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Geopolymer concrete is gaining prominence as a viable substitute for conventional cement concrete within the construction sector, offering potential benefits for reducing carbon footprint. However, extensive research is needed to fully understand its properties and mechanisms. This study investigates the use of bagasse ash in GPC production, assessing the possibility of incorporating Sugarcane ash as a component. Casts of geopolymer concrete were formed, and an assessment was conducted to evaluate both their fresh and hardened characteristics. The research aims to determine the optimal balance between workability and strength parameters while minimizing the utilization of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS). Aura mix super plasticizer was employed to enhance GPC's workability. After 28 days of sun curing, the findings indicated a positive impact with a maximum replacement of 30 percent of bagasse ash. However, more increments resulted in a reduction in hardness properties compared to standard concrete. The study highlights the importance of optimizing the replacement ratio to achieve a balance between environmental benefits and structural integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focused on the performance of concrete which contains the sugarcane bagasse ash. Because of increase in population, agricultural waste production also increasing and disposal of these waste materials is necessary task, because if we leave carelessly, it's harmful to the environment. Those waste materials like Rice Husk, Sugarcane Bagasse, nut shells, coconut coir etc, after processing in special manners used for various works as per their properties will give fruitful results in economic and environmental aspects. Sugarcane Bagasse Ash was generated by different combustion processes, this as contains huge amount of silica. A reference mix of M40 grade was used to understand the effect of SCBA in it, by partially replacing cement with SCBA. Durability properties are tested along with the Strength and Workability of different composition of SCBA like 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% was and those mixes are denoted from M2 to M6 whereas M1 is used to represent the reference Mix. In this experimental work it got cleared that increment of SCBA increases the workability and strength was improved by 15.38% for 10% replacement. Sorptivity and Water Absorption increases with negligible increment along with the replacement percentage cement with SCBA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recycling and utilizing waste products are two efficient ways to handle a wide variety of garbage. The current study focuses on making concrete with rubber tyres instead of cement and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) instead of coarse material. This experiment examines the results of tests on the incorporation of recycled tyres and SCBA into concrete for prospective applicationswithin the construction sector, considering the rising amounts and challenges associated with the disposal of SCBA and rubber tyre waste. SCBA contains significant amounts of amorphous silica and aluminium ions. For experimental studies, Sakthi Sugars Private Limited in Aapakoodal, Tamil Nadu, provides sugarcane bagasse ash and information on its chemical properties. Regular Portland cement was changed out for SCBA in percentages of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight. The results showed that a 10% addition of SCBA to concrete significantly boosted the strength of the mixture. In 2008, the yearly production of end-of-life tyres (ELTs) was over one billion. The suggestion suggests that rubber tyres can be disposed of by serving as coarse aggregate in concrete. Tyres must be slash into small pieces no bigger than 20 mm in order to be utilized as coarse aggregate. It was used to substitute for 15% of the ordinary gravel. The concrete grade used in this investigation is M40. Tests were conducted in accordance with the various IS norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concrete is the proportionate mix of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water. High performance concrete (HPC) is widely used in high rise buildings, bridge decks, foundations due to its advantages of less thermal shrinkage, attainment of early strength, high serviceability, low permeability etc. A high strength of 60 MPA and above, low porosity, good place-ability in the reinforcement is necessary for HPC. The paper discusses the production of HPC designed following the guidelines of ACI 211. Performance of sugarcane bagasse ash as a supplementary cementitious material along with silica fume to attain high strength and durability are analysed by respective tests. Production of HPC from industrial waste (SCBA) which is ecologically efficient and economically feasible which reduces the porosity of concrete and forms thick dense concrete. Sugarcane bagasse ash is waste from sugar factory, is collected and pre-treated by heating at 600 °C for 2 hours, followed by ball milling to enhance the material properties. Its performance is studied by replacing in 2.5,5,7.5 and 10% with cement(w/W) to produce a target strength of 60MPa. Compressive and tensile strength revealed that SCBA can be effectively replaced up to 10% to attain higher strengths. SCBA can produce durable concrete as it observed to increase a resistance to water absorption at all replacement levels. It is also durable in acid environment like HCl which carries key deteriorating ions like Cl-into the concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review investigates the possible usage of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) as just a partial replacement of cement into concrete. The utilization of SCBA in concrete not only addresses the disposal problem of the sugarcane bagasse but also reduces the carbon footprint of concrete production. The review examines the impact of SCBA on the compressive strength, workability, and durability of concrete. The findings show that the partial replacement of cement with SCBA up to a certain percentage increases the concrete's strength as well as enhances its workability. The review also discusses the impact of SCBA on the long-term durability of concrete. It is observed that the use of SCBA in concrete reduces the permeability of concrete, thus enhancing its durability against chemical attacks and water penetration. Furthermore, the review