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Educators are working hard to adapt to new learning strategies to mitigate the epidemic's impact. Educators learn and adapt together as part of online teaching and learning. For the learning process to continue, teachers need to be more creative in online learning in the face of the pandemic. Learning at home through online learning may continue to satisfy students' learning goals to help them develop their abilities and interests as they advance through their educational levels. Using methodologies from the field of meta-analysis, the authors of this paper investigate and explain the implementation of various forms of online education throughout the pandemic, such as blended learning and e-learning. The aim is to see how online, blended, and e-learning affect learning outcomes. Based on research from many educational institutions, this study is limited to 2020 and 2021 in Indonesia during the pandemic. According to the value of effects of size 1.33, the utilization of online learning during times of pandemic substantially impacts the attainment of learning outcomes. Based on the ten papers evaluated, all studies showed a positive side effect, showing that online learning had a significant impact on motivation to learn during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Customer satisfaction is an essential measure that may be used to compare service performance obtained and expected by customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze lecturer satisfaction with an institution's performance using artificial intelligence approaches. The dataset was produced via observations and questionnaires distributed to instructors. The solution approach was data mining classification with the naive Bayes algorithm. In the analysis process, Rapidminer software is employed. Based on the results of the final test with the traits of Alertness (criterion 1), Empathy (criterion 2), Reliability (criterion 3), and Responsibility, the accuracy rate was 85.48 percent, with a Precision value of 81.08 percent and a Recall value of 93.75 percent (criterion 4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice is a strategic product that is vital to the food security of Indonesia. This is because rice is the primary food consumed daily by the majority of Indonesians. The fact that rice consumption accounts for 20.03 percent and 24.06 percent, respectively, of the urban and rural poverty lines demonstrates how dependent the Indonesian population is on this staple. This study aims to determine how trade and transportation margins for rice commodities in Indonesia vary by province. Trade and Transportation Margin is the difference between total sales value and total purchases value. Clustering Margin of Rice Commodity Trade and Transport is calculated using official data from the Central Bureau of Statistics for 2018-2020. The unsupervised learning technique with K-means as the algorithm is utilized to classify objects in each province. The findings of the study indicated that the K-means approach may be utilized to map the Trade and Transport of Rice Commodities by Province in Indonesia. The presence of nine provinces in the top cluster indicates that this province would generate a profit between 2018 and 2020. The value of the three suggested clusters was -1.026.1 We may conclude based on the DBI value that cluster 7 is the best in this investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, pneumatic transport, one of the devices performing the main tasks in the sequence of technological processes in cotton ginning enterprises, is studied, and the performance and main indicators of the equipment in the pneumatic transport system are given. Also, the productivity of the cotton transportation process in the pneumatic transport device, the transportation time, the share of cotton raw material in the internal volume of the air pipe during transportation, and the processes in the pneumatic transportation system were analyzed based on theoretical and practical experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to the traditional drying process, the drying intensity of layer drying of cotton raw materials under the influence of infrared radiation is higher, so the question of comparative analysis of the effect on fiber quality indicators arose. Therefore, a comparative test of drying methods S-6524, Porloq-2, and Andijan-36 selection grade, industrial grade I and II, with a moisture content of 10.5% and 12.4%, respectively, was carried out at the Beshbola cotton refinery in Fergana city and the laboratory stand under the influence of infrared radiation based on functional ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Layer dryers have not received wide practical application due to the unsatisfactory operation of transport devices and the uneven drying of cotton over the thickness of the layer due to the use of high temperatures. These issues are solved with the application of drying under the influence of infrared radiation on the basis of functional ceramics. However, at the same time, the issue of providing the necessary thickness of raw cotton during layer-by-layer drying remains unresolved. The article obtained formulas for calculating the main parameters of an infrared dryer, developed patterns for drying raw cotton, established relationships showing the processes of heat transfer between radiation and raw materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) pericarp was extracted to obtain the best antioxidant activity extract using the MAE method. The results obtained were extracts with a yield value of 14.306 % w/w dried mangosteen pericarp powder could scavenge the activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) until 61.758 % for 20µg/ml extract. The extract was obtained using 95 % ethanol as the solvent and a solid-solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v), an operating temperature of 70 °C, a power of 450 W, and an irradiation time of 6 min. The effect of