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Online examinations and E-learning systems have gained more attention in the educational institutions nowadays due to the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. Unlike traditional exams, web-based or online examination systems are very useful to prepare an exam, save time and money and provide accurate results. In this paper, new e_Exam system is developed to give us efficient exam in terms of saving time and cost and effort and cheating probability The proposed system, named Web-Bases Examination System (WBES), is implemented by using PHP, MySQL and a little of JavaScript. WBES provides four examinations with a time limit for each one and an ability for the admin to add, edit or delete questions from the exams. WBES has a feature that each client or user will be tested by a different set of questions or different order and that decreases the cases of cheating between users or students. WBES can be accessed from any client in the same local network that the server is connected to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the increase of online learning platforms, obtaining learning behavior data from students, are becoming easy. However, analyzing the data to extract meaningful information remains challenging due to the data volume and complexity. Here, we apply Self-organizing Maps (SOM) to visualize the learning characteristics of many elementary students over many online assignments in mathematics class. As a case study, this research used the data log of MONSAKUN, a digital learning environment that focuses on exercising arithmetic using story-based questions by using a problem-posing approach with the integration of mathematical sentences. Our primary objective is to give intuitive understanding to the teachers regarding the students' performance that subsequently allows the teachers to generate meaningful advices. Here, SOM generates a two-dimensional map that preserved the topological order of high-dimensional learning characteristics data, in which students with similar learning characteristics are located close to each other, while students with significantly different characteristics are distanced from each other. We are interested especially in locating low-performing students, as they are the most important to be given advice by the teachers. By locating the low-performing students and other students in their vicinity on the map, the teacher may be able to use other students as references for improving the low-performing students' performances. The idea is to mimic the learning characteristics of the students designated as references. Due to the learning characteristics similarity, the low-performing students do not need to make drastic changes in their learning styles. It can be expected that by iterating this process over many assignments, the students' performances will gradually be improved. In this paper, we utilized a digital learning platform MONSAKUN, for learning arithmetic used in Japan. In this paper, we present our preliminary results in the form a learning-visualization of characteristics students of analytical and advisory tools and described our future goals for building a more flexible and general tool that can be deployed in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-learning is a process of learning where we use of an electronic-based platform through the internet. Nowadays, adaptive e-learning has become very essential for academia and vocational skills training using the internet. In this paper, we discuss how e-learning has changed the whole dynamic of technical education. We furthermore canvass the disadvantages of e-learning and try to overcome them using a new approach. This paper makes an attempt to prove how integrating e-learning with traditional learning ecosystems can significantly enhance learner outcomes to overcome the shortcomings of both e-learning and traditional education through a blended approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since study from home policy was introduced as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, academic activities in Indonesia have transformed into electronic learning. However, there is a limited study examining the factors confirming the application of electronic learning by the lecturer during the COVID-19 crisis. To fill the research gaps, this paper scrutinizes the factors that confirmed electronic learning in a time of COVID-19 pandemic using the unified theory of adoption and use of technology (UTAUT) model. Specifically, we inspect confirmatory factor analysis of five dimensions of UTAUT, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and adoption of electronic learning. The research performed a survey method using an online questionnaire. Data in this study were collected from a permanent lecturer in Universitas Andalas, Indonesia. Data were processed using structural equation modeling (SEM). A total of 330 respondents participated in this survey. Our findings show that all constructs and items of electronic learning adoption are valid and reliable. From the results, the current study contributes theoretically and practically further elaborated in the light of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the methods and tools for realizing the electronic information and educational environment of an educational institution. The paper describes the requirements for systems for monitoring and supporting the educational process. The indicators requiring attention during the functioning of the electronic learning environment are considered. The paper presented aspects of the increased system load because of covid-19 pandemic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the applications of e-learning have become more widespread because of the inability of students to attend schools and universities. Usability techniques are important aspects qualities and success operators for any electronic learning website and, application. However, there is a lot of literature on usability technologies in many areas such as business, financial, and health, but a little about the recent directions of these technologies for modern e-learning. Therefore, this research conducted a systematic review on recent ways of e-learning usability assessment approaches to fill the gap in this topic. The systematic review consists of downloading many articles on usability evaluation techniques that are used to measure e-learning quality from major databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Academia, Scopus, Springer, and Clarivate. Then these articles have been investigated one by one to find which usability evaluation techniques are common, reliable, and their advantages and disadvantages. The study of the systematic literature review showed that the most commonly employed technique for measuring e-learning quality is the testing using a questionnaire in about 80.95% of the papers examined. Furthermore, empirical studies such as experiments, surveys, and case studies account for 66.65 percent of the studies reviewed. I hope this research will serve as a reference for decision-makers in ministries and universities to check the fineness of their e-learning. The current study is used as a reference for researchers and Ph.D. students to overcome drawbacks in current e-learning usability evaluation techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sudden appearance of the extremely infectious COVID 19 virus has thrown the whole globe into disarray and compelled a transformation in the structure of the global economy so that it can adjust to the new conditions. The education industry, which formerly