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Paper waste production in DKI Jakarta according to data from The Jakarta's Environmental Services reaches an average of 40% of total waste production per month for each municipality (kotamadya). On the other hand, Indonesia's necessity of construction development, notably residential home, is increasing constantly along with the amount of Indonesia's population. This condition stimulates innovation of eco-friendly, inexpensive building material with suitable strength. Since 1990's, papercrete, concrete with waste paper as substitution of fine and/ or coarse aggregate, has been studied. Its use for structural materials has evolved and required supporting research for application on larger structural components. In this research, homogeneity aspect of papercrete from domestic waste (office) is investigated along a certain height of vertical beam. To do so, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) propagation measurement on 5 vertical prismatic beam specimens was conducted. By using direct mode transmission, two transducerswere used through 15 cm of width. Rate of propagation can detect the density of concrete at each level since early age of concrete (2 hour after casting). It describes the distribution of material inside. This homogeneity study is beneficial in evaluating papercrete application in real beam structure in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to Indonesia's National Guidelines on Green Buildings (Kemen PUPR No,21,2021) called Penilaian Kinerja Bangunan Gedung Hijau (BGH), green buildings are mandatory for new and existing buildings. As environmental concerns grow, the Government uses these ratings to control energy consumption. A government initiative aims to increase demand for environmentally friendly buildings. This paper evaluates BGH's green building rating system for project certification in two Indonesian cities, Jakarta and Padang Paser Utara. Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia, the largest and one of the most populous urban city in Indonesia. Moreover, the new Indonesia capital city, Nusantara, will be built in Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan. Using the results of this research, recommendations and suggestions can be given related to the design of green buildings both in Jakarta and Penajam Paser Utara. Evaluations will be conducted on simple residential buildings. The results of these studies indicate that designers and architects may have difficulty incorporating this rating systems into their designs. An evaluation of BGH ratings and sustainability analysis can be performed with building information modeling and a conceptual framework is presented toward the end of this paper. A rating system's success depends heavily on discussion among all stakeholders, including architects, engineers, environmentalists, governments, and communities. Indonesian experts in the building sector should take part in and contribute to this project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On data that are not normally distributed, classical linear regression is developed into the Generalized Linear Model (GLM). One of them is logistic regression which is used for binary discrete data. A different strategy is to consider all variables (response and predictors) to be random observations from the joint probability distribution. A model with dependencies should be used because some factors are dependent. The copula model, one of which is the Gaussian copula, is a popular technique for creating multivariate models with dependencies. The Gaussian copula regression model (GCMR) is a general structure that can be used to model any form of dependent response. The Gaussian copula blends the ease of interpretation of marginal modeling with the flexibility of the dependency structure specification. In this case, the estimated parameter is the regression coefficient and the error is expressed in the dependency structure. The model estimation uses the maximum likelihood method. This paper aims to apply the GCMR model to time series data where the dependent variable is discrete with a binomial distribution. A case study was conducted to see the effect of weather factors on Covid cases in DKI Jakarta. The regression model used is binomial data logistic regression with the dependency structure expressed in the correlation matrix with the assumption that the error is obtained from the ARMA(p,q) process. The dependent variable is the number of Covid-19 cases and the independent variable is the maximum temperature, average temperature and humidity. The data are a daily time series with a range of March 1, 2020 to April 30, 2022. Based on the GCMR model, Maximum temperature, average temperature and Humidity have a significant influence on the number of Covid-19 cases in Jakarta. For this case study, the results show that the GCMR model is better than logistic regression analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the development of a blended-based sustainable training model. The blended learning model is used to overcome participants' limited time constraints in ongoing training to increase the competency of tourism village community empowerment facilitators. The research method used is development research. The research subjects were community empowerment facilitators in tourist villages, DKI Jakarta, and West Java. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and literature review. Data analysis in this research was carried out using qualitative descriptions. The study results show that conceptually implementing a blended learning-based continuous training model increases facilitators' competence in empowering the Tourism Village community through the stages of input, process, and output analysis. In the input component, the training manager maps the competency of the facilitator's objective conditions; the training process component uses an andragogy approach where participants have self-concept practical experience and can overcome the problems they face; and the output component produces tourism village facilitators who master three competency elements, namely basic, core and special. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze students' chemical literacy through implementing an Ethical Dilemma-STEAM teaching model in chemistry acid and base lessons. The model is designed to engage students in values-based learning through dilemma stories that pose environmental problems to be solved through the development of an interdisciplinary project. The study involved 40 grade 11 students from a high school in Jakarta, Indonesia, during the 2021/2022 academic year. A qualitative research method was employed to investigate students' learning experiences through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, reflective journals, and a chemical literacy test. The model engaged students through five steps of learning: value reflection, problem-solving and decision-making, content integration, STEAM integration, and transformation. In this study students were challenged to develop a jet-powered boat as a solution to an inter-island mobility dilemma. The study found that the Ethical Dilemma-STEAM teaching model supported students' chemical literacy development. The study demonstrated that students were encouraged to think critically by applying their conceptual understanding to practice. They were motivated to look closely at chemistry issues in everyday life, an indication that this model could be used as an alternative way to engage students to see the relevance of chemistry concepts and their application to the local environment. The paper also addresses the difficulties researchers faced in implementing an innovative approach to chemistry education during multiple COVID-19 outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental crisis is a big problem that challenges human life today and in the future in line with the industrial era 4.0. The environmental crisis is a concern for all parties, including those involved in the religious field, especially in the current industrial 4.0 era. Various efforts continue to be made to preserve the environment in various ways and different approaches. The perspectives of religions on the environment can be a source of inspiration and solutions for efforts to build awareness of the Indonesian people to care about the environment. Online interviews were conducted on figures who understand their respective religions well who live in Jakarta, Bandung, Malang and Denpasar City, Bali. This paper finds the environmental perspective of religions from the interviewees as an epistemological framework for positive-constructive efforts to overcome the current environmental crisis. To foster environmental awareness in line with industry 4.0, it is necessary to create a digital technology platform in the form of a virtual tour that contains knowledge and educational content on environmental care as a means of socializing values for the people of Indonesia. The virtual tour is expected to be an educational instrument that can change the mindset, empathy, attitude, and action patterns of Indonesian people to care about the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are three important elements that need to be harmonized so that the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's) can be achieved, namely economic growth (economic growth), social inclusion (social inclusion), and environmental protection (environmental protection). The Environmental Performance Index (EPI) 2020 places 180 countries on environmental health and ecosystem vitality, Indonesia ranked 116th. The indicators provide environmental policy targets, environmental performance and provide practical guidance for countries aspiring to move towards the sustainable future. Environmentally sound development is also supported by the government at the policy level in the form of Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21 of 2021 concerning the Assessment of Green Buildings. Through this regulation, the government wants to encourage the realization of the implementation of sustainable buildings that are characterized by efficient use of resources and their contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions). The target is to reduce GHG emissions based on DKI Jakarta Governor Regulation No. 131 of 2012, namely from non-provincial buildings of 1.5 million tons of CO2 emissions in 2020 and 5.5 million tons of CO2 emissions in 2030. While the target of the provincial government building itself in 2020 is 49.4 thousand tons of CO2 emissions and in 2030 of 129.5 thousand tons of CO2 emissions. This paper is intended to evaluate the application of Green Retrofitting in Existing Office High-rise Buildings, and proposed alternative ways in order to improve efficiency and effectiveness of Green Retrofit in Existing Office High-rise Buildings development and financing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high-speed train is a form of transportation that connects between distant places, in this case, town to town of Jakarta and Bandung. Travel time using this means of transportation decreases since there will be no congestion as it uses dedicated railways along its travel route. During its journey, it will encounter many tunnels like the Walini tunnel. Many aerodynamic phenomena will occur and affect the train while entering, inside, and exiting the tunnel. These events will affect the whole-body surface of the train, the tunnel, and the nearby environment. The focus of the analysis of the effects is on the train's nose, influenced by the velocity and pressure that the train produces. Pressure and velocity inside the tunnel can be related to the piston effect. The pressure difference that the high-speed train brings from the outside environment into the tunnel at high speed is affected. Pressure is built up in front of the train, especially at the nose of the train. Due to its micro-pressure breakage that needs to travel to the rear part of the train to stabilize the aerodynamic condition before it becomes stable when 2-3 lengths of the train have exited the tunnel. In this paper, we will analyze the train nose shape's difference in affecting the piston effect inside the tunnel. The parameter used is when the entire train has entered the tunnel and is about to leave since the effect can be clearly seen at this particular time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To get the OTTV value, you must first calculate the solar radiation value. Solar radiation occurs as a result of the sun's heat being exposed to the surface of the building and then goes inside so that the air temperature inside the building gets hotter. The solar factor is one of the elements of solar radiation which is important in determining the overall thermal transfer value for each outer area of a building. The availability of solar factor data in one place is very important to use for building design purposes. Calculating the solar factor is very difficult, moreover, SNI only contains data for the city of Jakarta. There are several ways to calculate the solar factor, with available SNI tables or by laboratory experiments or direct measurements of sunlight. So to make it easier for the designer, we propose to use the rule of thumb formula. The method used is based on local solar factor data, then a radian angle is made from 0 ° -360 °, which results in an ellipse shape in an equation. This paper concludes that the Rule of thumb formula is very helpful for architects in calculating the SF value and can also complete the table in SNI: 2011, which only contains the SF value for the city of Jakarta, meaning that it only applies in Jakarta, so similar research is needed to get the SF value for other cities in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most small shoe industry are still using traditional machineries to conduct their day-to-day operations. However, there is an increasing need to improve its production line in the hopes of meeting the demand and improving the quality of the product at the same time. By doing so, competing with the other competitors around Jakarta in the long run will be possible. Therefore the 200 cm x 39 cm x 45.5 cm conveyor belt is designed to sort shoebox according to its color. When the system figures out the color of the box, then it will automatically count the number of the box with that particular color. Hence, this paper concludes that it can conduct automated color sorting and also calculating the number of shoebox that went throught the conveyor belt, while being able to see the updates remotely through a smartphone application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to present how native Jakartans, or Betawis, are transforming their traditional livelihoods in the wake of four decades of urbanization. Specifically, this paper looks at the Rawabelong neighborhood known as a location to buy decorative plants, flowers, orchids, and plant-related accessories for decades. This primary research, including historical analysis and timeline mapping, site visits and analysis, and interviews with the local Betawi populations, was conducted as part of Tarumanagara University's Urban Lab in the Department of Real Estate and Urban Planning. The findings reveal both a loss of traditional livelihoods and neighborhood character due to urbanization, as well as the existence of resilient pockets of Betawis who have not only continued their traditional livelihoods but also used creative means to evolve their business along with the process of urbanization. We learn from