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The prevention of historical values of the medieval old-town centre of Toruń has a strong basis nowadays, especially after it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1997. Like many other historic cities, it has experienced a lot of transformations throughout the centuries. The old town of Toruń still has an authentic urban structure, but the prevention of its neighbourhoods needs relevant considerations on how to conduct with this unique tangible cultural heritage. These former outskirts of the city have been maintained as a place for fortifications and other military facilities for a long period. Since medieval times, it has experienced many changes until now. Probably the most important one was made after the First World War. Fortunately, town authorities decided at that special moment of history to follow the widespread idea of creating a green belt in the city centre. Of course, it was not so new then, because it had already been realised in many towns around the world, for instance in Vienna or Cracow to mention just a few. In the case of Toruń, this action served as a kind of buffer zone connecting the centre with the surrounding suburbs. Besides a transport avenue, the urban plan assumed mainly greenery places there, which should rarely be built up with new public utility buildings. A modern idea of creating a green belt around the city centre of Toruń, which evolved in the first half of the 20th century, challenges nowadays' needs today, which provide for discussion on its further development. The public space outside a ring of former city walls meets increasing investment pressure. Can it be called sustainable development? It becomes difficult after taking a closer look at what has happened during the last decades. It seems that also in the discussed public areas there is a strong temptation to use free space to build it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevention of historical values of the medieval old-town centre of Toruń has a strong basis nowadays, especially after it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1997. Like many other historic cities, it has experienced a lot of transformations throughout the centuries. The old town of Toruń still has an authentic urban structure, but the prevention of its neighbourhoods needs relevant considerations on how to conduct with this unique tangible cultural heritage. These former outskirts of the city have been maintained as a place for fortifications and other military facilities for a long period. Since medieval times, it has experienced many changes until now. Probably the most important one was made after the First World War. Fortunately, town authorities decided at that special moment of history to follow the widespread idea of creating a green belt in the city centre. Of course, it was not so new then, because it had already been realised in many towns around the world, for instance in Vienna or Cracow to mention just a few. In the case of Toruń, this action served as a kind of buffer zone connecting the centre with the surrounding suburbs. Besides a transport avenue, the urban plan assumed mainly greenery places there, which should rarely be built up with new public utility buildings. A modern idea of creating a green belt around the city centre of Toruń, which evolved in the first half of the 20th century, challenges nowadays' needs today, which provide for discussion on its further development. The public space outside a ring of former city walls meets increasing investment pressure. Can it be called sustainable development? It becomes difficult after taking a closer look at what has happened during the last decades. It seems that also in the discussed public areas there is a strong temptation to use free space to build it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For urban environmental managers confronting the considerable challenges and impacts of both rapid urbanization and climate change, improving cities' walking environments has emerged as an important sustainable development strategy. The thermal comfort of the walking environment is a key factor that affects its frequency of use and users' satisfaction. For that reason, the shade provided by elevated railways has often been taken into account by those planning sustainable urban green belts and walking spaces. However, academic research on thermal comfort is rare and has mostly focused on indoor environments. Accordingly, this study uses wet-bulb globe temperature to evaluate a particular area of green space under a railway overpass, in terms of the factors driving urban pedestrians' thermal comfort in this outdoor environment. The results indicate that the amount of shade, greening, and ventilation are influential factors on walkers' thermal comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) has a total land area approximately 2,095 km2. The current population of the city, including the number of visitors, is 10 millions. As a result, the urban structure is overloaded and has sprawled into suburbs without having adequate infrastructure. The overall aim of this paper is to review the resilient city theory to apply to the context of HCMC and address some of the emerging problems related to climate change and sustainable development for 'suburban areas of HCMC'. Based on the identified problems, the authors propose a modified and holistic approach method on developing a strategy framework for resilient HCMC suburban areas. Suburban regions surrounding cities are subjected to severely affected by any changes from urban. It is important to explore solutions to increase the resilience of vulnerable communities, the poor and urban peripheries. This strategy includes recommendations for policy initiatives to improve social-ecological resilience through planning for climate change, specifically in improving governance mechanism, sustainable strategy for ecosystem services in land use planning, green belt, green infrastructure and urban village. Hence, the paper objectives are: (1) Analyzing the context of the suburban areas in Ho Chi Minh City following resilient urban theories; (2) Developing a conceptual framework for suburban development issues in the development context and strategy framework for increased resilience in the suburban areas. In 2020, Thu Duc city was established, than the administrative boundary of Hochiminh City includes 1 city, 16 districts and 5 districts outside the city. The city is developed in many directions with an inner city radius of up to 15 km. The city develops multi-center in 02 main directions: East (Thu Duc City), sea - Southeast and two secondary development directions are Northwest and Southwest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traffic as the tertiary industry is an important pillar industry to support the normal development of the economy. But now China's road traffic development and economic development has shown a great imbalance and fault phenomenon, which greatly inhibited the normal development of China's economy. Now in many large and medium-sized cities in China are implementing green belt construction. The so-called green band is when the road conditions to meet the conditions for the establishment of the green band, the sections of the intersection of several planning to a traffic coordination control system, so that when the driver at a specific speed can be achieved without stopping the continuous Through the intersection. Green belt can effectively reduce the delay and queuing length of vehicle driving, the normal function of urban roads and reduce the economic losses caused by traffic congestion is a great help. In this paper, the theoretical basis of the design of the coordinated control system is described. Secondly, the green time offset is calculated by the analytic method and the green band is established. And then the VISSIM software is used to simulate the traffic system before and after the improvement. Finally, the results of the two simulations are compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]