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Avocado is one of the most commercialized and profitable fruits in the international market. Its cultivation and production are centered in countries characterized by tropical and subtropical climatic conditions, many of them with emerging economies. Moreover, the use of technology is key to agricultural production improvement strategies. Using avocado crop data to forecast the potential impacts of biotic and abiotic factors, combined with smart farming technologies, growers can apply measures during a single production phase to reduce the risks caused by pests and weather variations. Therefore, this paper aims to distinguish the most relevant variables related to agroclimatic and phytosanitary events in avocado crops, their incidence on production and risk management, as well as the emerging technologies used for the identification and analysis of pests and diseases in avocados. A scientific literature search was performed, and the first search found 608 studies, and once the screening process was applied, 37 papers were included in this review. In the results, three research questions were answered that described the pests and diseases with high impact on avocado production, along with the data sources and the principal enabling technologies used in the identification of agroclimatic and phytosanitary events in avocados. Some challenges and trends in the parameterization of the technology in field conditions for data collection are also highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global agricultural production is facing unprecedented challenges as the environment becomes increasingly polluted. Governments, scientists, companies and farmers are beginning to focus on appropriate environmental remediation and sustainable agricultural technologies and practices. Innovative environmental adaptation/remediation technologies have been developed and validated, including physical/chemical remediation, green sorbents and bioremediation. The development of environmental remediation technologies has provided additional tools and methods for global agri-environment and food security. The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together 21 cutting-edge research papers covering the latest developments in soil conditions, inorganic pollution, organic pollution, remediation technologies and monitoring methods. The four themes of the Special Issue are "Improvement of agricultural soil properties", "Remediation of potentially toxic element pollution", "Remediation of organic pollution" and "Ecosystem and crop assessment". Based on the results of this Special Issue, we find that combining the latest environmental pollution problems with advanced remediation technologies, continuously promoting technological innovation and policy support, and developing integrated new technologies for environmental protection will be future areas of research for sustainable agro-environmental development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unmanned farms employ a variety of sensors, automated systems, and data analysis techniques to enable fully automated and intelligent management. This not only heightens agricultural production efficiency but also reduces the costs associated with human resources. As integral components of unmanned farms' automation systems, agricultural UAVs have been widely adopted across various operational stages due to their precision, high efficiency, environmental sustainability, and simplicity of operation. However, present-day technological advancement levels and relevant policy regulations pose significant restrictions on UAVs in terms of payload and endurance, leading to diminished task efficiency when a single UAV is deployed over large areas. Accordingly, this paper aggregates and analyzes research pertaining to UAV swarms from databases such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, IEEE Xplorer, and Wiley over the past decade. An initial overview presents the current control methods for UAV swarms, incorporating a summary and analysis of the features, merits, and drawbacks of diverse control techniques. Subsequently, drawing from the four main stages of agricultural production (cultivation, planting, management, and harvesting), we evaluate the application of UAV swarms in each stage and provide an overview of the most advanced UAV swarm technologies utilized therein. Finally, we scrutinize and analyze the challenges and concerns associated with UAV swarm applications on unmanned farms and provide forward-looking insights into the future developmental trajectory of UAV swarm technology in unmanned farming, with the objective of bolstering swarm performance, scalability, and adoption rates in such settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth of the Indonesian population has led to an increase in the demand for rice, which the country has yet to satisfy. Indonesia needs a comprehensive strategy that integrates meaningful efforts to increase its agricultural production. This study aims to review the examined trends in rice yield in Indonesia for 70 years after Indonesia's independence (1945–2016) followed by the identification of the application technology and factors that contribute to increasing rice yields to forecast sustainable food security scenarios up to 2030. This article reviews the results of research on rice production technology in Indonesia from 1945 to 2016, and the outlook for 2030. This paper examines the main points of the Indonesian transformation of rice technology: improvement of rice varieties, integrated crop management, innovations in agricultural machinery, and the Integrated Cropping Calendar Information System (ICCIS). We found that transformation has helped Indonesia increased its rice yields from 3 t ha−1 prior to 1961 to 4.6 t ha−1 in 1985, stagnated in 1990, and increased again in 2017 to 5.46 t ha−1. The increase in yield was sustained by an increase in the harvested area owing to cropping index (CI) innovation. Food security and sustainable development remain the primary goals of Indonesia's agricultural sector. The application of appropriate technologies and institutional innovations can assist Indonesia in achieving its food security. Therefore, the transformation of technological innovations will continue to be an essential driver of future agricultural growth, including greater use of crop varieties, machinery, and land/institutional reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]