the investigation that there persists a large demand for these small businesses, that the continuation of these businesses and activities are essential to the distinct character of Jakarta urban culture, and that the physical spaces resulting from these activities are unique and holistic in an increasingly acrid urban environment. By presenting these results, the Urban Lab team aims to bring recognition to the importance of such areas to the fabric and culture of Jakarta, as well as initiate discussions amongst stakeholders on how to maintain and enhance the livelihoods and physical spaces such as those present in Rawabelong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the researcher analyzes the architecture of cultural heritage temples with a common thread with Chinese culture. The paper's objective was to explore the element of this heritage and historic temple building in the eighteenth century that stands a sustainability architecture for decades, including the interior layout based on Chinese character and the temple's architectural ornament. In order to preserve this temple so that it remains unique, renovations were carried out while adhering to the original architectural form of the Chinese character. This paper was to show the society about the architecture of the temple that had been preserved from time to time according to its original form that supports the character of Chinese culture in Jakarta. This research used observation and literature study to support pictures and data from the temple. Literature related to Chinese architecture had been reviewed to provide sufficient data for discussion about the elements of this Chinese temple. This paper shows that the temple still maintains the character of Chinese architecture form as when it was first founded and considered a form of preservation of the historic building. This study not only will give a good impact on society to recognize this temple but also be known as a sustainable architecture in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jakarta is one of the world's cities with unhealthy air quality, even during a pandemic. Unhealthy air quality is caused by air pollution from various activities, including industry, transportation, offices, and housing. Unhealthy air quality can cause many problems such as health problems, decreased productivity, financial losses, family economic problems, and social problems. The public can obtain many benefits by knowing the daily air quality prediction. Among them is that they can make preparations to protect themselves when the air quality is unhealthy. This paper aims to predict monthly air quality categories based on five indicators, namely Particulate Matter 10 µg (PM10), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Ozone (O3), and Carbon Monoxide (C.O.) using quadratic discriminant analysis. The model validation performance shows that discriminant analysis can predict the daily air quality category in Jakarta well. Performance measures the accuracy of 93.84%, the specificity of 96.80 %, the sensitivity of 90.41 %, the F1 score of 90.41 %, and the precision of 90.41 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over decades, urban roads in Jakarta have been suffering from flooding due to excessive surface runoff. A majority of existing urban road pavement installation in Jakarta has been utilizing the conventional pavement type. A typical conventional pavement is ineffective in reducing the surface runoff volume, particularly during high precipitation events. All stormwater has to flow onto the drainage with extreme discharge. As a consequence, the urban roads are full of puddles of various heights and lengths of time. To reflect on this issue, the authors conducted a review paper, to sum up, the extensive but dispersed literature on commonly permeable pavements. This study reviewed porous asphalt, pervious concrete, and interlocking concrete pavers. In addition, four crucial points are highlighted as consideration: (1) the structural capability, (2) permeability, (3) water quality and (4) economic risk. This research review concluded that permeable pavement is more effective in reducing flooding compared to conventional pavement. Among those three pavement types, porous asphalt pavement is the most possible to be implemented for urban roads in Jakarta, especially for light traffic. Since this pavement meets the Indonesian national standard requirements for structural capability and has less economic risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports an innovative approach in secondary schools in Jakarta that employed ethical dilemma story pedagogy (EDSP) in an integrated Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) project designed to engage chemistry students in ethical values learning. The study investigated how students explored their own values by attempting to resolve ethical dilemmas about environmental problems in an Indonesia context. Ethical dilemmas comprised everyday socio-scientific issues related to chemistry concepts in the high school curriculum, including pros and cons of using artificial fertilizers and disposal of used cooking oil. This qualitative research was conducted in the chemistry classes of two high school teachers. The research employed multiple data collection methods of semi-structured interviews, reflective journals, and classroom observations. The results illustrate students' successful engagement in chemistry learning, critical thinking skills, chemical literacy, ethical values, awareness of environmental problems, and envisioning of education for sustainability. The results also illustrate (i) students' enhanced awareness of their values and their agency in practicing environmental sustainability and (ii) teachers' realization that they can empower students in education for sustainability through ethical dilemma story pedagogy. The study is significant in revealing that education can play an important role in empowering the young generation in education for sustainability through an ethical values approach to their learning. The paper also addresses challenges faced by the researchers in designing chemistry-based ethical dilemma stories, integrating them into a STEAM project, empowering students, and managing time resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bird markets remain part of Jakarta's cultural interests in the midst of Jakarta's development path to modernization. It brings us to a time-space imagination where birds were owned and traded to resemble the social status of a person, especially in Javanese traditions. It also, therefore, marks the migration period of Javanese to Jakarta who still retains their tradition and culture in the capital city. Today, several markets even persist in the contestation between the process of space acquisition for bird enthusiasts, the formal grids and regulation of urban development, also endemic animals, and environmental conservation. Although contested, it is suggested that the bird market reflects what Foucault implied about heterotopia. The bird market represents a liminal space of the ideal romantic-traditional society which in reality does not 'fit' under the hegemonic urban construct - yet it constructs the way we relate to urban life today. This article seeks through the possibility of exploring 'this otherness' the re-positioning of the traditional market in Jakarta today and how it constructs and is re-constructed by the dominant discourse of the city. It is also argued that this memory of a time that the bird market retains cannot be detached from the social networks of bird enthusiasts who are engaged not only in economic activities of selling, buying, or biding but also in chirping contests. Not only the social value, but the bird market also depicts a political-economic logic