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Radon is considered a significant contaminant that is second most frequent cause of lung cancer after cigarette smoking. The estimation of radon gas and its exhalation rates in soil is helpful to study many health hazards due to radon. The present research work deal with the estimation of radon and thoron concentrations along with annual effective dose rate due to both radon and thoron in Shaheed Bhagat Singh District of Punjab. This paper also shows radon concentrations, radon mass and surface exhalation rates and radium content in some of the soil samples.It has been found that radon and thoron levels in air varies from 34.6 Bqm−3 to 135.5 Bqm−3 and from 56.9 Bqm-3 to 94.1 Bqm-3 with mean values of 65.8 Bqm−3 and 73.6 Bqm− 3, respectively. Annual effective dose rates due to radon and thoron are comes out to be 1.9 mSv and 1.8 mSv, respectively. In soil of SBS District the radon concentration varies from 104.4 Bq.m−3 to 303.3 Bq.m−3 with the average value of 175 Bq.m-3. It has been shown that radon mass exhalation rate varies from 2.4mBq.kg-1.h-1 to 7.0mBq.kg-1.h-1 with average value of 4.0mBq.kg−1.h-1. Radon surface exhalation rate varies from 10.0mBq.m−2.h−1 to 29.1mBq.m−2.h−1 with average value of 16.8mBq.m−2.h−1. The radium content in soil samples varies from 1.6 Bq.kg−1 to 4.7 Bq.kg−1 with the average value of 2.7 Bq.kg−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]