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There are many practical applications based on the Least Square Error (LSE) or Total Least Square Error (TLSE) methods. Usually the standard least square error is used due to its simplicity, but it is not an optimal solution, as it does not optimize distance, but square of a distance. The TLSE method, respecting the orthogonality of a distance measurement, is computed in ɖ-dimensional space, i.e. for points given in E2 a line ∏ in E2, resp. for points given in E3 a plane Þ in E3, fitting the TLSE criteria are found. However, some tasks in physical sciences lead to a slightly different problem. In this paper, a new TSLE method is introduced for solving a problem when data are given in E3 a line ∏ ∊ E3 is to be found fitting the TLSE criterion. The presented approach is applicable for a general ɖ-dimensional case, i.e. when points are given in Ed a line ∏ ∊ Ed is to be found. This formulation is different from the TLSE formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we investigate the performance of a copula type Gumbel-Barnett, for prediction of the dependence between two variables, X and Y. We fit a copula, using a sample of observations collected at time t and we define predictive areas, at different levels, to detect specific changes in a sample at time t +1, both samples are governed by the same law (copula). The study addresses the more general problem of detecting dependence changes during different periods of time. This work is developed under a Bayesian perspective, a procedure that allows working with small sample sizes and under different assumptions introduced in the model through the prior distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes instruments' validation process to identify the suitability and accuracy of the final examination questions for engineering mathematics. As a compulsory subject for second year students from 4 departments in Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, the Differential Equations 1 course (KKKQ2124) was considered in this study. The data used in this study consists of the raw marks for final examination of semester 2, 2012/2013 session. The data then will be run and analyzed using the Rasch measurement model. Rasch model can also examine the ability of students and redundancy of instrument constructs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students have difficulties to appreciate the role of mathematics in their daily life. Failure to understand how mathematics is relevant in life might hinder learning. An online web magazine entitled Dunia Matematik has been published to share mathematics that beyond the classrooms. This paper discusses students' rating of the articles which portray statistics in real life that made available at one section of the web magazine. Students' motivate on were assesed based on four components of ARCS model: Attention, Relevance, Confidence and Satisfaction. The thirty-seven form four students who participated in the study were given one hour to review on some selected articles on statistics that have been published in Dunia Matematik. At the end of the one hour session the participants were required to respond to 20 survey items. Findings showed that the students rated highest for Confidence while Attention was rated lowest. Meanwhile, the overall rating for the articles on Statistics of the online web magazine Dunia Matematik was rated considerably high. The study shows that form four students viewed the articles on applications of statistics published in Dunia Matematik has the potential to motivate the learning of statistics. It is hoped that students take advantage to what is offered by this local web magazine to attain learning and experience beyond classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]