between traders, contests organizer, competition jury, and the market as to control - boost or suppress the price of birds and promote particular kinds of birds to be included in the competition which often leads to further exploitation of bird in the natural reserve. This paper concludes on how this nexus of the social, political, cultural, and environmental context of the existence of the bird market shapes and re-shapes the city today and how each actor related to it reflects on the transformation and potential of the bird market in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pasar Ikan Modern (PIM) Muara Baru is the first fish market built by the government as an icon of the clean fish market and fulfil sanitation standards in Indonesia. Some goals built this fish market are to increase fish consumption in the Jakarta area and change people's view of the dirty traditional fish market. Building conditions that meet the sanitary standard can prevent disease and guarantee the quality of the fish sold. A clean fish market environment and the application of good sanitation are the main important ways to keep environmental sanitation. This paper aims to identify the environmental sanitation based on SSOP (Standard Sanitation Operating Procedure) in PIM Muara Baru. This research uses the quantitative method. Data was obtained from the observation approach and survey on 30 respondents, all of whomare fish sellers. These results show that PIM Muara Baru has not fulfilled all the procedures in SSOP. From 24 proceduresin SSOP, 13 procedures (54%) were appropriate, and 11 procedures (46%) were inappropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The textbook has been used as the main reference in most Indonesian schools. As the main reference, it has become an important source of knowledge and a tool that allows learners to acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values of other cultures. Since textbooks are used with students as the center of learning, those can help support the objective of attaining sustainable quality education as it is portrayed by the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). This paper elucidates the use of a global coursebook for local students in one national school in Jakarta, Indonesia, and how culturally relevant the coursebook is for local students. It is self-study research conducted by the first author, who reflected on and analyzed her intern teaching experience when using a global coursebook for a class of fourth-grade students. Having analyzed the textbook and the first author's reflection in using the textbook, we (the first and second authors) found that the global textbook lacks cultural relevancy and portrayal of local culture. Considering these findings, we suggest educational institutions as well as the government consider the book selection and development as important components to the educational system that is sustainable, equitable, accessible, and culturally relevant for all Indonesian children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twitter data provide rich and powerful information to leverage the dynamics of public perception to establish situational awareness and disaster mitigation strategies during critical times. In this paper, we perform topic modeling via Latent Dirichlet Allocation to extract topics from a collection of tweets related to Indonesia flood events in February 2021 with the query: "banjir". The extracted topics are used as one of the features to build a generalized linear count time series model with Negative Binomial distribution. We find seven major topics from the model in which tweets containing a topic about the government's role in handling the situation dominate the conversation. Taking into account a simple intervention analysis, we demonstrate a statistically significant change in the users' behavior before and after the severe Jakarta flood on 20 February 2021. Moreover, a metric evaluation demonstrates that a covariate that describes the turning point of the Jakarta flood event is convenient to build a more accurate count time series model of the tweets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19's rapidly spread in Indonesia is a serious concern for government. Various government policies, such as large-scale social restrictions, which is called as PSBB, and the imposing restrictions on community activities, be called as PPKM, have been applied to slow the spread of COVID-19. These policies were supposed to control people activities in many areas, especially that will invite the crowd happening. In this paper, the control charts be explored to obtain the overview of the daily new COVID-19 cases number, which is considered as a production process. The proportion of positive COVID-19 cases be observed and monitored using P-control chart. The data used is from the specimen COVID-19 test in DKI Jakarta Province, since April 2020 to January 2021. It is obtained that the process of daily new COVID-19 cases number has not been statistically controlled. It is detected some mean shifts of proportion in some point of times. Several findings indicate an upward trend, suggesting that the proportion of positive cases COVID-19 is rising. The public's conduct in Jakarta has served as a model for the government in designing policies to tackle the spread of Covid-19. However, due to the high mobility of Jakarta residents and its lack of consistency in the region, the COVID-19 process still remained out of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of public space in Jakarta called child-friendly integrated public space, is managed by the government is expected to meet the needs of all children to grow and develop their skills. They should get the same opportunity to use the space and facilities in child-friendly integrated public space. Generally, public space is known as space which can accommodate all community activities. But as we know, disabled children are rarely found in the child-friendly integrated public space. The objectives of this paper are to examine the physical condition of Bhinneka child-friendly integrated public space as spatial needs in accommodating the disabled children to do their activities. The methods used in this paper are observation and analysis of the child-friendly integrated public space (RPTRA) in South Jakarta related to its access and safety. Hopefully, it could help to create better criteria of child-friendly integrated public space design in supporting disabled children to do their activities comfortably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass rapid transit in Jakarta has created rampant sprawl in the surrounding areas of development. In certain areas, intense planning ensures the well-being of the inhabitants by referring to development principles laid out to accommodate communities with high levels of transit. The act of transit is required to fulfill one's physical or mental needs when remaining in a specific area prevents that from being accomplished. The principles referred to are walkability and intelligibility which give way to an ideal area development, whereas, areas that develop spontaneously without proper planning frequently become kampungs (urban slums). Kampungs are common around unplanned transit areas because of the need to commute daily by the working class. Unplanned communities encourage certain lifestyles, such as living near transit stations (walkability) and developing a perception of their surroundings (intelligibility). This paper will observe Kampung Muka in North Jakarta and determine if the principles of Transit-Oriented Development (hereinafter, TOD) are applicable to this area. The case study was chosen because of its proximity to major sites in Jakarta, such as Kota Tua, Jakarta Kota Station and Kampung Bandan Station. In