placed a significant emphasis on more conventional forms of contact such as face to face communication, has been obliged to embrace the concept of online learning. This shift, however, has not been an easy one, and the bulk of them are still having trouble converting into an e-learning platform that operates full-time. Both students and teachers need to make the transition from traditional classroom instruction to online learning platforms for the ecosystem of digital learning to exist. Parents, policymakers, and educational institutions need to play the role of facilitator to ensure that there is as little disruption as possible to the education process during this transition. Several educational establishments were first hesitant to abandon their time-honoured instructional approach in favour of the more modern approach of online learning, but with time, many were compelled to make the transition. The purpose of this essay is to suggest a developing model for efficient e-learning by including the important aspects that are necessary for online delivery under crisis conditions similar to those experienced by Covid. It also sheds light on the difficulties that important stakeholders are having in adjusting to the e-learning process as well as the potential solutions to those difficulties. Previous research has not concentrated on eLearning models that are applicable during times of emergency. Research Methodology – The authors want to conduct a comprehensive literature evaluation of a wide variety of publications and research papers related to Covid and its effect on online education in order to achieve their goal of developing a conceptual paper. In the event of a crisis comparable to a pandemic caused by the Coronavirus, an online learning paradigm is suggested for academic institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proliferation of Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) is inevitably revolutionizing the entire construction industry. It is not an option that the skills and competencies in myriad digital technologies need to be embedded in the construction management curriculum. The sheer lack of skills and trained labour in transition to digital construction is due to the inadequacy of hands-on activities of using multiple digital tools. This paper presents the experiential learning of using digital tools in construction management education. The objective of this paper is to explore the extent to which Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) influence the students' perception toward digital tools. A hands-on workshop activity approach was designed and organised by the student association in the construction management programme offered at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) to address the issue of lack of proficiency in using the digital tools such as Autodesk Revit (BIM system), Microsoft Excel (Quantity Take-Off). The approach first begins with an understanding of the digital tools for construction-related application. Then follow-up by step-by-step of exploring the ribbons of computer interface, short-cuts and associated tabs. The proposed approach is conducted in the faculty computer labs evaluated by using the experiential learning for both digital tools (i.e., Revit and Excel) in either creating a three-dimensional (3D) BIM Model or the ability to take off the material quantities. The evaluation results indicated that the approach helps to enhance students learning the digital tools and apply those activities in their formal course module. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital Systems is one of the more difficult courses in the undergraduate Electrical Engineering curriculum. Students are expected to master all levels of Bloom's taxonomy since an outcome of the course is the ability to design digital hardware that executes some algorithms. In this paper, we describe our effort to improve the teaching and learning process for this subject by using active learning approaches. The use of software and hardware was fully emphasized in this course through a continuous series of milestones. Padlet and E-learning were used to make student's learning of concepts visible during class time. Besides, project-based learning is implemented as an out of class learning activity for the course. Based on students' reflections of the course, the approach had effectively developed the students' understanding of digital system concepts and designs. A comparison between the performance of the course learning outcomes attainment is done between cohorts 20132014 (semester 2014/2015-2) and 20172018 (semester 2018/2019-2). The result shows that the cohort that went through active learning achieved higher performance compared to the traditional teaching method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents some of the correctional facilities systems of education. It attempts to identify the e-learning methods which are used in prisons for various educational purposes. Specifically, this research is focused on the opportunities and the limitations which the e-learning type of education has when used in prisons. The research method is survey, conducted at two Bulgarian prisons – one for juvenile criminals and one male's prison. The paper focuses on three main aspects – 1) access to technologies; 2) digital skills and 3) attitudes towards e-learning. Findings from data analysis reveal that prisoners are willing to enhance their learning experience through the use of ICT. The technologies utilised for educational purposes in these prisons are strictly limited due to a law which prohibits the use of Internet for inmates. Conclusions impose the need for advanced training of prisoners in the field of e-learning and ICT and providing adequate educational software based on intranet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the educational process of e-learning as one of the possible ways to develop digital competencies in future teachers. It is not only them, but also current teachers, who are given the rather difficult task of developing digital competencies in their pupils. To have digitally competent pupils, we need digitally competent teachers. In this article, specific examples of teaching aimed at developing digital competencies, in particular the competency Digital Content Creation, are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to find out the initial information and describe the needs and obstacles in learning physics from the point of view of students. It was found that teaching and learning activities have used Kurikulum Merdeka and there are still shortcomings in the availability of learning resources. This research uses a descriptive method with data analyzed using data reduction. A total of 128 students participated in this survey. The results showed that: (1) renewable energy material is the most difficult topic for students to understand; (2) there are some difficulties felt by students during online physics learning such as difficult-to-understand material, lack of learning resources, explanations are not accompanied by examples of application in daily life, and learning tends to assignments; (3) 84.3% of students argue that the stem approach can help them understand the taught physics material. (3) 58.6% of survey results stated that it is very important in developing stem-based e-learning to improve students' creative thinking skills. (3) Physics learning content that students want includes images, videos, audio, and text. The results of this study indicate that stem-based learning needs to be developed to improve students' creative thinking skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indian