addresses the cost-effectiveness of using SCBA in concrete. It was seen that its utilization of SCBA inside the concrete could lower the overall cost of concrete production, thus making it an attractive option for future sustainable construction. In conclusion, the review provides insights into the potential usage of SCBA as just a partial replacement of cement into concrete as well as their influence upon that strength, workability, but also durability of the concrete. It highlights the potential benefits of utilizing SCBA into concrete, making it a promising alternative for sustainable construction in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of inorganic plastic packaging waste has increaseh, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Inorganic plastic packaging tends to be in demand because it is flexible, strong and light. However, excessive use creates serious environmental problems. To overcome the excessive use of plastic packaging, biodegradable trays were developed as an alternative to inorganic plastic packaging. Biodegradable tray is an environmentally friendly packaging material made from starch. Starch is an ideal base material because it is a natural polymer source, renewable and capable of being degraded naturally. This study aims to determine the effect of the type of starch and the addition of natural fiber filler on the characteristics of the resulting biodegradable tray. Bagasse fiber is used as a filler to improve the mechanical properties of the biodegradable tray. The biodegradable tray was made by baking at a temperature of 125 oC for three hours using sago starch and corn starch. Bagasse fiber was added with concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%. The biodegradable tray analysis carried out were water absorption, density decomposition and tensile strength tests. The best of sago starch based biodegradable tray was obtained at 10% fiber concentration with a tensile strength value of 3.1086 MPa, water absorption capacity of 4.69%, biodegradability of 50.57% and density of 1.1044 gram/cm3. The best results of corn starch-based biodegradable trays were obtained at a fiber concentration of 15% with a tensile strength value of 2.9812 MPa, water absorption capacity of 3.61%, biodegradability of 50.57% and density of 0.9114 gram/cm3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis and application of TiO2/activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse for photocatalytic degradation of batik wastewater treatment was carried out by varying the material, both adsorbent (activated carbon) and photocatalyst (TiO2/activated carbon with H2O2 and without H2O2) in the process of reducing the concentration of batik waste. In the synthesized TiO2/activated carbon material, Ti-O vibrations were identified at 502.52 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra and having TiO2 peaks with a rutile phase at 2-the 27.515°, 36.154°, 41.309°, and 54,426° successive plane (110); (101); (111); (211). The peak corresponds to JCPDS TiO2 rutile number 21-1276. The decrease in the concentration of batik waste with activated carbon occurred by adsorption with a decrease in the concentration of batik waste by 18.6%. The decrease in the concentration of batik waste with TiO2 assisted by H2O2 experienced optimum conditions in the 15th minute with a decrease in the concentration of batik waste by 90.43%. The photodegradation process of batik waste using activated carbon, TiO2/activated carbon and TiO2/activated carbon with H2O2 does not affect the bond vibration of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerogel nanoparticles which originated from organic silica in bagasse ash are unique because the silanol groups present on the silica surface can be replaced with other functional groups according to the application. Another uniqueness of the aerogel nanoparticles is the large surface area and pore structure, thus making the aerogel suitable as a sensory material. The combination of the ability to adsorb and the addition of electromagnetic properties can make this material useful as a sensor. In this research, we focused on the optimization of the synthesis of aerogel-based sensors by doping nickel (Ni) nanoparticles to create a highly sensitive and selective sensor material. The synthesis of aerogel nanoparticles was carried out using ambient pressure and alkaline extraction under atmospheric conditions. The aerogel was doped by replacing the silanol group (Si-OH) with Ni. The synthesized Ni-doped aerogel possesses a combination of microporous, mesoporous, and macroporous structures which contributed to its high pore density, pore volume, and surface area. The Ni-doping provides an electromagnetic effect that enhanced the sensory properties on the surface of the aerogel. The findings suggest that the Ni-doped aerogel is a promising material for a sensor application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the influence of bagasse ash and terrazyme (Bio-enzyme) on the geotechnical characteristics of soil of black cotton through compaction tests, unconfined compression strength (UCC) tests, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests. The results reveal that adding bagasse ash and terrazyme alters the soil optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD). Increasing percentages of bagasse ash and terrazyme lead to an increase in OMC and a decrease in MDD; however, beyond certain percentages, further increases result in an increase in MDD and a decline in OMC. Moreover, including bagasse ash and terrazyme significantly enhances the UCC of the Soil. The optimal stabilization percentages are determined as 6% bagasse ash and 1.2 ml of terrazyme per 2 kg of Soil, with the UCC reaching 4250.15 kPa after 21 21-day curing period. Additionally, the bagasse ash and terrazyme content have a notable impact on the CBR of the Soil, with treated Soil showing improved CBR values compared to untreated Soil. Overall, the findings demonstrate the positive effects of bagasse ash and terrazyme in enhancing the geotechnical properties of black cotton soil, making them promising additives for soil stabilization applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since clayey soils are highly plastic therefore they are unstable for the purpose of construction. These soils continuously keep on changing temporarily or permanently once they come in contact with water. Soil stabilization is a process of enhancing the properties of soil especially from engineering point