this paper, our observations will analyze whether Kampung Muka applies TOD principles daily. To observe the applications of these principles, methods used include literature and morphological studies of the development, circulation and access, and intelligibility of locals towards the kampung. From these observations, we conclude the incorporation of TOD principles in the daily lives of Kampung Muka's residents would create an assimilation process aligning their core values with these respective principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reclamation projects in Jakarta are believed to have an impacts on the ecosystems in the surrounding area. Some of the potential changes are pattern of current, increasing the flow velocity and reduction of salinity in the river mouth. In this paper, hydrodynamic model is used to evaluate this statement. By preparing two scenarios represent the condition before and after the island were built, we can evaluate the differences in hydrodynamic condition in the area and study it's effect to the mangroves live parameters. In this paper the hydrodynamic modelling has showed that there is no significant changes on water level, flow and salinity in the area that may harm the mangrove population. In addition to that earlier in the research some literatures have been discussed about many factors that infact responsible for mangrove disappearance that were presence long way before the islands are constructed. DELFT 3D program is used to modeled the hydrodynamic condition in the area. Natural aspects suchastidal, wind and river discharges are considered as input in the model to simulate the existing hydrodynamic condition. Later on in the model, artificial island is introduced as a solid land giving additional barrier to the flow which expected results in changes in flow direction and velocity. These changes are expected to influence a nutrient supply that can influence the mangrove's growth [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of public space in Jakarta called child-friendly integrated public space, is managed by the government is expected to meet the needs of all children to grow and develop their skills. They should get the same opportunity to use the space and facilities in child-friendly integrated public space. Generally, public space is known as space which can accommodate all community activities. But as we know, disabled children are rarely found in the childfriendly integrated public space. The objectives of this paper are to examine the physical condition of Bhinneka childfriendly integrated public space as spatial needs in accommodating the disabled children to do their activities. The methods used in this paper are observation and analysis of the child-friendly integrated public space (RPTRA) in South Jakarta related to its access and safety. Hopefully, it could help to create better criteria of child-friendly integrated public space design in supporting disabled children to do their activities comfortably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass rapid transit in Jakarta has created rampant sprawl in the surrounding areas of development. In certain areas, intense planning ensures the well-being of the inhabitants by referring to development principles laid out to accommodate communities with high levels of transit. The act of transit is required to fulfill one’s physical or mental needs when remaining in a specific area prevents that from being accomplished. The principles referred to are walkability and intelligibility which give way to an ideal area development, whereas, areas that develop spontaneously without proper planning frequently become kampungs (urban slums). Kampungs are common around unplanned transit areas because of the need to commute daily by the working class. Unplanned communities encourage certain lifestyles, such as living near transit stations (walkability) and developing a perception of their surroundings (intelligibility). This paper will observe Kampung Muka in North Jakarta and determine if the principles of Transit-Oriented Development (hereinafter, TOD) are applicable to this area. The case study was chosen because of its proximity to major sites in Jakarta, such as Kota Tua, Jakarta Kota Station and Kampung Bandan Station. In this paper, our observations will analyze whether Kampung Muka applies TOD principles daily. To observe the applications of these principles, methods used include literature and morphological studies of the development, circulation and access, and intelligibility of locals towards the kampung. From these observations, we conclude the incorporation of TOD principles in the daily lives of Kampung Muka’s residents would create an assimilation process aligning their core values with these respective principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigates the rising utilisations of open domestic spaces for living activities during the COVID-19 outbreak. As a living machine, the house is constituted by elements through a particular organisation for the wellbeing of the users, which includes its open spaces. The study points out that the discussion of the role and utilisations of domestic open spaces has been limited, focusing on simple activities and its performances on aiding building comforts. Based on observations and interviews on fifteen households in greater Jakarta, Indonesia, the paper maps different utilisations of open spaces, addressing them as fluid spatial strategies that support the health and wellbeing of the overall domestic spaces. The study highlights three important roles of domestic open spaces in a tropical context, demonstrating their transitional, hygiene enhancing, and productive capacities. It is argued that these capacities embrace and encourage the often-fluid relationship between architecture and its surrounding environment, as a part of a healthy machine of living, particularly in the times of a pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diversity of ethnic groups in Indonesia has been one of the basic factors of the growth of identity in a settlement. Ethnic Chinese has been one of the minority ethnic groups that have become a part of that diversity, after migrating from China and have settled down in Indonesia from the early century (around 1st century B.C. according to Melalatoa [1]), thus making the name Chinatown known as the settlement whereas ethnic Chinese (now Chinese-Indonesian) lived. One of the biggest Chinatown in Indonesia, Glodok area had the identity known as a trading area managed by Chinese-Indonesian from the colonial era until now, and has become a very iconic place in Jakarta for the characteristics as a Chinatown. Glodok that was formed in the colonial era became the place where Chinese identity and Dutch identity interact, and then followed by the interaction with local ethnic groups identities in the following era. Advancement in architecture that was developed in those times became the very uniqueness that makes Glodok distinctive in Jakarta. In that phase, the settlement grows in response to the society and environment growth, especially in times of modernization and new technology. In this case, does the Glodok settlement still maintain its identity in the visualization of the settlement? Or the identity itself has already succumbed through the intense modernization and rapid changing in the environment? This paper aims to identify those changes of the settlement in response to the growing environment, especially in Indonesia whereas the country has a tropical climate that affects the use of building materials in the urban space of Glodok. The methods used to obtain the data needed are literature research on the development of Glodok throughout the history and observation on the growth through the documentation of both the past and