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Start Over Author "Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM)" Journal agricultural and forest meteorology
3 results on '"Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM)"'

1. Measuring and modelling energy partitioning in canopies of varying complexity using MAESPA model

Author

Yann Nouvellon, Jean-Paul Laclau, Elias de Melo Virginio Filho, Céline Blitz-Frayret, Fabien Charbonnier, Olivier Roupsard, José Luiz Stape, Denis Loustau, Belinda E. Medlyn, Carlos Borgonovo, Rémi Vezy, Alain Rocheteau, Maxime Soma, Mathias Christina, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, Guerric Le Maire, Frederic C. Do, Remko A. Duursma, Delphine Picart, Bruno Rapidel, Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Enseñanza (CATIE), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK), Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Suzano S/A, Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Cafetalera Aquiares, MACACC project ANR-13-AGRO-0005, ANR-10-LABX-0004, ANR-13-AGRO-0005,MACACC,Modélisation pour l'accompagnement des ACteurs, vers l'Adaptation des Couverts pérennes ou agroforestiers aux Changements globaux(2013), and ANR-10-LABX-0004,CeMEB,Mediterranean Center for Environment and Biodiversity(2010)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, Evaporation, Coffea, Agroforesterie, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Agroforestry system, partitioning, Evapotranspiration, Radiative transfer, process, Eucalyptus, Global and Planetary Change, Energy, agroforestry system, Forestry, Plantation forestière, Process-based model, Écosystème forestier, Modèle mathématique, Partitioning, energy, Scale (ratio), F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, evapotranspiration, MAESPA, Forest ecology, Ecosystem, Saisonnalité, Croissance, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Modèle de simulation, 15. Life on land, Évapotranspiration, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 13. Climate action, Énergie, Environmental science, based model, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Agronomy and Crop Science, Surface water, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Evapotranspiration and energy partitioning are complex to estimate because they result from the interaction of many different processes, especially in multi-species and multi-strata ecosystems. We used MAESPA model, a mechanistic, 3D model of coupled radiative transfer, photosynthesis, and balances of energy and water, to simulate the partitioning of energy and evapotranspiration in homogeneous tree plantations, as well as in heterogeneous multi-species, multi-strata agroforests with diverse spatial scales and management schemes. The MAESPA model was modified to add (1) calculation of foliage surface water evaporation at the voxel scale; (2) computation of an average within-canopy air temperature and vapour pressure; and (3) use of (1) and (2) in iterative calculations of soil and leaf temperatures to close ecosystem-level energy balances. We tested MAESPA model simulations on a simple monospecific Eucalyptus stand in Brazil, and also in two complex, heterogeneous Coffea agroforests in Costa Rica. MAESPA satisfactorily simulated the daily and seasonal dynamics of net radiation (RMSE = 29.6 and 28.4 W m−2; R2 = 0.99 and 0.99 for Eucalyptus and Coffea sites respectively) and its partitioning between latent-(RMSE = 68.1 and 37.2 W m−2; R2 = 0.87 and 0.85) and sensible-energy (RMSE = 54.6 and 45.8 W m−2; R2 = 0.57 and 0.88) over a one-year simulation at half-hourly time-step. After validation, we use the modified MAESPA to calculate partitioning of evapotranspiration and energy between plants and soil in the above-mentioned agro-ecosystems. In the Eucalyptus plantation, 95% of the outgoing energy was emitted as latent-heat, while the Coffea agroforestry system’s partitioning between sensible and latent-heat fluxes was roughly equal. We conclude that MAESPA process-based model has an appropriate balance of detail, accuracy, and computational speed to be applicable to simple or complex forest ecosystems and at different scales for energy and evapotranspiration partitioning.

Published
2018

2. Dynamics of interspecific water relationship in vertical and horizontal dimensions under a dryland apple-Brassica intercropping system: Quantifying by experiments and the 3D Hi-sAFe model

Author

Jian-Li Yang, Xining Zhao, Xiaodong Gao, Marie Gosme, Christian Dupraz, Gaopeng Huo, Northwest A and F University, Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agrosystèmes Biodiversifiés (UMR ABSys), College of Agronomy [Shaanxi], and This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41771316), Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (2021JC-19), CAS `Youth Scholar of West China' Program (XAB2018A04), the Cyrus Tang Foundation and the '111' Project (B12007).