using single-layer and double-layer solvents was also studied. Ethanol (EtOH), isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) were used as single layer solvents. Meanwhile, a double-layer system was created by mixing water and EtOAc, and the effect of adding EtOH or IPA to the double-layer system was investigated. Double-layer solvents produce extracts that are in bottom and top layers. At an operating temperature 60 °C, solid-solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v), a power of 450 W, and a radiation time of 6 min, the best extract was obtained from the bottom layer solvent of EtOH:EtOAc:water 1:2:2 (v/v/v) with a yield value of 14.670 % and % DPPH inhibition was 57.437 for a concentration of 20 µg/ml extract. Meanwhile, under these working conditions, the extract from EtOH solvent was only 53.729 and pure α-mangostin was only 24.737 scavenging the DPPH activity for a concentration of 20 µg/ml. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A plate construction with holes is often utilized in engineering and is commonly found in lightweight (airplane) structures. 3D printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) plate with a hole is potential to use in lightweight (airplane) structures. It's essential to comprehend the stress concentration of 3D printed PLA plates and even the stress behavior around the hole. This study calculates the stress concentration factor of the flat and curved PLA plate structures printed using 3D printing and studies the stress features surrounding holes of the plate structure. ANSYS was used to create the flat and curved plate with holes of 40 mm, 20 mm, and 10 mm in diameter. With a 2.5 N/mm2 applied load to the plate, such models were put through finite element analysis and simulations using ANSYS to investigate the maximum stress in the longitudinal direction, which was then likened to the theoretical result using the analytical technique. The Stress Concentration Factor (Kt) vs. Plate Diameter graph indicates that the stress concentration factor increases with decreasing diameter. The stress versus diameter graph for elements with dimensions of 5 mm, 4 mm, and 2 mm compares the maximum stress between analysis methods and finite element analysis. The result shows that the smaller the hole diameter for the flat and curved plate, the higher the stress concentration factor. The maximum stress is demonstrated to be decreasing as the hole gets smaller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the scientific literature, there is not enough information on changes in the heat and humidity states of raw cotton and its components in the processing process. In the article, based on the results of experimental and theoretical studies, the regularities of changes in the heat and humidity states of raw cotton and its components during pneumatic transportation are established depending on the initial humidity of raw cotton, the drying mode, the productivity of the drying drum, the temperature of atmospheric air, as well as changes in the porosity of cotton during transportation using the methods of the theory of mixture motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main issues in the organization of the drying process is the removal of moisture without adversely affecting the quality of the material, the effectiveness of which depends on the nature of the effect of the drying agent on the components of raw cotton, temperature, the intensity of heating and moisture reduction of the components. The article deals with the issues of increasing the efficiency of drying, based on comparative analyses of the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the influence of various options for drying cotton on the quality of its components, in the amount of moisture from the mass of raw cotton of different sizes at variable temperatures, in unmixed and cyclically mixed modes with continuous and cyclic exposure to hot air, with recommendations to improve the efficiency of drying and cotton in the drying drum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chitin is a microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecule in fungal cell wall that functions as elicitor which induces immune response in plants. Plants have its own defence system to protect itself from any invasion of pathogens. Chitin Elicitor Binding Protein (CEBiP) is one of the plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that will detect the presence of the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activate plant defence system. In this study, we used Oryza sativa variety UKMRC9 to study the function of Chitin Elicitor Binding Protein (CEBiP) gene in plant immune system. The sample was extracted and amplified using the primer that were specifically designed for CEBiP based on the full gene sequence obtained from MSU Rice Genome Annotation Project database. The sample then was transformed into pGEM-T cloning vector. The plasmid construct of vector pCAMBIA 1305.2 was completed using PmII and BstEII as the restriction enzyme. The sequencing results of pGEM-T-CEBiP-RC9 obtained are subjected to multiple sequence alignment and the generation of a phylogenetic tree. Analysis obtained from BLAST shows that CEBiP UKMRC9 has 100% identity with four sequences from NCBI database with high query coverage. Multiple sequence alignment also shows that there are some nucleotides that have been inserted and deleted (indels) in the amplified sequence. Pairwise alignment indicates high similarity between CEBiP UKMRC9 and Chitin elicitor binding protein [Oryza sativa Japonica Group], PREDICTED: chitin elicitor-binding protein [Oryza sativa Japonica Group], Chain A, Crystal Structure of Oscebip, Chain A, and Crystal Structure of Oscebip Complex in BLAST. Results from phylogeny analysis places CEBiP UKMRC9 under the same clade with Oryza sativa cv Nipponbare CEBiP MSU. Even within the graminaceae, there is cladal separation of organisms based on genus and species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]