the present of the Glodok settlement, and its growth in the aspect of architecture. Therefore, knowing that Glodok does have changes in the terms of settlement, the form and facades of building, the materials used, along with the identity growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of film to represent a city has been widely used in urban studies to understand, read and study the condition of a city with all of its social dynamics that happened in urban society throughout recent history. Through this media, conveying a point of view in living and experiencing urban space is important, as it is sometimes an actual reflection on issues and conditions that occur in the city. The main urban issues raised in this paper is gender issue, especially in relation with women in the city and how the urban space of Jakarta is occupied and defined. These issues are related to the stereotype and limitation on the use of urban space and can be identified through the perspective of women living and experiencing urban space. Furthermore, cinematic representation of a city in film is used as a media to identify these issues. This thesis discusses two different films that both tells the story of women & the city of Jakarta, namely; Eliana, Eliana released in 2002 and Selamat Pagi, Malam released in 2014 to see and compare the representations of the city of Jakarta in films with reality, to see and compare representations of Jakarta city in films with reality, especially those relating to gender issues and the use of urban space [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban Kampung has been part of Jakarta's development since colonial era. The existence of this type of settlement seems to be an integral part of the city development. Inequality of basic services such as clean water provision experienced by urban kampung residents is a result of exclusion from holistic city planning. Due to its informal presence urban kampung are also overshadowed and threatened by forced eviction. This also has an impact on the provision of basic services by the government that are not accessible to all urban kampung residents. Land ownership is an issue that underlies the vulnerability of urban kampung spatially and one of government's reasons to limit distribution of clean water. However, the ability of community to adapt to this vulnerability is the reason why until now urban kampung could maintain their existence in the capital city. This paper aims to investigate the driving factors of vulnerability experienced by residents of urban kampung and how these adaptations can respond to vulnerability in the spatial aspect of water availability and sanitation facilities. We use qualitative methods, which consist of mapping, public toilet observation, and unstructured interviews to explore adaptation based on the views of residents. Based on our investigation, spatial adaptation carried out communally in urban kampung creates economic activities for urban kampung residents as well as a place for interaction between them. This small-scale spatial adaptation carried out in several spots of the urban kampung became one of the driving factor of community sustainability in providing basic needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children playing on the streets. That's the everyday socio-spatial practice in Warakas, North Jakarta. People occupying street, not only as a space for vehicle to pass, but for them to socialize and children to play. Those condition might not go according to what's planned by the urban planner, but they have their own way in occupying that space provided by them. The way they see and occupy space shaped by site condition and its possibilities, also social, economic, and cultural background. The existing space injected by their behavior and create value for them to call it place, a place for them. The same way goes for children that occupy the street as their playground. This paper interrogates the process of children placemaking, how the kampung street turn into a playful and happy place for children. We conduct this research by doing participant observation, playing with children during their free time, and taking visual notes, in order to understand how children, occupy the street and add value to the kampung street, a place for them to play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kampung kota or urban village has always been regarded as slum area and in most cases seen as not suitable as residential area. Efforts to evict by the government has always been a major issue. In reality, houses in kampung kota have a concept that is not different from the concept of the Tiny House Movement which has already happened in many countries. For people who live in urban areas, their homes can be considered as tiny houses. The only different is their appearance compared to tiny houses in other countries which have a considerably 'nicer' and 'neater' design. Living in a tiny house does not only mean living in a small house, but also adapting to a simpler, less consumptive, more connected to nature and caring for the environment. This paper will discuss how tiny houses in kampung kota can actually form a sustainable living. We explore part of Kampung Muka, Ancol, North Jakarta to observe their domestic spaces and conduct in-depth interviews with the residents. Through this investigation, we find that sustainable living had taken place in the life of the residents living in tiny houses in Kampung Muka. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A brand cannot be created without the context of consumers. People need to interact with the brand to create the brand itself. The interaction through communication between consumers and a brand is called brand contacts. Brand contacts that are repeated and then received in people's minds create a different image for each person. That image contributes to the establishment of a public place brand and determines an individual's perception and perspective towards the brand. For a brand contact to occur, it needs a vehicle called brand contact attributes to accommodate the interaction between the consumers and the brand. This paper aims to explore and reveal people's responses towards brand contact attributes in a public space. Kano's model and I-S model were used as a tool to examine the differences between brand contact attributes in a public place. These models utilize fulfillment, satisfaction, and importance value to assess the brand contact attributes. Lapangan Banteng Park, located in Central Jakarta, was chosen as a site for the study. The attributes that involve possible physical contact in Lapangan Banteng Park were categorized into five quality attributes based on Kano's model. The I-S model determines the character and quality of the attributes and recommends a basis for further action as required by the specific attributes of a public place. The results show that there are brand contact attributes in Kano's model categories that may be placed differently in the I-S model quadrant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of modern houses transforms and maintained some functions and patterns from traditional houses of space from period to period. The advancement of technology, as well as the changing lifestyles, influences the use of elements in traditional houses. Betawi traditional house features a veranda at the front side. As a front element, the veranda is one of the richest parts of the house that creates a representation of the owner and a connection to the inner part of the house. The veranda is covered by a roof and provides protection against sun and rain as well as plays an important role in the aesthetic in the house. The veranda in Betawi traditional house shows the basis for a traditional house type that is deeply associated with Betawi