of view. This literature review scientifically scrutinizes the functioning features of clayey soils made using industrial wastes such as lime, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag(GBFS) and bagasse ash. The organized exploration was incorporated from Web of Science and SCOPUS by means of altered keywords, and 111paperworkshave been recognized. Following the screening and suitability progression in consistency with PRISMA guidelines, 30 papers have been chosen carefully and hence chosen to be assessed and explored. Here the working features of the soil keeping in view the physical properties, mechanical properties, durability criteria, microstructural examination, statistical examination, cost determination, etc. were scrutinized. Most of the studies using different industrial wastes in soil stabilization have seen to be emphasizing on determining the compressive strength, water absorption, Atterberg's Limits, strength and durability by wetting drying cycles. The PH, electrical conductivity, maximum dry density and optimum water content, thermal conductivity, tensile strength, and flexural strength have also been assessed in latest studies and recounted in this paper. The research papers used industrial wastes such as lime, GBFS, bagasse ash etc and conducted several tests for each of the materials like unconfined compressive strength(UCS), compressibility indices, Atterberg's limit, indirect tensile strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, California Bearing ratio(CBR) test, Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) test, SPC test, and many more tests and microstructural analysis during the stabilization of clayey soil via distinctive industrial wastes for advanced findings found to be short of in existing writings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recycling waste materials by incorporating them into cement offers a promising solution for producing high-quality concrete while addressing the issue of waste disposal. This approach is particularly beneficial because certain waste materials possess a strong and durable structure that cannot be effectively processed by conventional recycling methods, and they are generated in significant quantities. This study specifically investigates the utilization of construction waste materials, such as ceramics, glass, marble, and carbon, which are obtained through grinding processes. The aim is to assess the impact of incorporating these four materials separately into cement mortar mixtures at a replacement rate of 20% based on ASTM C311. The compressive strength of these mixtures was evaluated after 7 days. The test results revealed varying improvements depending on the replaced material, owing to the pozzolanic effect of the materials and their valuable role as a fine filler in mortar mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15) nanostructured material has been broadly utilized for various applications, including adsorption, separation, photocatalytic, and CO2 capture, owing to its intrinsic physicochemical properties. Several commercial silica precursors, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate and sodium silicate, have been utilized to develop SBA-15. Nevertheless, these commercial silica precursors are relatively expensive and non-environmental benign. Thus, the idea of synthesizing SBA-15 in a low-cost green approach has emerged by adopting silica-rich wastes as an alternative silica precursor. This review article reports the preparation of SBA-15 with various silica-rich wastes, including palm oil fuel ash, coal gangue, rice husk ash, sugarcane bagasse, leaf ash, and fly ash. Special attention has been devoted to the SBA-15's physicochemical properties, including surface area, well-defined porous architecture, and ability to incorporate metal atoms within the mesopores, making SBA-15 a promising material for various applications. The recent development of fibrous SBA-15 is also discussed owing to its improved physicochemical properties towards the applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellulose, highly abundant biopolymer biomass, offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. The conversion of cellulose to value-added chemicals occurs by breaking the cellulose β-1,4-glycosidic bonds via hydrolysis. Levulinic acid (LA), a very versatile building block that can be used as a precursor in polymers, resins, medicines, oxygenated fuel additives, and liquid biofuels, can be produced from cellulose. During acid hydrolysis, reaction temperature and substrate loading are frequently highlighted as important factors in the production of LA. As a result, this research aims to investigate both of these factors, especially the yield of LA. The reaction temperature and substrate loading were varied from 110-170 °C and 0.6-1.2 g respectively. The catalyst was synthesized using wet impregnation method to incorporate 20 wt.% SO 2-on silica-alumina (SiO2-Al2O2) and further characterized using Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The catalytic reaction was carried out in a batch reactor. According to the results obtained, it can be highlighted that the reaction temperature of 170 °C and 0.8 g of cellulose loading at a reaction time of 2 hrs were ideal for the reaction. The yield of LA was as high as 65.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the compressive strength and water absorption of sugarcane bagasse ash, an ingredient in the manufacture of paving blocks. The technique employed was lab experiment printouts that were 20 10 8 cm in size. In this investigation, the addition variations consisted of 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%. In this investigation, test ages of 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days were used, using a cement to sands ratio of 1:4. Using SNI-03-0691-1996 with reference to paving blocks. According to an analysis of the compressive strength test results at 28 days, the addition of 2.5% bagasse ash of 23.64 MPa produced the highest compressive strength, and the addition of 7.5% bagasse ash with of 18.43 MPa produced the lowest compressive strength. The test specimens with the addition of 10% bagasse ash showed the highest water absorption in the 28-days of 6.57%; in contrast, the test specimens with the addition of 2.5% bagasse ash showed the lowest water absorption of 3.27%. Any variation of the mixture that has samples that are 28 days and have a water absorption value of up to 6% meets the requirements of