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Consumer preferences and attitudes toward genetically modified (GM) food have been widely studied, yet there is little research on the aspects of farmers and risk amplification. Based on both a field survey and an experiment conducted in villages in China's eastern provinces of Shandong, Shanxi and Henan in 2021, we explore the impact of producers' risk amplification and risk preferences on the acceptance of transgenic technology. Results show that only 37.3% of participants from the whole sample did not amplify the risk associated with GM products. In terms of regions, the percentages of participants in Henan, Shanxi and Shandong who amplified the risk associated with GM products were 65.3%, 62.4% and 60%, respectively. Moreover, the results of the economic experiment on risk preference indicate that over two-thirds of farmers proved to be risk-averse. Finally, full sample estimation results using ordered logit and Poisson models showed that risk amplification, relative risk aversion and risk perception all have negative impacts on producers' response to GM plant seeds, including participants' acceptance intention, purchasing intention and recommendation intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Grain-to-Fodder Crop Conversion Program (GCCP) in China mainly promotes the green and sustainable development of grain crops, economic crops, and silage crops by subsidizing livestock farms to encourage farmers to plant silage crops, such as corn silage and alfalfa silage. In this context, this study assesses the impact of planting silage crops on farm household income. Based on a survey of 495 households in Henan and Hebei Provinces, China, we first constructed a theoretical model of the program's effect on farmers' income, and then used an ordinary least squares (OLS) method to estimate the magnitude of the GCCP on farmers' income. To identify endogeneity and further test the stability of the results, we adopted instrumental variable estimation, subsample estimation, and matching methods. The GCCP significantly increased smallholder farm income. Compared with growing corn grain, corn silage increased income by approximately CNY 101/mu. Meanwhile, corn silage reduced the capital input cost of farmers by 10.71% per mu and labor input by 26.6% per mu. Heterogeneity analysis revealed that farmers who plant corn silage on a large scale, closer to dairy farms, have higher incomes. Few scholars have empirically analyzed the impact of GCCP on farm household income from a micro-farm household perspective. This study enriches the empirical literature on the effects of the GCCP on farmers in China, which can help policymakers understand policy implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]