVP). Two examples are presented to show the validity and also the effectiveness of theoretical results. In the last part of the paper, we conclude our exposition with some final remarks and observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider a new coupled system of fractional boundary value problems based on the thermostat control model. With the help of fixed point theory, we investigate the existence criterion of the solution to the given coupled system. This property is proved by using the Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem and its uniqueness is proved via the Banach principle for contractions. Further, the Hyers–Ulam stability of solutions is investigated. Then, we find the approximate solution of the coupled fractional thermostat control system by using a numerical technique called the generalized differential transform method. To show the consistency and validity of our theoretical results, we provide two illustrative examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to investigate the existence, uniqueness, and Ulam–Hyers stability of positive solutions for fractional integro-differential boundary values problem. Uniqueness result is obtained by using the Banach principle. For obtaining two positive solutions, we apply another fixed point criterion due to Avery–Anderson–Henderson on cones by establishing some inequalities. An illustrative example is presented to indicate the validity of the obtained results. The results are new and provide a generalization to some known results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider a nonlinear sequential q-difference equation based on the Caputo fractional quantum derivatives with nonlocal boundary value conditions containing Riemann–Liouville fractional quantum integrals in four points. In this direction, we derive some criteria and conditions of the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a given Caputo fractional q-difference boundary value problem. Some pure techniques based on condensing operators and Sadovskii's measure and the eigenvalue of an operator are employed to prove the main results. Also, the Ulam–Hyers stability and generalized Ulam–Hyers stability are investigated. We examine our results by providing two illustrative examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using the classical fixed point theorem for operators on a cone, in this paper, some results of single and multiple positive solutions to a class of nonlinear first-order periodic boundary value problems of impulsive dynamic equations on time scales are obtained. It is worth noticing that the nonlinearity f and the pulse function in this paper are not positive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a boundary value problem of nonlinear Hadamard fractional differential equations and nonlocal non-conserved boundary conditions in terms of Hadamard integral. Our results are new in the present configuration and are based on some classical ideas of fixed point theory. We present several examples for the illustration of main results. A companion problem has also been studied. The paper concludes with some interesting observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to establish some results on the existence and nonexistence of positive solutions for a type of nonlinear fractional-order two-point boundary value problems. The main tool is a fixed point theorem of the cone expansion and compression of functional type due to Avery et al. Some examples are presented to illustrate the availability of the main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish the existence of positive solutions of a boundary value problem for nonlinear singular third-order q-difference equations D³q u(t) + λa(t)f (u(t)) = 0,t ∈ Iq, u(0) = 0, Dqu(0) = 0, αDqu(1) + βD²qu(1) = 0, by using Krasnoselskii's fixed-point theorem on a cone, where λ is a positive parameter. Finally, we give an example to demonstrate the use of the main result of this paper. The conclusions in this paper essentially extend and improve known results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we apply Morse theory, local linking arguments and the Clark theorem to a study of the multiplicity of nontrivial solutions for a class of impulsive fractional differential equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we discuss the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for a system of fractional differential equations with boundary condition and advanced arguments. The existence result is proved via Leray–Schauder's fixed point theorem type in a vector Banach space. Further, by using a new fixed point theorem in order Banach space, we study the multiplicity of positive solutions. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a numerical scheme based on Haar wavelet for the solutions of higher order linear and nonlinear boundary value problems. In nonlinear cases, quasilinearization has been applied to deal with nonlinearity. Then, through collocation approach computing solutions of boundary value problems reduces to solve a system of linear equations which are computationally easy. The performance of the proposed technique is portrayed on some linear and nonlinear test problems including tenth, twelfth, and thirteen orders. Further convergence of the proposed method is investigated via asymptotic expansion. Moreover, computed results have been matched with the existing results, which shows that our results are comparably better. It is observed from convergence theoretically and verified computationally that by increasing the resolution level the accuracy also increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the existence of solutions for a coupled system of fractional differential equations. The