SNI-03-0691-1996 paving block quality B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shelter is the basic need for humans. To fulfill this essential need large amount of natural and manmade resources are required. The weather conditions decide the construction material and its strength. The brick is major filler material and it is strengthened by the different methods based on the material used. This paper discusses the strengthening process of bagasse ash brick and the impact of various parameters on the strength of brick. The compressive stress model was developed with bagasse ash weight percentage, the temperature of baking, and time for baking as input variables. The developed model was validated with the experimental results obtained. The maximum deviation observed between the model and experimental results was 19%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moulding products are commonly made from wood and synthetic adhesives. Wood is becoming scarce and expensive especially from the natural forests, while synthetic adhesives used in the wood industry are mainly made from petroleum-based that are not renewable and toxic. Therefore, utilization of substitute raw materials and natural adhesives was essential. In this work, moulding properties made from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) bagasse combined with alang- alang (Imperata cylindrica) leaves, sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) wood or bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) using a natural adhesive citric acid-sucrose were investigated. The objective of this work was to observe effect of different ratio of materials on the properties of moulding products. Ratios of sorghum bagasse to alang-alang leaves or sengon wood or bamboo were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100. Citric acid-sucrose with ratio of 50:50 by weight as adhesive was used at 20 weight percent of the total moulding weight. Raw materials and adhesives in powder form were mixed manually. The dumbbell-shaped moulding was prepared using a hot press machine at temperatures of 180, 200°C, with a pressure of 4 MPa for 10 minutes. The target board density was set at 1 g/cm3. Bending strength and dimensional changes due to cyclic test were determined. Results showed that increasing ratio of alang-alang leaves or sengon wood or bamboo decreased the bending properties and increased the dimensional changes. A pressing temperature of 200°C produces better moulding properties compared to 180°C. Ester linkage indicates that adhesive reacted with raw materials, resulting in good bonding mechanism. Mouldings with 100% Keller variety sorghum had the best properties. At the ratio of sorghum bagasse and other raw materials of 75:25, the moulding properties closed to sorghum bagasse only. Therefore, it is suggested to use a maximum of 25% of other materials when combined with sorghum bagasse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abundant boiler ash from biomass especially from sugarcane bagasse has great potential to be utilized as heavy metal adsorbent. In this study, the raw boiler ash (RBA) was modified into three condition treatments such as the alkali modified (AM), oxidized modified (OM), and modified with magnetite (MM). The detailed comparison of the physical and chemical properties of each modified boiler ash were characterized using Field emission – scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The percentage removal of each modified materials was investigated in batch systems with similar condition of the initial Hg(II) ions concentration (20 mg/L), pH (6), adsorbent dose (2 g/L), contact time (45 min) and room temperature. The results showed that modification RBA could affect to physical and chemical properties. Different surface morphology after treatment show in SEM image from compact structure to porous, clear flakes and small spherical particles that covering the flakes. Quartz (SiO2) become major mineral components of ash particles. The largest surface area and porosity became factor that contribute to the mercury sorption. The percentage removal of mercury adsorption for AM, OM and MM were 3.3, 2.3 and 3.6 times greater than RBA. Notably, modified fly ash could be considered as potential adsorbent materials applicable to wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microcrystalline cellulose has an essential role as one of the excipients in the pharmaceutical industry. The research was conducted over several years to examine the lignocellulosic materials by various methods to become alternative resources. This work aimed to study the characteristics of microcrystalline cellulose synthesized by microwave-assisted treatments from sugarcane bagasse. The production of microcrystalline cellulose from lignocellulosic material consists of three main processes, which are delignification, bleaching, and hydrolysis. This study focused on the characterization of the product from the hydrolysis process using hydrochloric acid (HCl) assisted by microwave which was performed at varied times (10-50 minutes), temperatures (80-90°C), HCl concentration (1-3M), and solid-liquid ratios (1:10-1:30). The crystallinity of the micro-cellulose produced was analysis by FTIR while the composition was analysed by the Chesson-Datta method. Through the treatments, microcrystalline cellulose was successfully synthesized from sugarcane bagasse. The highest crystallinity fraction of 58.67% was formed by hydrolysis using an HCl concentration of 3 M at 85°C for 40 minutes. Meanwhile, the lowest crystallinity fraction of 47.53% was formed at 3 M, 80°C for 30 minutes. This research also showed that 61.20% was the highest cellulose content and 3.99% was the lowest lignin content of sugarcane bagasse pulp, which was obtained at 3M, 85°C for 50 minutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sound-absorbing composite made of fiber from rice husk ash (RHA) and bagasse was produced using glutinous glue as a composite. The sound absorption coefficient (SAC) was measured according to ASTM E-1050 by the impedance tube method. The mechanical properties of natural fiber composites, such as thickness, in the bending test were analyzed for all samples according to ASTM D790M uses a three-point loading method. Statistical comparison of experimental data on mechanical properties of bending strength was carried out using four-way ANOVA consisting of glutinous glue, composition, compaction, and thickness with the aid of IBM SPSS Statistics