people's way of life. One character of Betawi's house is the attention to the relationship of society through the idea of the verandah that welcomes visitors. The openness can still be used in modern house design by using verandah as an extension of the living room. Even though modern houses are designed using modern materials, the openness of veranda adds a unique character of a Betawi house for modern houses. The first part of this paper discusses the characteristics of traditional Betawi houses and introduces various examples of the development of veranda starting from the Dutch colonial era to the recent era. There is a discussion of some examples of both traditional and modern houses in Jakarta to show continuity and adaptation of traditional and compares them from form and user, especially with the use of veranda. The investigation discovers that the idea of the veranda is still relevant to modern dwellings in Jakarta. Transformed or maintained, the veranda idea still provides one of the prototypes of the modern dwelling. In conclusion, the development of veranda has served to promote the continuity and adaptation of traditional Betawi architecture, even though there is a degradation in the function and meaning of veranda for a modern house. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is important to determine the time when people in a region are ready to adopt the technology. In addition,PT PLN (Persero) as an electric state-owned company also needs to find the time when PT PLN (Persero) has to be involved in rooftop photovoltaic business. To predict the readiness of rooftop photovoltaic adoption in Indonesia, this paper estimated the willingness to pay (WTP) of household customers then compared the WTP with the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for scenario rooftop PV without batteries in two big cities namely Jakarta and Surabaya. In this discussion, a comparison of WTP and LCOE was carried out covering five years for the period 2018 to 2023.This study uses data from the National Social and Economic Survey (SUSENAS) conducted by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in March 2016 to estimate the WTP of electricity per year, sample respondent was1,081 households domiciled in Surabaya city and DKI Jakarta province. Calculation of estimated LCOE per year is carried out by assuming some data, namely investment costs, operational-maintenance costs, discount rates, and derating factors. The result indicates household customers in Surabaya have higher WTP than customers in DKI Jakarta, and rooftop PV systems in Surabaya have lower LCOE values than DKI Jakarta because Surabaya has a greater solar energy potential, thus, customers in Surabaya are expected to have a greater chance to adopt rooftop photovoltaic than DKI Jakarta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of film to represent a city has been widely used in urban studies to understand, read and study the condition of a city with all of its social dynamics that happened in urban society throughout recent history. Through this media, conveying a point of view in living and experiencing urban space is important, as it is sometimes an actual reflection on issues and conditions that occur in the city. The main urban issues raised in this paper is gender issue, especially in relation with women in the city and how the urban space of Jakarta is occupied and defined. These issues are related to the stereotype and limitation on the use of urban space and can be identified through the perspective of women living and experiencing urban space. Furthermore, cinematic representation of a city in film is used as a media to identify these issues. This thesis discusses two different films that both tells the story of women & the city of Jakarta, namely; Eliana, Eliana released in 2002 and Selamat Pagi, Malam released in 2014 to see and compare the representations of the city of Jakarta in films with reality, to see and compare representations of Jakarta city in films with reality, especially those relating to gender issues and the use of urban space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban Kampung has been part of Jakarta’s development since colonial era. The existence of this type of settlement seems to be an integral part of the city development. Inequality of basic services such as clean water provision experienced by urban kampung residents is a result of exclusion from holistic city planning. Due to its informal presence urban kampung are also overshadowed and threatened by forced eviction. This also has an impact on the provision of basic services by the government that are not accessible to all urban kampung residents. Land ownership is an issue that underlies the vulnerability of urban kampung spatially and one of government’s reasons to limit distribution of clean water. However, the ability of community to adapt to this vulnerability is the reason why until now urban kampung could maintain their existence in the capital city. This paper aims to investigate the driving factors of vulnerability experienced by residents of urban kampung and how these adaptations can respond to vulnerability in the spatial aspect of water availability and sanitation facilities. We use qualitative methods, which consist of mapping, public toilet observation, and unstructured interviews to explore adaptation based on the views of residents. Based on our investigation, spatial adaptation carried out communally in urban kampung creates economic activities for urban kampung residents as well as a place for interaction between them. This small-scale spatial adaptation carried out in several spots of the urban kampung became one of the driving factor of community sustainability in providing basic needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kampung kota or urban village has always been regarded as slum area and in most cases seen as not suitable as residential area. Efforts to evict by the government has always been a major issue. In reality, houses in kampung kota have a concept that is not different from the concept of the Tiny House Movement which has already happened in many countries. For people who live in urban areas, their homes can be considered as tiny houses. The only different is their appearance compared to tiny houses in other countries which have a considerably ‘nicer’ and ‘neater’ design. Living in a tiny house does not only mean living in a small house, but also adapting to a simpler, less consumptive, more connected to nature and caring for the environment. This paper will discuss how tiny houses in kampung kota can actually form a sustainable living. We explore part of Kampung Muka, Ancol, North Jakarta to observe their domestic spaces and conduct in-depth interviews with the residents. Through this investigation, we find that sustainable living had taken place in the life of the residents living in tiny houses in Kampung Muka. