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Molecular imprinting is a promising technique for the preparation of polymers with predetermined selectivity and high affinity. Normally, based on the self-assembly of functional monomers and templates (i.e., imprint molecules), the imprinted polymers are produced by crosslinking polymerizations. The templates are subsequently removed from the polymer, leaving behind binding sites complementary to the imprint species in terms of the shape and the position of functional groups. Recognition of the polymer constitutes an induced molecular memory, which makes the binding sites capable of selectively recognizing the imprint species. This article presents a limited review on molecular self-assembly and the uses of these imprinted polymers in separation, sensors, and catalysis. Other aspects including related backgrounds are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]