government has proposed a national education policy designed by an eminent panel of experts, with the audacious goal of transforming the Indian education system. The policy plans to bring significant changes in the teaching-learning process from the school level to the university level. This paper studies the current information technology infrastructure that is available in Indian Universities for enabling e-learning. The data relating to IT infrastructure to facilitate e-learning was collected from 252 Universities across India. This was used to understand the present scenario of e-learning in the higher education context. An IT governance framework has been proposed which can effectively facilitate e-learning in alignment with the goals of the Indian National Education Policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 has a considerable impact on the adoption of Digital Learning platforms by schools and universities. These platforms allow teachers to deliver courses remotely, and students take courses at a distance. E-learning platforms collect, process, and store personal and metadata about participants. These data, in the right hands, help to improve educational facilities. But in the wrong hands, it can ruin the reputation of those involved. This paper has shown that it is necessary to identify which personal data is involved in Digital Learning, look at the security risks associated with Digital Learning, and formulate the required security measures required to mitigate them. Our research has highlighted that, for reliable and effective security, e-learning platform providers must comply with the legislation in force in their country and implement the existing security mechanisms. In addition, teachers and students should be aware of the regulations and privacy policies. The best practice is to protect ourselves before, during and after Online Learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of Covid-19 on education is the result of online learning from home as part of the Work from Home (WFH) protocol. There are at least three essential roles in WFH, namely Institutions, Teachers and Students, each of which uses personal resources. This literature begins with a review of the primary literature with the theme of e-learning frameworks and cloud computing. It is found that two crucial things are Integration and measuring the level of success. On that basis, in this literature review research, keywords are taken from the theme, including the word equation by using AND OR operators on the research database site over a span of the last five years. Each literature will be explored in stages focusing on the problem of Integration and or Measurement Level measurement. These results become material for systematic discussion so that an overview is obtained for the development of an E-learning Service Framework based on Cloud Computing using a six-layer model with the Business Process layer being the layer used in system integration, both with other service systems and similar systems in the education ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to find a develop of digital media in Tafsir learning, and describe the various digital media in Senior High School. The method used in this research is Borg and Gall development research. Through the stages of preliminary studies, needs analysis, prototype design, product development, testing. This research was conducted in This research was conducted in Jepara Indonesia, especially in Bugel village, Central Java, Indonesia. The results of the needs analysis on students who like audio visual in media show 82% of the students of the Matholi'ul Huda Senior School, 67% of the students of the Al-Mustaqim Senior High School. This digital media for learning Tafsir was developed from the application based on windows and android. This application has four menus, namely the topic menu that can be used to search for the title and materials, the asbabun nuzul menu which is involve information about history of sorah or verses, the quiz menu contains a list of questions about tafsir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over 60 per cent of pupils in the COVID 19 epidemic created significant disruption in the educational system, and educational institutions across the globe were closed. Essential elements of e-learning during COVID-19 have been technology management, management support, improved student knowledge about the usage of e-learning systems and the need for a high standard of information technology from instructors, students, and institutions. This article aims to find key success elements for E-learning during COVID-19 by utilising the MSP and TOPSIS methods to improve the educational process. The objective of the paper was to identify crucial success factors for e-learning during COVID-19. In COVID-19, 69 E-learning managers were interviewed based on specified evaluation and e-learning methods across various channels. Mixed learning was the best appropriate training method for practical use among the five learning systems. These findings showed the readiness of E-learning to carry out instruction throughout the COVID-19 epidemic, regardless of how exceptional the technology was at a school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the rapid development and spread of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) during the past four decades, which has become a prominent feature of the era, Iraq is still at the bottom of the list of developing countries, especially in the field of technology and communication by all standards. In fact, Iraq lies outside the scope of education quality alongside other six Arab countries. This, however, is attributed to the constant mis-management and lack of knowledge about issues relevant to the modes of technology development. What makes things worse is the outbreak and rapid spread of Covid-19. This, so to speak, has imposed a number of restrictions on education to the extent that the government has resorted to E-Learning. The researchers, however, briefly address the concept of (ICT) as well as the global technological diffusion indicator for the Arab group in which Iraq's position is analysed according to the main and sub-indicators. Moreover, the E-Learning, its advantages and disadvantages, is being brought into focus. To amend all the obstacles, solutions have been proposed in accordance with the general technological indicator. Besides, the research-paper concludes with recommendations and suggestions which will definitely contribute to the attainment of the goal aspired for. