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The article reveals little-known scientific data on the traditional risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in relation to social groups of the elderly, old people and centenarians. Some of metabolism associated signs of ageing are considering. In the article some biochemical markers in seniors are evaluated (lipids, fibrinogen, uric acid etc.). Some particularities about atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries in seniors are discovering, as well as relationships between coronary heart disease (CHD) and fatty liver degeneration. One more topic of the article is the lipid spectrum characteristics in senior patients with different types of heart diseases and psychological features and behavioral personality types of the seniors with cardiovascular pathology. Special attention payed on so-called preventive paradox in men older than 60 years with different forms of CHD, when the influence of traditional risk factors is critically decreased, and as important prognostic factors low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, reduced APO-A1, an increasing of APO-B/APO-A1 ratio and low physical activity play a significant role.