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HIV situation in Uganda Uganda, with an estimated population of 35 million people, is a landlocked country that forms part of the East African Union member states. The country is divided into nine political regions (Figure 1), in which there are 112 administrative districts. In order to make the administration and coordination of health services more efficient, the country is further divided into 14 health regions. Uganda is classified as a high burden HIV country with an estimated 1.6 million people living with HIV/AIDS and 140 000 new cases reported annually (Table 1; Figure 1). Being one of only two countries where incidence was on the rise in 2013, HIV remains a major public health problem in Uganda. HIV prevalence varies across the country, being highest in the Central region and near urban centres and lowest in the mid-eastern and West Nile regions.