version 26 Software. This study investigated the effect of noise absorption reduction and the mechanical properties of the bending strength of the composite. The results showed that the best sound absorption specimen was made with 70% bagasse and 30% RHA composite content, 10% glutinous glue, compaction 3:4, when pressed with a temperature in the mould of about 100 degrees Celsius, pressing time for 15 minutes, thickness 1.5 cm, the highest noise absorption peak at a frequency of 4.8 kHz with SAC is α = 0.58, bending test 4.98 MPa. The specimens are getting denser and thicker, the sound absorption is getting smaller, and the bending strength of the material is low. SAC can be achieved by selecting a fiber material with suitable physical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of natural fibers has the potential to replace synthetic fibers as composite materials. Rice husks and bagasse waste can be found in nature. The fiber has the potential to be a heat resistance composite. Because these natural fibers have silica content that can be used as an insulator. This study aims to evaluate the composition factors of composite materials and particles size. This study uses 3 compositions of material, among others 50% of rice husk and 50% of bagasse; 60% of rice husks and 40% of bagasse; 70% of rice husks and 30% of bagasse. And 3 levels of factors in particles size are used in this study, there are mesh 10, mesh 20, and mesh 30. The method that was used in this study is a factorial design completely randomized design experiment. The conductivity thermal testing uses a thermal conductivity machine. The result of the experiment is that each factor affects the heat resistance value. The highest heat resistance value is 22,40 ℃/W which is made from 70% of rice husks and 30% bagasse with particles size mesh 30. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A biocomposite material is derived from more than two constituent polymer materials, Initially, as raw materials (for instance-Agriculture and sugarcane waste) and other is named as binder (fungal, cordia myxa, resins) is used to combine the raw materials to create a strong and efficient Biocomposite material/object. In the present Review work, the significant objective is to develop a renewable and sustainable object by applying different bio-degradable raw materials like sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, saw dust, coir etc., and combining these raw materials with a bio-glue as a binder for the raw materials. The authors have presented and provides factual information regarding utilization of fungal mycelium as a binding agent. The fungal mycelium like Trametes Ochracae, Trametes Versicolor, Ganoderma sessile, Ganoderma Lucidum, and Pleurotus ostreatus are used like binders and the hyphal structure of mycelium spreads among the processed raw materials and binds all these materials to create an efficient, more flexible and strengthens the structure of the material which can replace other non-renewable hard objects like chair, bricks, cup and it can also increase the resistance of the Biocomposites material. Mycelium derived Biocomposites represents a potential sustainable lightweight alternative material due to their low energy consumption and supports sustainable development. The agricultural wastes can be used to prepare polymer composites made of the fiber for commercial applications and these can be a great marketing product too. Reducing the growing situations of global warming due to increase in the pollution and exhaustion of precious items which cannot be replaced has been the main objective of the article to create a sustainable Biocomposites material with mycelium with extra resistance abilities to the material which can be long lasting and eco-friendly. This review illustrates the preparation of Biocomposite material, different mechanical and physio-chemical properties of the material and their applications in manufacturing industries. Moreover, focused on comparative analysis of mycelium Biocomposites with other raw materials and different binding material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a world like today where people's dependence increases daily on materials like plastic and wood, their unstrained consumption created many detrimental impacts on the environment and human health. Over the past decades, pondering these concerns various efforts have been made in developing biocomposites that are derived from two words, bio-‗life' and composite-‗different' components meaning it formed by reinforcing two or more compatible components obtained from natural bioresources. Here, incorporating hydrocolloid gum like Cordia myxa with native agrowaste-based fibers such as sugarcane bagasse, and wheat straw, has created an astonishing position in the market and is known to evolve for global application. In used natural polymers, Cordia gum is a bioadhesive, which improves thermal, pasting, rheological, and textural properties. Agro-wastes polymer like bagasse and wheat straw have shown their incredibility in all waste materials. Many studies have given overviews of their biochemistry which mainly embrace cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin as principal polymers and have impressive effects on their respective physio-mechanical properties like high tensile strength, young modulus, hardness, elongation, flexure strength, density, melting point, surface tension, and crystallinity. Their raw material collection, preparation, and modification process make it selectively ideal as they fulfil all environmental sustainability criteria; eco-efficiency, green chemistry, and industrial ecology. The developed pinewood is heat, fungus resistant, and non-corrosive that can be molded into any derived form. Today, it became an ideal substituent that has a wide range of applications in the domestic sector, aerospace, building materials, circuit boards, paperboard, and automobiles. This review mainly highlights the credentials related to biocomposites formed from reinforcing natural resources like sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, and Cordia myxa fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In India, there is a huge buildup of industrial waste. These waste products, including sugarcane bagasse, marble dust, copper slag, rice husk, and eggshell, are widely used as partial replacements for cement and sand in concrete. Sugarcane-bagasse is the name given to the byproduct after sugarcane juice is extracted. The