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The significant changes in the cryosphere have produced a series of effects on the cryospheric hydrological processes. This paper comprehensively reviews the recent 20 years, especially the new progress in the research on the changes in cryospheric hydrological processes in China, which mainly include glacial meltwater, snow melt runoff, and frozen ground hydrology. The main progresses in the study on changes in glacial melt water manifest as: a comprehensive study on glacial meltwater at different scales was carried out, it was found that the glacial meltwater showed continuously increase, and whether the "peak point" of the glacial meltwater have appeared has scientifically identified and some basic understandings has obtained, and the modelling on glacial melt water process had made significant progress. In the study on snowmelt runoff changes, the snowmelt runoff contribution rate to river runoff in various basins were basically grasped by estimating the snowmelt runoff and found that the snowmelt runoff changes in China vary greatly, and it increased in some basins while decreased in some basins. The changes in the start melting period in China are universal with other basins in the world, and the prominent feature is the advance of the peak value. In the study of frozen ground hydrology, the studies on the relationship between surface water, interflow in active layer soil, supra- permafrost water revealed the coupling mechanism of gravity and thermodynamics in the formation of runoff in permafrost regions. The impacts of permafrost change on surface runoff has already appeared, which mainly appears as increase in the winter ( dry season) runoff. It also found that the permafrost degradation has a direct replenishment effect on river runoff, and the amount of recharge may have reached a certain level in some basins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The East Asian summer monsoon brings a large amount of precipitation in East China every year, which is the main source of water resources for China. At the same time, it often causes the severe flooding disasters. The Chinese meteorologists and hydrologists have realized that the moisture transport intensity, the extent and persistence of summer monsoon may play a crucial role in extreme rainstorm processes. This branch of moisture transport belt may be termed as the East Asian summer monsoon moisture transport belt. It can be categorized in the atmospheric river (AR) coined internationally, but it is not a fully same conception, due to its unique regional feature of the East Asian summer monsoon. The monsoon moisture transport belt is a main producer of excessively heavy rainfalls and disastrous floods in this region. Based on the data of the past hundred years, this paper made an update re view of the characteristics and formation reasons of the East Asian summer monsoon moisture transport belt. Taking the five strongest continuous heavy rain processes in the Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River in the past hundred years as examples, the important role of the monsoonal moisture transport belt is analyzed. Finally, it is proposed that climate warming can affect the global water cycle through four aspects, including holding more water vapor in the atmosphere, changes of the atmospheric circulations and radiation forcing with climate warming as well as the regional impact of aerosols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]