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children playing on the streets. That’s the everyday socio-spatial practice in Warakas, North Jakarta. People occupying street, not only as a space for vehicle to pass, but for them to socialize and children to play. Those condition might not go according to what’s planned by the urban planner, but they have their own way in occupying that space provided by them. The way they see and occupy space shaped by site condition and its possibilities, also social, economic, and cultural background. The existing space injected by their behavior and create value for them to call it place, a place for them. The same way goes for children that occupy the street as their playground. This paper interrogates the process of children placemaking, how the kampung street turn into a playful and happy place for children. We conduct this research by doing participant observation, playing with children during their free time, and taking visual notes, in order to understand how children, occupy the street and add value to the kampung street, a place for them to play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A brand cannot be created without the context of consumers. People need to interact with the brand to create the brand itself. The interaction through communication between consumers and a brand is called brand contacts. Brand contacts that are repeated and then received in people's minds create a different image for each person. That image contributes to the establishment of a public place brand and determines an individual’s perception and perspective towards the brand. For a brand contact to occur, it needs a vehicle called brand contact attributes to accommodate the interaction between the consumers and the brand. This paper aims to explore and reveal people's responses towards brand contact attributes in a public space. Kano's model and I-S model were used as a tool to examine the differences between brand contact attributes in a public place. These models utilize fulfillment, satisfaction, and importance value to assess the brand contact attributes. Lapangan Banteng Park, located in Central Jakarta, was chosen as a site for the study. The attributes that involve possible physical contact in Lapangan Banteng Park were categorized into five quality attributes based on Kano's model. The I-S model determines the character and quality of the attributes and recommends a basis for further action as required by the specific attributes of a public place. The results show that there are brand contact attributes in Kano’s model categories that may be placed differently in the I-S model quadrant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is undeniable that the world's climate conditions are experiencing a significant quality decrease where the air around our homes, including Jakarta, are not feasible anymore where there are a lot of dangerous Particulate Matter 2.5 in the air that we breathe daily. Not only the air condition, the high demand for processed petroleum such as gasoline and diesel causes Indonesia to import where in 2018 there are 393,000 barrels per day. Of course, the budget spent to meet the fuel needs is not small, and will not decrease for the next few years, given that Indonesia's petroleum stock has also decreased. Based on these problems, Universitas Indonesia is committed to build an environmentally friendly transportation, called Electric Bus. This Electric Bus has prime mover in the form of a 3 phase induction motor. Author on this paper is doing the research to build an electric motor design used on The Bus, so that the motor can produce performance in accordance to the design specifications that is 100 kW, where three motors will be combined to produce 300 kW of power with 1200 Nm of torque. This research focuses on motor construction, as well as the selection of materials where the material used is from Indonesia so that all components of the motor are originally made in Indonesia, with the best quality and specifications. This design has been successfully made resulting a weight of 298 kg and dimensions of 630 mm x 470 mm. The results of this research are expected to be able to electrify The Yellow Buses at Universitas Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sedimentary structure was formed from a sedimentary process that controlled by some external force that mainly formed at the environment with strong air, water, and strong snow current, also by gravitational force to do the transportation process. The water body, like a river and the ocean, are a perfect place to examine the sediment structure because the water medium has a unique characteristic that can transport, erode, and preserved the sediment layer. The result of the latest experiment shows how to scale down the nature scale to the laboratory-scale model with some calculations. This paper discusses how to scale down the sediment habit and structure from the natural scale of Cisadane River and the offshore of the Tanjung Pasir Beach to the laboratory. The experimental facility has been equipped with two flume tanks that have a different dimension, a laser distance meter, a self-made wavemaker, two action cameras, and two water tank. Field observation has done to get the water velocity, air velocity, air temperature, and the coordinate data. Scaling down the process was done by using two references, a Froude Scale Model and Reynolds’s Rule. This experiment came with an interpretation that the current shoreline of northwestern Jakarta would be increasing toward the Java Sea. The aim of this study was to get a laboratory-scale model from the field observation data and used to build an experiment set up on both flume tanks. The result of this experiment shows that the wave ripple structure experiment has formed a wave-dominated delta and the current ripple structure experiment has formed and can be observed through the side of the flume tank, which gives the better view of the current ripple structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of the application of non-destructive test: Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) to assess the bearing capacity of the rigid pavement and calculate the overlay on a composite pavement. The present study was conducted on toll roads in Jakarta Outer Ring Roads S-section (JORR-S), with vehicles lane that received relatively heavy axle loads. The main motivation of this research was to evaluate the use of FWD method against destructive testing (DT)—which is relatively time-consuming, unsafe and costly— as the support for decision making in carrying out effective and efficient toll road maintenance. The structural models were build based on the deflection of the FWD and the real traffic load measured using Weigh in Motion (WIM) data. The layers elastic moduli were estimated through back-calculation. Furthermore, the calculation of thickness overlay with bearing capacity values from the non-destructive test data was done using back calculation method. The final calculation results obtained the average thickness of the overlay of 8 cm. It can be concluded that the thickness of the pavement layer has a high influence on the approximate modulus of the bitumen layer to be added. Although the results are specific to this case, it is expected that this study will strengthen the importance of using non-destructive testing for pavement evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concurrent infection with multiple infectious agents may occur in one patient, it appears frequently in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and typhoid fever. This paper depicted association between DHF and typhoid based on spatial point of view. Since paucity of data regarding dengue and typhoid co-infection, data that be used are the number of patients of those diseases in every district (kecamatan) in Jakarta in 2014 and 2015 obtained from Jakarta surveillance website. Poisson spatial scan statistics is used to detect DHF and typhoid hotspots area district in Jakarta separately. After obtain the hotspot, Fisher's exact test is applied to validate association between those two diseases' hotspot. The result exhibit hotspots of DHF and typhoid are located around central Jakarta. The further analysis used Poisson space-time scan statistics to reveal the hotspot in term of spatial and time. DHF and typhoid fever more likely occurr from January until May in the area which is relatively similar with pure spatial result. Preventive action could be done especially in the hotspot areas and it is required further study to observe the causes based on characteristics of the hotspot area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]