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the exponential success of using creative gaming concepts in the educational context to encourage active learning, engage people and solve motivational problems, there is an emerging body of research work arguing that gamification is not successful to improving either student participation or learning outcomes. This research paper proposed a new gamification assessment model to investigate how gamification can first impact student learning interaction, student's satisfaction, increasing student's motivation, student's engagement, and addressing needs of student. In order to encourage students to answer questions relevant to their taught modules, a question board is designed and implemented where academic staff can also contribute and validate the most correct responses. In order to investigate the gamification effect over time, the acquisition of data is carried out. The gamified platform was incorporated with a university's online e-learning portal where e-learning adoption is considered extremely weak. The findings obtained have shown that gamification can be seen as a powerful tool for enticing users to use educational systems and increasing their interactivity and interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Augmented and Virtual Reality simulation technologies are among the fast-growing consumer-level intelligent simulation technologies and have been great solutions to enhance the user experience (UX) and interactivity. Many studies have shown that these technologies do help in virtual educational applications, but a discussion and comparison of their effects on students' eLearning is quite limited. This experimental study focuses on evaluating the potential of AR and VR applications specially designed for eLearning purposes and tests the effects of intelligent simulations used in an e-learning virtual environment. This was done by presenting an online lecture both in VR and AR to two different groups of learners. The study was conducted among the students of multimedia in a reputed private university in India. The simulation technologies were compared in terms of participants' test scores, engagement, excitement, and level of distraction. Scores of both the groups were compared and reported along with the participant's perception of each simulation technology. Quantitative and Qualitative data acquired from both groups have been analyzed and the results indicate that AR works best when incorporated into e-learning. This is one of the first conceptual studies of comparison between VR and AR for interactive online teaching. Further, this paper discusses the inevitability of making new tools to enable instructors to become creators of AR/VR experiences in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, Learning Management Systems (LMS) are extensively used in educational institutions and universities to facilitate self-motivated online courses. In this context of LMSs, educational theories have advised that facilitating learners with learning material suitable for their learning styles may have greater impact on learner learning performance. Human brains generally use different methods for grasping knowledge faster and easier. We call these methods as learning styles. Learners with different individual traits, level of already gained knowledge, backgrounds, and characteristics have different learning styles. The web-based education frameworks aim to provide such a platform where all learners should learn efficiently regardless of their learning styles. Determining student's learning style and accordingly providing the personalized learning material surely improves the learning caliber of the learner. A model for accurate automated learning style recognition is needed to provide personalized learning material to the student that best suitable for learner learning style. In this paper we discussed the different learning style models and reviewed existing literature works related to learning styles detection and finally proposed an architectural framework for automatic recognition of learning styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to provide information about designing digital holographic learning media especially in teaching and learning mathematics at University. To be detail, this study was conducted to provide educators at university information towards things need to be considered in designing such instrument. In this case, we depict several activities in making holograms to deliver mathematical insights for students for Calculus course. The study was carried out through developmental steps ADDIE, such as Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. This study was conducted at Mathematics Education Program, Medan State University, especially for students who enrolled Calculus course. The activities were described explicitly in each phase. The results of this study show that it takes time to make holographic digital media in teaching and learning process of mathematics, including university. In this case, there are several aspects that need to be considered in designing the media, such as (1) the learning topics; (2) contents; (3) object video/animation; (4) hologram application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced Malaysian schools to change their learning model from face-to-face learning to online distance learning. This is what chemistry teachers and students cope with and achieve. However, online teaching and learning commonly did not make students pertain to the required 21st century skills. Having this in mind, a new approach with the STEAM integration in teaching chemistry project-based learning was suggested as one of the potential ways to develop 21st century students' competencies. Hence, this study discusses the prospects and challenges of STEAM incorporation in online project-based learning aimed at the development of 21st century skills in chemistry classrooms. The paper outlined that, there is a prospect for the chemistry students to advance the ability and competencies of various skills such as hard and soft skills in the course of the online learning process. Skills are expected to be developed for the search for the real problem. It was however revealed that the students' challenges faced relating to the steps had become a serious issue in this learning approach while establishing connections concerning subjects and general real-world implementation. Since it is impossible to predict when the pandemic will end, this is a challenge and an opportunity, and online chemistry learning can be considered from time to time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of e-learning has become of great significance with a high demand and the urgent need for it, hence it has proven its effectiveness as a successful alternative learning technique. This paper covers literature that explains the overall concept of e-learning, with the significance of e-learning and the need for it in the conclusion section. It provides an overview of the e-learning state in Iraq and the current state of universities in Iraq. Here in this article, we address an important e-learning application, which is the online test system for students. We engage in the explanation of this system, where its benefits are presented. Finally, the paper proposes to establish a system of tests using the Java computer programming language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information and communication technology (ICT) is used widely in educational industry for pedagogical activities including teaching approach, resources sharing, classroom communication and assessment. In Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), e-learning played a significant role as a supplementary tool for effective web-based learning. A study was conducted with the aim to determine what factors drive students' satisfaction in UTM e-learning. This paper present some of the results. A total of 194 samples were collected from undergraduate students in UTM using quantitative method. Purposive sampling technique used to select the participants of the study. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) is utilized for data analysis. The findings showed that delivery method and content have a positive and significant relationship with students' satisfaction in using e-learning. However, system operations have no impact on the satisfaction of the students with UTM e-learning. In conclusion, the study proposed to provide an effective teaching model for general education schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollution and health have emerged in recent years as worldwide concerns. A great deal of information is communicated in order to raise human awareness of this issue. Public signage is one way to obtain this information. The aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, this article outlines the use of Google Street and Google Maps to locate street signs linked to pollution and health issues. The second is to develop a conceptual approach into creative learning by employing digital technology in discovering and introducing students to information regarding pollution and health signs in the outdoor landscape using a novel technique and approach called Digital Linguistic Landscape Learning. It was revealed that the self-access center is the focal point for the development and use of digital technology, which provides students with the autonomy to investigate or discover solutions to the contestation of socio-cultural phenomena connected to the two key concerns in the public spheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