sugarcane bagasse ash is produced when the sugarcane bagasse is carefully burned at a specific temperature. The marble manufacturing industry produces marble dust in abundance. Sand and marble polishing waste both have physical and chemical qualities that are similar to those of marble powder used in construction. This research is based exclusively on experiments focusing on the partial replacement of FA and cement with wastes, BA, and MD in the M25 grade concrete mix. Replacement ratios adapted were 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Curing was done for 7 and 28 days. It was investigated how the partial replacement would affect mechanical qualities i.e. compressive and split-tensile strength. Observations demonstrated that the cement and fine aggregate replacement level of 10% resulted in thebest strength gain. The partial replacement of SCBA & MD for cement & fine aggregate improved mechanical strength in concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To The natural, bio-degradable features and chemical constituents of the sugarcane bagasse (SCB) have been attracting attention as a highly potential and versatile ingredient in composite materials. Eco-friendly and low-cost considerations have set the momentum for material science researchers to identify green materials that give low pollutant indexes. Biodegradable polyesters made from by-products of the sugarcane industry's aconitic, cinnamic, and glycerol can also be made from sugarcane and used as scaffolds for bone and skin tissue engineering. useful applications in controlled urea release fertilizers. The possibility of using sugarcane bagasse fibers as reinforcement in polymer matrix composites has been investigated. To make activated sugarcane bagasse biochar laced with nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in order to produce a fertilizer with the potential for slow nutrient release. Studies on the effects, capabilities, and uses of SCB in its natural state, changed forms, treated with the necessary chemicals and/or methods, combined with materials with different characteristics, and altered production processes. This research paper aims to provide a concise overview of the existing body of literature, which extensively investigates the potential applications and capabilities of SCB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this emerging modern world plastic usage has increased drastically. This plastic made a horrible affects to the nature. The sugarcane bagasse fiber natural material which is biodegradable and eco-friendly is the better option for the replacement of plastic material. The better way to get similar to plastic properties is to convert to composite material of reinforcement and matrix is sugarcane bagasse fiber material and PLA(poly lactic acid). Our observations is on the sugarcane bagasse material and with its mechanical properties like tensile strength, young's modulus, Elongation brake, failure strain, density and chemical properties like cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash and its surface modification techniques and mechanical properties of Sugarcane bagasse fiber and Polylactic acid (PLA). Bagasse/PLA composite material can be compatible and replace the synthetic polymer composites. Bagasse/PLA has the better properties with compared to only bagasse fiber. After the surface treatment techniques the properties of material will be stabilized. Addition of ESO (Epoxidized Soybean Oil) to the PLA/SCBF (poly lactic acid/ sugarcane bagasse fiber) composite the impact strength is increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Washing hands properly and correctly using soap is one of the activities that can prevent disease transmission. Used cooking oil can be used as a basic ingredient for making liquid hand soap by reducing the levels of free fatty acids and peroxide value using bio-adsorbent activated carbon of sugarcane bagasse. This study aims to determine the optimal KOH concentration and stirring time and its effect on the quality of used cooking oil liquid soap using bagasse bio adsorbent technology. The research method used is descriptive and experimental. The study used factorial RAL with two factors, namely concentration of alkali (KOH) (15%, 25%, 35%) and stirring time (60, 90, 120 minutes). Quantitative data analysis including water content, free alkaline residue, pH, viscosity, and foaming power using ANOVA. The test results for the characterization of used cooking oil liquid soap with bagasse bio adsorbent technology which successfully met SNI standards and showed the best value was the water content at 35% KOH concentration with stirring for 90 minutes (47.8%), free alkaline residue at 15 % KOH concentration with stirring 90 minutes (0.0043), pH at 15% KOH concentration with stirring 90 minutes (9.1), viscosity at 35% KOH concentration with 90 minutes stirring time (41.04 Pa.S) and foaming power at 35% concentration with stirring 90 minutes (5.8 cm). It can be concluded that there is an effect of KOH concentration and stirring time on the characteristics of the resulting soap and it can also be concluded that the liquid soap that has the best KOH concentration and stirring time is at a concentration of 15% and 90 minutes of stirring. This study also highlights bio adsorbent activated carbon bagasse as a promising agent in the pre-treatment of used cooking oil as a base for liquid hand washing soap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic has causes an increase in the amount of medical mask waste, and an alternative that can be done to reduce waste is using cloth masks with additional mask filters. The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of cloth masks with activated carbon filters in reducing pathogenic and increasing users' comfort level when using the mask. This research method was experimental research. The research design was a completely randomized design (CRD) with one treatment in the form of concentration variations activator of KMNO4, which are 5%, 10%, and 15%. Bacterial Filtration Efficiency and Pressure Drop test data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA on SPSS series 24 software and ImageJ software for the SEM test. The result of this research shows there is no significant (P value > 0,05) difference in each activator concentration variation. The activator with 15% concentration sample has the highest efficiency in filtering bacteria, which is 37.5%. The result of the pressure drop is there was no significant (P value > 0,05) difference between the three mask samples and the activator with 5% concentration sample is a mask sample with a mean of 3.675 mmH2O/cm2 (< 4.08 mmH2O/cm2). Based on the results of the study, cloth masks with activated carbon filter are considered less effective in reducing bacteria with a percentage of filtration ability below the ASTFM F2101-14 standard of 95%, and only mask with 5% concentration are comfortable enough to use, due to having a value below the EN14683 standard: 2019 which is < 4.08 mmH2O/cm2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continued heating of cooking oil will oxidize it and cause damage, leading to health problems. This study investigates the impact of bulk cooking oil treated with bagasse-activated carbon on the lipid profile of Rats. An experimental study with various concentrations was applied with blood serum as the samples from 20 male Sprague Dawley male rats. Waste cooking oil was purified with activated carbon made from bagasse and then given to Sprague Dawley white rats by oral gavage for seven days every morning and evening. At the end of rearing, the rats were euthanized, and blood was taken from the heart for blood serum and lipid profile analysis. The results showed that treatment group 1 had an average lipid profile that was closest to the negative control group with an average value of cholesterol (36.88 ± 2.24 mg dl−1), triglyceride (53.74 ± 2.01 mg dl−1), HDL (14.00 ± 1.13 mg dl−1), VLDL (10.75 ± 0.90 mg dl−1), and LDL (12.13 ± 0.90 mg dl−1). It was indicated that a 5% concentration of the bagasse charcoal application on bulk oil show less detrimental impact on rat lipid profile of cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, VLVL, and LDL. The study suggests that using bagasse-activated carbon will reduce the damaging effect of bulk oil on lipid profile. Further study should be made on the safety of the use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellulase enzymes in the refining process in paper making are known to reduce energy and grinding costs. The industry requires large amounts of cellulases related to the low activity of cellulases produced. The optimization process is known to increase the value of cellulase activity produced. In the process of cellulase production, carbon sources based on cellulose waste, such as grass and bagasse, can reduce production costs. The purpose of this study is to find out the optimum fermentation carbon source that produces the highest cellulase activity between grass and bagasse by actinomycetes ID07–287. It also aims to increase the value of cellulase activity by optimizing the concentration of selected carbon sources and the pH of the fermentation media. This research includes the preparation of grass biomass and bagasse, the production of cellulase enzymes for the selection of the optimum carbon source, and the optimization of the production of carbon source concentrations and the pH of the fermentation media. Based on the research results, it is known that grass is the best fermentation carbon source, with an activity value of 0.086 U/mL. The results of optimization of production, at a concentration of 2%, is the optimum concentration with an activity value of 0.099 U / mL and the pH of the fermentation media 9 produces an optimum activity value of 0.107 U/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies show sugarcane bagasse ash and marble waste are used as fillers in concrete mixtures to produce more environmentally friendly construction material. The characteristics of these inputs become the basis for their utilization. Marbles are known to contain silicon-dioxide/silica (SiO2), calcium oxide (CaO), and magnesium oxide (MgO) as the primary chemical components. Meanwhile, the bagasse possesses similar content as the main constituents of Portland cement, including silica (SiO2) and ferrite (Fe2O3) believed to increase the compressive strength of concrete. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the effects of the quality of marble waste and bagasse ash on the compressive strength of concrete. This paper applied SNI 03-2834-2000 standard with compressive strength of 30 MPa, cube specimen with 15cm side measurement, and test age of 14 and 28 days. Also, the composition of the mixture was varied at 12% marble waste, 6% bagasse ash, and 12% marble waste mixture+6% bagasse ash. The results showed the 12% marble waste mixture expressed the highest compressive strength of 39.93 MPa or an increase of 25.37% against normal concrete, while the 6% bagasse ash decreased to 26.68 MPa or an estimated -13.25%. This decline is due to corrosion observed in the bagasse and therefore tends to alter the quality of the concrete mixture. Furthermore, 12% of marble waste demonstrated useful workability and is suitable for enhancing compressive strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of different cross head speed on the tensile and flexural behavior of sugarcane bagasse reinforced epoxy composites has been studied. The epoxy based composites with 5 wt. % varying reinforcement (5, 10 and15) was developed using hand layup technique. The tensile behavior of these composites has been studied using different cross head speed (5, 25 and 50 mm/min) as per ASTM D3039 method. The flexural behavior of same composites has been reported using different cross head speeds (1, 1.5 and 2 mm/min) as per ASTM D790 method. It is observed from the experimented results that mechanical behavior is a function of cross head speeds. The tensile strength and the flexural strength have been improved with increase in cross head speed. This may due to uniform stress distribution across the matrix – fiber interface and also the compatibility between both matrix and fiber. Further, higher reinforcement of bagasse fiber results in decrease of tensile strength but significant increase in flexural strength of composites. This may be due to generation of voids and non-resin section due to improper impregnation of fiber and matrix. The ductility of composites also followed the same trend as that of strength behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infrastructure building has accelerated tremendously during the last century. Concrete is crucial to this growth since it is used extensively in constructing various structures in everyday life. Among all building materials, concrete is the only one that was purposefully designed and had unique qualities. Due to its longevity and great compressive strength, it is the