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Chili production in Indonesia is fluctuating due to the complex of pests and diseases including Thrips, mites, yellow leaf curl virus, and Fusarium wilt. Farmers mainly rely on pesticides in solving the problem, which leads to becoming the source of new problems. Numerous efforts have been made to find alternative methods to control those unwanted organisms, including crop immunization using particular crops. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of leaf extract of pagoda flowers and spiny amaranth to induce chili resistance against unwanted organisms and suppress pests' development. The research, arranged in Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and five replicates, was conducted in Bocek village, Karangploso sub-district, Malang Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia from April to August 2019. The treatments were: P1 ('Proliga'+Pagoda flower leaf extract), P1 ('Proliga'+spiny amaranth leaf extract), P2 (farmer technological package Malang Regency), P3 (farmer technological package from Blitar Regency), and P4 (check plot of no control measure application). The leaf extracts were sprayed on the chili seedling in the nursery. The highest pest control efficacy was recorded on the application of spiny amaranth leaf extract in controlling mites (P. latus), Thrips sp., viruses, and Fusarium wilt attacks that reached up to 86.15%, 85.17%, 89.09%, and 89.05% respectively compared to check plot. While the lowest efficacy was recorded on the use of Pagoda flower leaf extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper adopts a very convenient 3D CAD method to quickly assess the seismic vulnerability of existing masonry towers. The study selected five typical collapse mechanisms, vertical splitting, base rocking, overturning with diagonal cracks (according to Heyman's approach on tilting towers), a combination of splitting and diagonal overturning and base sliding. The Zhongjiang South pagoda in China is selected as the research case. Basing on the principle of virtu-al works, assuming that masonry behaves as a small cohesion and frictional material, the collapse acceleration is calculat-ed with a direct manual procedure. The research results show that vertical splitting is the easiest collapse mechanism to appear, which is in full compliance with the results of the on-site survey carried out after the Zhongjiang earthquake, fur-ther demonstrating the reliability of this method. Such approach does not require complex mathematical foundations, can be easily mastered by non-professionals, and at the same time greatly reduces the amount of simulations/calculations, a feature which is helpful for the promotion of seismic research of masonry structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper chose Longhu pagoda (built in 1342 A.D.) which is the only Yuan dynasty masonry pagoda in Si- chuan province of China as case study. According to the Italian Reference Guidelines for Built Heritage, the pagoda was modelled as a cantilever. With the help of Matlab code, try to take as input a generic cross-section and returns the 3D M-N domain of the given section. This tool was allows to compute the M-N domain for every cross-section shape and for every bending direction. It can simplify the structural calculation process and improve the efficiency of seismic calculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dâu Pagoda in Bắc Ninh Province's Thuận Thành district is one of the oldest Pagodas in Vietnam, built and developed for many centuries. This is a Pagoda with many cultural and religious values for Vietnamese Buddhism, with a combination of Buddhist thought and indigenous beliefs. Based on an interdisciplinary approach, the study proves that using information technology to preserve and promote the Dâu Pagoda, as well as other ancient temples and Buddhist Buddha statues in Vietnam, can offer several benefits in preserving and promoting the value of the country's traditional cultural heritage, including both tangible and intangible artifacts. Moreover, the preservation and promotion of these cultural heritages can also contribute to the promotion of and development of tourism and socio-economic development. The article proposes a model to preserve and promote the Dâu Pagoda with the help of technology in contemporary cultural life, thus creating a new approach in the application of information technology to preserves cultural heritage in Vietnam that has previously not received much attention from researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]