UNNES (Universitas Negeri Semarang) has developed Electronic Learning Aid (ELENA) as an e-learning tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. The lecturers have tried to innovate in the use of ELENA by conducting many kinds of lecturing activities. This paper aims to explain the effect of the use of ELENA on the student's satisfaction with online learning. The research is conducted at the Economics Education study program, Faculty of Economics, Semarang State University in March-June 2021. We use a questionnaire to obtain the required research data. We also use descriptive statistics to describe the students' satisfaction with online learning. Simple regression analysis is also used to determine the influence of ELENA usage on the students' satisfaction with online learning. The results indicate that some lecturers have been familiar with utilizing some features available in ELENA. The main lecturing activities held in ELENA are sharing files and giving assignments. The research findings also provide concrete evidence that the use of ELENA can significantly affect the students' satisfaction with online learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results from an rapid review and meta-analysis of the scientific publications, national and international monitoring reports on the COVID-19 pandemic implications for the functioning of the educational systems in Europe with a focus on school preparedness and teacher digital competences for an accelerated adaptation to an entirely electronic distance learning during the first waves of lockdown for the educational institutions. The overview study focuses on the analysis of the pre- pandemic and the pandemic situation in education in 11 European countries. It is carried out with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Bulgaria in late 2021 and early 2022. The meta-analysis regarding part of the formulated research questions highlights some interesting though not unexpected trends. On the one hand, data and conclusions from the first two waves of school lockdowns in the eleven European countries in the research lead to the conclusion that the high level of digitalization in the educational system and the well-developed teacher digital competences prior to the pandemic have facilitated and made more flexible the shift to an online modality of education when combined with decentralized crisis management strategies based on the provision of institutional and personal autonomy of the schools, the school management teams and teachers. On the other hand, it becomes clear that regardless of the level of the schools' pre-pandemic technological supply and the teachers' digital skills, the situation with the emergency transition to an entirely electronic distance learning modality is perceived and evaluated by them as strongly stressogenic. The results from the meta-analysis outline three areas of consensus where teachers from the European countries within the scope of the study have upgraded and improved their digital competences. These include: 1) the in-depth exploration and varied implementation of different synchronous and asynchronous environments, tools and software for organizing distance eLearning; 2) the flexible adaptation of digital educational resources by other authors and the creation of such by teachers themselves; and 3) the rethinking of approaches and methods for assessment and evaluation of student academic achievement within the digital learning process with a focus on the awareness of the synergetic connection between the strategies for formative, process-oriented assessment and those for summative, results-oriented assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-learning has proven its effectiveness when it is used in combination with traditional forms of learning. The global pandemic has contributed to its unconditional implementation in order to continue the normal rhythm of the learning process. The e-learning systems and tools allow the usage of various forms, methods and techniques in the performance of educational activities. An important stage in education is the assessment of learners' knowledge and skills. The examination activities are conducted face to face in traditional distance learning. In current extreme situation this is not possible and in order to successfully complete the learning cycle, the examination and assessment activities have to be carried out remotely. Many questions arise - whether the assessment is objective and the independent performance of the examination tasks and quizzes by learners is guaranteed or there are opportunities for fraud and dishonest behaviour on their part. The aim of the current paper is to present the experience of educators from Trakia University in the use of tools that support the assessment process in online mode and create conditions for building a secure environment for online exams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital Era has been considered as the era of latest IT technology where internet services are frequently used in order to provide e-learning solutions. It has been observed that modern digital era is influenced by frequent use of social-medias which is imparting information to users. In present scenario, it is evident that social media is playing massive role in imparting education. One can easily get the required information by applying simple commands. Social media such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, YouTube channel have been frequently used by students and professionals on regular bases. These platforms are acting as good tool for academic and professional learning also. The process of electronic learning has been accelerated by making use of such platforms. Present paper is investigating the impact of social media as tool for e-learning in digital era. Research has considered existing relevant research of e-learning along with challenges during usage of such system. The major issues of using social media as e-learning tool are lack of reliability and authenticity. Moreover due to open platform it becomes easy for people present their views on particular topic. But it becomes difficult to understand due to conflicting theories presented by professional of different fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the digital age, many companies are looking to e-learning to increase business productivity and efficiency. In an ever-changing world, it's important for employees to have access to the latest knowledge to succeed at work and acquire new skills as needed. This paper aims to explore employees' perception towards e-learning in workplace. Employee perception based on their age factor and experience. Employee opinion (or) impression is very important that will determine the effectiveness