existence is proved by using the topological degree theory, and an example is given to show the applicability of our main result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to consider a fully cantilever beam equation with one end fixed and the other connected to a resilient supporting device, that is, { u (4) (t) = f (t , u (t) , u ′ (t) , u ″ (t) , u ‴ (t)) , t ∈ [ 0 , 1 ] , u (0) = u ′ (0) = 0 , u ″ (1) = 0 , u ‴ (1) = g (u (1)) , where f : [ 0 , 1 ] × R 4 → R , g : R → R are continuous functions. Under the assumption of monotonicity, two existence results for solutions are acquired with the monotone iterative technique and the auxiliary truncated function method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study a class of nonlinear boundary value problems (BVPs) consisting of a more general class of sequential hybrid fractional differential equations (SHFDEs) together with a class of nonlinear boundary conditions at both end points of the domain. The nonlinear functions involved depend explicitly on the fractional derivatives. We study the necessary conditions required for the unique solution to the suggested BVP under the Caratheodory conditions using the technique of measure of noncompactness and degree theory. We also develop conditions for uniqueness results and also on stability analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study boundary value problems for sequential fractional differential equations and inclusions involving Hilfer fractional derivatives, supplemented with Riemann–Stieltjes integral multi-strip boundary conditions. Existence and uniqueness results are obtained in the single-valued case by using the classical Banach and Krasnosel'skiĭ fixed point theorems and the Leray–Schauder nonlinear alternative. In the multi-valued case an existence result is proved by using nonlinear alternative for contractive maps. Examples illustrating our results are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine the consequences of existence, uniqueness and stability of a multi-point boundary value problem defined by a system of coupled fractional differential equations involving Hadamard derivatives. To prove the existence and uniqueness, we use the techniques of fixed point theory. Stability of Hyers-Ulam type is also discussed. Furthermore, we investigate variations of the problem in the context of different boundary conditions. The current results are verified by illustrative examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate a class of nonlocal boundary value problems of nonlinear fractional functional differential coupled systems with state dependent delays. The method of upper and lower solutions is established and some new results for the multiplicity of solutions of the boundary value problem are obtained. An example is also presented to illustrate our main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides two wide classes of contractions, which are obtained by using notions of α s p -admissibility and the rich set of C-class functions in the setting of a complete b-metric-like space under more general contractive conditions. An application is provided and many known results in the literature can be derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the solutions of boundary value problems for second-order p-Laplacian difference equations. By using the critical point theory, the existence and multiple results are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A class of the boundary value problem is investigated in this research work to prove the existence of solutions for the neutral fractional differential inclusions of Katugampola fractional derivative which involves retarded and advanced arguments. New results are obtained in this paper based on the Kuratowski measure of noncompactness for the suggested inclusion neutral system for the first time. On the one hand, this research concerns the set-valued analogue of Mönch fixed point theorem combined with the measure of noncompactness technique in which the right-hand side is convex valued. On the other hand, the nonconvex case is discussed via Covitz and Nadler fixed point theorem. An illustrative example is provided to apply and validate our obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper derives several sufficient conditions for the existence of three solutions to the Dirichlet problem for a second-order self-adjoint difference equation involving p-Laplacian through the critical point theory. Furthermore, by using the strong maximum principle, we prove that the three solutions are positive under appropriate assumptions on the nonlinearity. Finally, we present three examples to confirm our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we firstly establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the operator equation A (x , x) + B (x , x) + C (x) + e = x , where A and B are two mixed monotone operators, C is a decreasing operator, and e ∈ P with θ ≤ e ≤ h . Then, using our abstract theorem, we prove a class of fractional boundary value problems with the derivative term to have a unique solution and construct the corresponding iterative sequences to approximate the unique solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this paper is to present some existence criteria for an infinite system of Hilfer fractional boundary value problems of the form D a + α , β u i = − F i (t , u) , u i (a) = u i (b) = 0 , a < t < b , i = 1 , 2 , ... , in Banach sequence spaces of c 0 and l p , p ≥ 1 types. Our approach is based on the Darbo-type fixed point theorems acting on the condensing operators. The obtained existence results in each of the above sequence spaces are illustrated by presenting some numerical examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates singularly perturbed parabolic partial differential equations with delay in space, and the right end plane is an integral boundary condition on a rectangular domain. A small parameter is multiplied in the higher order derivative, which gives boundary layers, and due to the delay term, one more layer occurs on the rectangle domain. A numerical method comprising the standard finite difference scheme on a rectangular piecewise uniform mesh (Shishkin mesh) of N r × N t elements condensing in the boundary layers is suggested, and it is proved to be parameter-uniform. Also, the order of convergence is proved to be almost two in space variable and almost one in time variable. Numerical examples are proposed to validate the theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors present a strategy based on fixed point iterative methods to solve a nonlinear dynamical problem in a form of Green's function with boundary value problems. First, the authors construct the sequence named Green's normal-S iteration to show that the sequence converges strongly to a fixed point, this sequence was constructed based on the kinetics of the amperometric enzyme problem. Finally, the authors show numerical examples to analyze the solution of that problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of a solution for a class of ψ-Hilfer implicit fractional integro-differential equations with mixed nonlocal conditions. The arguments are based on Banach's, Schaefer's, and Krasnosellskii's fixed point theorems. Further, applying the techniques of nonlinear functional analysis, we establish various kinds of the Ulam stability results for the analyzed problem, that is, the Ulam–Hyers stability, generalized Ulam–Hyers stability, Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stability, and generalized Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stability. Finally, we provide some examples to illustrate the applicability of our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we mainly study a kind of fractional-order multiple point boundary value problem involving noninstantaneous impulse and abstract bounded operator. The existence and uniqueness is obtained by the Banach contraction principle. And by applying direct analysis methods, we establish some conditions of the Ulam–Hyers stability for this problem. Finally, an interesting application example is given to illustrate the validity of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is widely accepted that diffusive dispersal can permit persistence in an advective environment. This paper studies in some sense the optimal diffusion rate of species in a flowing habitat with hostile downstream boundary conditions. Firstly, we study the dependence of the critical length of the habitat on the dispersal rate d. It is shown that the critical length first decreases and then increases and asymptotically tends to infinity. Then there is a unique optimal diffusion rate $d_{0}$ for a single species to evolve. Then, by using this observation, we study the competition system of two species which are the same but only with different dispersal rates. We get an open finite interval, which is a neighborhood of $d_{0}$ , such that, if one of the dispersal rates lies within the interval but the other rate falls outside, then competition exclusion occurs. If the two dispersal rates both lie within the interval, the one with an intermediate dispersal rate can always invade the other with its dispersal rate near the ends of the interval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the existence of mild solutions for a class of fractional impulsive evolution equation with periodic boundary condition and noncompact semigroup. By using some fixed point theorems, the existence theorems of mild solutions are obtained, our results are also more general than some well-known results. Furthermore, as applications that illustrate the abstract results, two examples are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the existence of a reversed S-shaped component in the positive solutions set of the fourth-order boundary value problem where $\lambda>0$ is a parameter, $h\in C[0,1]$ and $f\in C[0,\infty )$ , $f(0)=0$ , $f(s)>0$ for all $s>0$ . By figuring the shape of unbounded continua of solutions, we show the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions with respect to parameter λ, and especially, we obtain the existence of three distinct positive solutions for λ being in a certain interval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to study the solvability of a resonant boundary value problem for the fractional p-Laplacian equation. By using the continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory, we obtain a new result on the existence of solutions for the considered problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solutions to fractional differential equations is an emerging part of current research, since such equations appear in different applied fields. A study of existence, uniqueness, and stability of solutions to a coupled system of fractional differential equations with non-separated boundary conditions is the main target of this paper. The existence and uniqueness results are obtained by employing the Leray–Schauder fixed point theorem and the Banach contraction principle. Additionally, we examine different types of stabilities in the sense of Ulam–Hyers such as Ulam–Hyers stability, generalized Ulam–Hyers stability, Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stability, and generalized Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stability. To prove the effectiveness of our main results, we study a few interesting examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]