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Compared to the traditional anchor cable, the constant resistance and large deformation anchor cable (constant resistance and large deformation anchor cable) has good applications in many fields of geotechnical engineering. Through the indoor static tension test, this study reveals the variation law of constant resistance, axial strain, the outer diameter of the sleeve, and the thermal effect of constant resistance and large deformation anchor cables during static tension. The ANSYS software was used for the first time to establish the nonlinear thermomechanical coupling analysis model of the finite element structure of constant resistance and large deformation anchor cables for the numerical calculation and analysis of static tension mechanical properties of constant resistance anchor cables. The experimental results that the average elongation of this batch of constant resistance anchor cables is 905 mm with an average elongation rate of 45.2% and an average constant resistance of 650 kN prove that constant resistance anchor cables are characterized by good constant resistance and large deformation, which can meet the requirements of deep soft rock roadway support and advanced landslide monitoring. The numerical simulation results show that the elongation of this type of anchor cables is 902 mm with an elongation rate of 45.1% and a constant resistance of 660 kN, which are basically consistent with the experimental results, indicating that numerical simulation is relatively accurate for testing the mechanical property of constant resistance and large deformation anchor cables, and the combination of the indoor test and numerical simulation provides the reference for engineering practice and design optimization of constant resistance and large deformation anchor cables.