and the problems that they are going through e-learning. Whether to confirm that age, experience are the main factors that vary their opinions based on satisfaction, quality of learning, quality of teaching. The data is collected data from employees who are working in different companies. To know whether there is any relation between age and experience that is playing a major role towards employee satisfaction in e-learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exact expectation of the financial backers with respect to the securities exchanges helps them in taking better independent directions. The financial backers utilize the measurable information accessible in the online media regarding stocks and shares, to help the investors in better planning and preparation. Metrics are an integral part of Linear Regression Model Assessment. This paper concentrates on the assessment of metrics in direct relapse contrasting the two financial exchanges in particular IBM and DELL stocks whose probabilities of building forecast of protection market costs abuse utilizing chronicled information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tradition of bau nyale, fishing epitokes of nyale worms (Eunicidae), is the biggest cultural festival in Lombok Island. The tradition has been carried out for hundreds of years and now attracts tens of thousands of people to collect nyale. The present study aimed to explore the level of knowledge of Biology teachers on the Biology of nyale worms, before and after they were provided with a learning module. Data were collected using an online pretest and posttest sent electronically to 45 high-school Biology teachers, at the District of Lombok Tengah. The number of teachers who willingly answered the two tests was 35 and 37, respectively. Both tests were anonymous and teachers' names and schools may not be recognized. Between the two tests, teachers were provided with an electronic learning module on the Biology of nyale worms and two hours of discussion with a mentor. The results show that Biology teachers have a very low understanding of the Biology of nyale worms. During the study, their pre-test and post-test average (±SE) scores uplifted nearly three times, from 5.43 (±0.16) to 14.05 (±2.66). The very low scores on the pre-test were due to a lack of information sources on nyale worms' biology. However, the low scores on the post-test were most likely due to low motivation to understand the subject, as the subject was not obligatory to be taught in school. Normalized-gain scores were very low (9.12%). The normalized-gain score of male teachers from city schools was the highest, which coincided with the highest average teaching experience of this group. There is no correlation, however, between normalized-gain scores with teaching experiences. The present study recommended a compelling obligation to science-and Biology-teachers for teaching the Biology of nyale worms at their schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has become an accelerator for the shift of many everyday human activities from all sectors of social and economic life from traditional face-to-face to online mode. Education, despite of its conservative nature, was most strongly influenced by this trend. This paper discusses a pedagogical experiment of integrating a system for ongoing assessment of students in a university course, which was transformed from face-to-face to online as a result of the forced transition to distance learning during the pandemic. The goal of this experiment was to motivate the permanent involvement in the learning process of students who have no experience as online learners. The study is aimed at seeking the effectiveness of the applied approach of integrated continuous assessment as a 'soft" transition from face-to-face to distance learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the 21st century abilities, namely digital literacy skills. UNESCO's study of the digital literacy framework found that in general digital literacy competencies include three components, namely knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Digital literacy is the ability of students related to activities to access and process information related to learning so that it becomes very important in today's developments. Inquiry is learning by learning for students to be active in learning to solve problems, topics, or issues using information sources. In the world of education, in order to improve digital literacy skills, the application of the Nature of Science (NoS) within guided inquiry-based learning approach so that students can solve problems with the teacher still acting as a mentor during the learning process and the NoS component as a supporter of the integration of technology with the nature of science. This paper describes the potential of e-student worksheets through NoS within guided inquiry based learning approach to foster digital literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine (1) the availability of science e-learning facilities, (2) the students and teachers' mastery in using the science e-learning facilities, and (3) the condition on e-learning activities in public or private Madrasah Aliyah (Islamic Senior High Schools); whether the science e-learning was more interesting than normal learning. The research methods used a survey to attain the data and quantitative descriptive to analyze the data. The survey was carried out by distributing questionnaires through whatsapp groups and google forms. The primary data were taken from 340 participants' responses, consists of 213 female respondents and 127 male respondents, representing Madrasah Aliyah population in West Java, both public and privates. This study used types of data, namely knowledge, attitudes and actions. The result revealed that science e-learning had been implemented in the Madrasah Aliyah in West Java. However, the availability of science e-learning facilities, the mastery of the science e-learning facilities, and the science e-learning process in the public schools were better than the private ones. Generally, students in both types of Islamic schools stated science e-learning was not more interesting than normal learning. However, the majority understood the lessons and had chances to participate actively during the learning process. This paper suggested e- learning platforms be more interesting than normal learning so that science e-learning activities will be more meaningful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As technology grows rapidly, education will always get the impact. Research to obtain an attractive way to teach and learn has been emerged due to application of technology. Digital game-based learning is one of many ways to teach in a fun way. Role playing game (RPG), as a part of digital game- based learning, can be implemented to be used in modern class. This study aims to explore how far RPG was developed to be implemented to aid teachers teaching mathematics. Data was obtained from scientific journal, proceeding article, books, and other related sources. The result shows that RPG can be used to provide motivational boost and attitude toward learning mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blended learning combines face-to-face and online learning, this innovation gives students the opportunity for various levels of interactive learning so that it is far more varied and effective. Mixed learning approaches for environmental chemistry courses are presented. This paper tries to see how the patterns of students in implementing learning in blended learning, try to find out what kind of learning media they like and how they