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Water uptake, Atmospheric Science, Two-dimension, Absorption of water, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Growing season, Apple tree, 01 natural sciences, Roots distribution, Agroforestry, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, biology, Forestry, Intercropping, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Interspecific competition, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Agronomy, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, 3D Hi-sAFe model, Soil moisture, Monoculture, Agronomy and Crop Science, Water use, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Separation of water absorption by roots between trees and crops is critical to intercropping in water-limited regions. The current knowledge about interspecific water relationship is in one dimension, i.e., the vertical direction, little is known in both vertical and horizontal directions under different rainfall conditions. Therefore, an experiment was carried out in an apple tree based intercropping system and an apple tree monoculture on China's Loess Plateau during one growing season which started with a high rainfall period followed by a low rainfall period. We investigated the spatial distribution of soil water and plant root, and simulated their water use strategies using the 3D Hi-sAFe model. The root growth of apple trees in the top 60 cm was restricted by intercropping in the cropped area but increased in the top 40 cm in the uncropped area compared with monoculture. In the high rainfall period, compared with the control, the apple trees' water absorption from the uncropped area (0-60 cm) increased by 44.43%, but the water utilization from the cropped area (0-60 cm) decreased by 32.59%. More than 90% of the soil water absorbed by B. napus came from the 0-60 cm soil layer in the cropped area. During the low rainfall period, intercropping promoted an increase of 14.79% in apple trees' water absorption from the 60-100 cm soil layer in the cropped area. The soil water in the 20-60 cm layer became the main source for B. napus and its contribution was 63.51%, but only 20.56% of the water absorbed by apple trees came from here. It can be concluded that, to alleviate water competition, water absorption between species was segregated horizontally during the wet period due to the roots "niche differentiation", while water use complementarity occurred along the vertical axis during the dry period.

Published
2021

3. Microclimate under agrivoltaic systems: Is crop growth rate affected in the partial shade of solar panels?

Author

Hélène Marrou, Lydie Dufour, Christian Dupraz, Jacques Wery, Lydie Guilioni, Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), SunR, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Sun'R society, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, système agrivoltaic, Atmospheric Science, Stomatal conductance, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 020209 energy, STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE, WHEAT, Microclimate, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, panneau solaire photo-voltaïque, 01 natural sciences, Agrivoltaic, Crop, paramètre climatique, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Cropping system, TEMPERATURE, DIFFUSE, Transpiration, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, Cucumber, RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, fungi, food and beverages, Humidity, Sowing, Forestry, Lettuce, culture vivriere, 15. Life on land, INTERCEPTION, food crop, CLIMATE, MODEL, LIGHT, température de l'air, Agronomy, Environmental science, Dew, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Agrivoltaic systems are mixed systems that associate, on the same land area at the same time, food crops and solar photovoltaic panels (PVPs). The aim of the present study is to assess whether the growth rate of crops is affected in the specific shade of PVPs. Changes in air, ground and crop temperature can be suspected due to the reduction of incident radiation below the photovoltaic shelter. Soil temperature (5 cm and 25 cm depth), air temperature and humidity, wind speed as well as incident radiations were recorded at hourly time steps in the full sun treatment and in two agrivoltaic systems with different densities of PVPs during three weather seasons (winter, spring and summer). In addition, crop temperatures were monitored on short cycle crops (lettuce and cucumber) and a long cycle crop (durum wheat). The number of leaves was also assessed periodically on the vegetable crops. Mean daily air temperature and humidity were similar in the full sun treatments and in the shaded situations, whatever the climatic season. On the contrary, mean daily soil temperature significantly decreased below the PVPs compared to the full sun treatment. The hourly pattern of crop temperature during daytime (24 h) was affected in the shade. In this experiment, the ratio between crop temperature and incident radiation was higher below the PVPs in the morning. This could be due to a reduction of sensible heat losses by the plants (absence of dew deposit in the early morning or reduced transpiration) in the shade compared to the full sun treatment. However, mean daily crop temperature was found not to change significantly in the shade and the growth rate was similar in all the treatments. Significant differences in the leaf emission rate were measured only during the juvenile phase (three weeks after planting) in lettuces and cucumbers and could result from changes in soil temperature. As a conclusion, this study suggests that little adaptations in cropping practices should be required to switch from an open cropping to an agrivoltaic cropping system and attention should mostly be focused on mitigating light reduction and on selection of plants with a maximal radiation use efficiency in these conditions of fluctuating shade. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2013

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