access it. There are twenty-nine students who participate in environmental chemistry courses. Mapping patterns using a qualitative approach. Traditional lectures were replaced by online learning packages, which were supported by formative on-line assessments and presented various learning content activities including, videos, e-books, sharing, and animation media to facilitate the learning process. This study collects participant behavior during a mixed learning course. in addition this article tries to identify interactions between the duration when participants enter the class, access content and final results. A significant pattern was found between the amount of content access and the results of the final test, where participants with low access did not have better results than participants who had high access. Media with too much text such as leaflets are not liked by participants, media with animations and illustrations such as animated videos are very popular and have high access. According to the test results and the number of access to online courses can prove that the level of access will affect the effectiveness of the course in blended learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As online learning and the use of learning management systems grows rapidly, large amounts of educational data are made available for learning analytics. Data visualization plays an important role within learning analytics, as it generates complex analysis and data into a visual representation for easy comprehension by the user to support better decision-making among stakeholders (e.g. students, educators, administrators). The purpose of this paper is to review the existing studies to provide an overview of data visualization in learning analytics within the educational communities. First we analyze the use of data visualization and learning analytics purposes in the contexts of its stakeholders. Second, we examine the relationship between data visualization and learning analytics in the development of learning management systems and then we discuss the challenges found. A systematic literature review was conducted based on the research keywords from reputable databases and 62 journal articles published from 2011 to 2021 were identified. The results from this review suggest there is an indispensable synergetic relationship between data visualization and learning analytics for successful learning management systems. Also there is a lack of studies that consider data visualization and learning analytics from the technological theories perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of digital technologies in the system of higher professional education has both positive and negative aspects. The requirements for digital resources and their implementation technologies have been developed and discussed for more than 20 years. The impact of digital technologies on learning outcomes, attracted great attention during the almost mass transition to on-line training in Russia in Spring of 2020. The paper considers two aspect of this problem: the current structure and use of electronic resources and the organizational issues of the educational process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we present the problem of improving math e-learning for engineering students. In a post-industrial society, the importance of mathematical education for engineers is increasing. Distance technologies change the format of teacher-student interaction. It is difficult for a lecturer to identify gaps in knowledge if they do not use a survey of students about their learning. This paper presents a system of statements to identify problems that students encounter when solving test tasks and cases. There are two types of statements about test tasks with a choice of one answer and test tasks with a numerical answer. The results of the survey determine the requirements for the system of educational tasks to improve the effectiveness of distance learning for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Common opinion of educators in engineering education is the need for innovations in existing teaching and learning strategies by implementing the latest achievements of information and communication technologies (ICT) supporting teaching, learning and assessment processes. As employers’ requirements are constantly increasing, graduates need to get used to evolve and develop their skills for acquiring knowledge, independent learning, critical thinking, innovation competence, networking, creativity, effective time management. Online teaching and learning forms provide nowadays this opportunity. The TeSLA system as an innovative enhancement of virtual learning environments, provides students and teachers with the opportunity for trust-based eAssessment process with guaranteed quality, thus completing the online learning triad. Current paper shares the innovation results for teaching and assessment practices based on the experience gained by the Technical university of Sofia (TUS) when performing eAssessment in engineering courses supported by the TeSLA authentication and authorship analysis system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

eAssessment of students in engineering courses is specific due to the nature of the teaching, learning and examination process in technical education in general. Students need to write program codes, design electronic schemes, solve mathematical problems, analyze performance of engineering devices, describe solutions graphically, etc. Online assessment has to support the correct authentication of the examinee for guaranteeing trusted online examination process. The TeSLA eAuthentication and authorship analysis system provides a variety of biometric instruments for students’ authentication. Current paper aims to analyze the results of the application of combinations of TeSLA authentication instruments in different engineering and fundamental courses and assessment activities during the pilots of the system conducted at the Technical University of Sofia. The experience gained can be implemented for ensuring trustworthy eAssessment process for students in other engineering courses and assessment activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elementary school teachers in the digital era must be competent in developing learning media based on ICT equipment, which is one of the skills in ICT competencies. ICT-based learning media development competency is important for elementary school teachers because students' learning needs and styles in this age have shifted due to digitalization. Unfortunately, not all teachers possesses this competency and not all teachers is good at it. One of the reasons for this is that teachers have not received good training in developing pedagogical skills for the digital era. Considering the importance of ICT competencies, this research was carried out to determine what elementary school teachers need skills in developing learning media in this digital age. This study implemented a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 160 teachers in urban and rural areas in Indonesia. The results of this study are a list of skills needed by elementary school teachers to have good ICT competencies, especially in developing learning media that suit the digital era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital teaching transformation is inevitable. The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world in early 2020 accelerated the digitization process. Since face-to-face activities are a high-risk activity for transmitting the Covid-19 virus, almost all sectors switch to the digital world simultaneously. Education is one of the priority activities that has been affected by the Covid-19 in Indonesia since the government decided to limit community mobilization by closing public facilities, including schools. Both formal and informal schools apply distance learning, named Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh, including music schools. Almost all music schools had never use digital teaching method. Both teachers and students need to make adaptations, which relies heavily on understanding to use technology. Teachers also need to adapt to new pedagogical concepts and ways of delivering digital teaching so that teaching goals can still be achieved. Fortunately after more than a year of doing it, it turns out that it can be done well. The authors use the observation method in the two music schools in Jakarta, Andante Music School and YPM Music School. In addition, the authors also use literature studies and in-depth interview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In learning the digital era of the 21st century or known as the era of disruption and the Industrial Revolution 4.0 which carries artificial intelligence, of course, it cannot immediately replace a person's human character. Therefore, it is very important to include the content of humanist literacy education in language learning to form a humanist character in order to create a superior generation. The purpose of this study is to describe the literature on the implementation of humanist literacy education in the content of language learning materials in secondary and primary schools in the digital era of the 21st century by using an interpersonal rhetoric approach. This research method used descriptive qualitative method with the type of library research model of nine steps from Mary W. George. The results of this study provided descriptive examples of the implementation of humanist literacy education on the content of learning materials in Indonesian language and the regional language at the secondary and primary schools in the digital era of the 21st century using the strategy communication of language teaching in the approach of interpersonal rhetoric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to see what factors affect the effectiveness to improve E-learning learning. The research population is students who have used E-Learning learning. Data was collected using a questionnaire for 200 students used as PLS-SEM subjects for analysis. The findings show that perceived behavioral control has no significant effect on using E-learning technology. Meanwhile, other results identify that all variables affect the intention to use technology and the effectiveness of E-Learning. Implications for universities by improving learning E-learning can facilitate students to be more effective. Besides that, it also provides guidelines for universities to improve factors that influence intentions so that E-Learning users can be maximized. E-learning has a new contribution to digital learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. They integrated E-Learning technology by looking at interrelated relationships to create factors that need to be improved in effective learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classroom-based, face-to-face interactive teaching has been a conventional system for decades in higher education. Due to the spread of COVID-19, universities were forced to halt their educational programmes. As a result of integrating technology and education, e-learning has become a vital learning medium. As e-learning becomes progressively essential in education, there has been a significant increase in e-learning courses and programmes. E-learning systems play a critical role in today's educational landscape and must be evaluated to ensure decisive delivery, pragmatic use, and a positive impact on learners. As a result of this extensive review of the existing literature and the development of a comprehensive model, different rates of success can be linked to different factors. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the User Satisfaction Model (USM) were both used to support our findings. PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modelling) was used to analyze data from 352 students who were participating in an e-learning course. Using this model, the study describes how learners' self-regulation mechanisms and attitudes, variations in temperament, and extrinsic considerations such as technical assistance, development preparation, and usability of facilities influence the perceived ease of use and perceived value of electronic learning programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Flipbook based on digital literacy and the digital literacy ability of learners in learning the volume of blocks and cubes with units in class V of SDN Lemahireng 05. This study is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach and case study design. To obtain data on Flipbook-based digital literacy using observation techniques, questionnaires, and interviews. Questionnaires are given to class V learners who have operated Flipbook. The validity of the data through interviews with 5 learners in depth. Data analysis techniques use the Miles and Huberman model through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Seeing the development of technology in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 that turned individuals into digital literacy. Digital literacy is a key skill in education today. Digital literacy is very important to be applied in learning, one of which is mathematics in the volume of blocks and cubes with units. Digital literacy-based flipbooks can help learners understand mathematics and think critically in accessing relevant information. The results of this study showed that learners have good digital literacy skills with flipbook assistance in learning the volume of blocks and cubes with units. Implementation of Flipbook based on digital literacy in the learning of volume blocks and cubes with units through the stages of planning, implementation of learning, and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in mid-February 2020, the Indonesian government called for solutions to its spread, including the Ministry of Education and Culture which ordered education authorities or providers to carry out online learning from home so that the online learning system has become a policy in Indonesia. This also has an impact on changes in the creative industry, UP_CYCLE Rustic Wood, which carries out technological transformation in the aspects of design innovation and E-Commerce. This study aims to (1) describe the phenomenon of the e-learning paradigm shift in the world of education and design innovation strategies on Rustic Wood UP-CYCLE Products in Indonesia, (2) describe how to implement an e-learning-based self-learning system, (3) how the process technological transformation on UP-CYCLE Rustic Wood Products during the Covid-19 pandemic. As qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, data were collected from various events, participants, findings in the field, literacy, coding process, analysis and representation, criteria of trust and authenticity, and reflection of researchers with several perspectives. The results of the study show that (1) the Covid-19 pandemic phenomenon has shifted the paradigm of an independent e-learning system in Indonesia, (2) an e-learning-based self-learning system that has been implemented as a strategic policy of the government in dealing with Covid-19 cases, and (3) Technology transformation process strategy for UP-CYCLE Rustic Wood Products during the Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]