most used building material in the construction industry. Owing to the rising industrial need for concrete, scientists and researchers are researching alternative binder materials that are environmentally friendly and assist in organizing agricultural excess, mostly sugarcane ash. The article explores the use of sugarcane bagasse ash in concrete to increase the industry's sustainability. The concrete beams are tested for the effects of shear and flexure. Additionally, the report gives valuable information for durability investigations and microstructural analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paver blocks which are well known for their interlocking and flexible characteristics have been used widely in the world mainly for the laying of pavements, driveways, pedestrian precincts, patios, town centers, and also for common road purposes concerning their highly adaptable properties. Ideas are developed to produce various types of pavers with different characteristics according to its need. Plastics are vastly available around the world and the increasing number of waste has also been increasing tremendously. Plastics have incredible possessions like lightweight, tension, elongation, flexural and water-resistant which helps the construction industry to use this as an alternative product of filler material. The usage of agro-based industrial wastes like Bagasse which is burnt up to certain degrees and turned up into ash contains much pozzolanic character used as an alternative for the binding material. Viewing the environmental aspects, the casting of the pavers includes recyclable plastics and the agro-based industrial waste called bagasse ash. Addition of the products with a simultaneously increasing percentage of 10%, 20% up to 50% to find its strength and capacity of its usage in a regular way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioproduction of xylitol has been explored worldwide for at least 30 years as a prospective alternative to chemical processes, which have significant shortcomings in terms of efficiency and sustainability. This study focused on the fermentation of xylose from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate for xylitol production using Candida tropicalis InaCCY56. The effects of inoculation age, inoculum concentration and initial xylose concentration on xylitol fermentation by C. tropicalis InaCCY56 were analyzed using the fermentation method. The optimal fermentation conditions were determined. Inoculation concentration OD600 nm= 5 and inoculation age 24 hours. Xylose initial concentration 50 g/L. Under these optimal fermentation conditions, C. tropicalis InaCCY56 was able to ferment sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate to produce 31.7 g/L xylitol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agroindustry waste such as sugarcane bagasse and empty fruit bunch are a sustainable carbon source for bioenergy production. Yeast converts carbon sources from biomass into bioethanol through fermentation. However, the main content in the biomass is lignocellulose. Therefore, biomass pretreatment was needed to degrade lignocellulose into reducing sugars. For that reason, the main purpose of this research is transforming the raw biomass bagasse and EFB as substrate in Submerged State Fermentation (SSF) for bioethanol production by indigenous yeast from Indonesia. Pretreatment of bagasse and EFB by sulfuric acid successfully degrade lignocellulose into reducing sugar. In addition, saccharification from bagasse and EFB using commercial cellulase and xylanase have been resulted high effectivity for sugar reduction production. Furthermore, fermentation of these sugar by Saccharomyces cerevisiae BTCC 12 in SSF can produce bioethanol. The ethanol concentration from bagasse fermentation was detected 0.29 g/L at 24 hours from total sugar amount such as 2.613 g/L. On the other hand, the process SSF for 24 hours fermentation EFB produced ethanol with concentration 0.854 g/L from total sugar 5.607 g/L. Furthermore, the ethanol yield for bagasse reached 21.76%., the yield of ethanol from EFB fermentation is higher than bagasse, it is 28.86%. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of biomass pretreatment in the production of bioethanol from biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice husks and sugarcane bagasse are waste of agriculture industry which contain of fibers. The utilization of rice husk and sugarcane bagasse will produce raw material as cellulose fiber. Those fibers could be used as matrix for magnetic biocomposite formation. The magnetic biocomposite is potential as adsorbent for water treatment. The performance of Fe(III) ion adsorption and reusability of adsorbent were studied. The synthesis of magnetic biocomposite was conducted by solvothermal method. The size of rice husks and sugarcane bagasse were sieved pass of 60 mesh. In order to get cellulose fiber, the rice husk and sugarcane bagasse pass through delignification process. Rice husk fiber and sugarcane bagasse with ratio 1:1 were added into ethylene glycol containing of FeCl3.6H2O, anhydrous sodium acetate, and 1,6-hexanediaminse. Next, the mixture was poured into Teflon Stainless Steel Autoclave Reactor and heated at 200°C for 6 h. The black precipitate was produced as magnetic bio-composite. The magnetic nanoparticles were found along fiber which identified by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red measurement. The optimum condition of Fe (III) ion adsorption was achieved at pH 5 for 60 mins with adsorption capacity about 54.77 mg/g. The magnetic biocomposite is reusable, it showed a good performance with a decreasing number only 6.9% for 4th repetitions at same condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, fuels costs and usage are increasing day by day, the current share of biofuel and bio solid wastes used for usage in almost all area is low. Air and environment are also polluted by the part of burning of agricultural solid wastes, for changing this scenario, converting the bio solid wastes into syngas by the process called Gasification. It is the process of allowing the bio solids and heating it by high temperature in the bed material and producing syn gas. It is ancient one and this process is used in World War II periods for consuming the fuels in the demand of petroleum and fuels. Air Blown Bed Gasifier (ABBG) is using this same principle, here we deployed high flow rate air blower to make the process efficient. This have interrelated steps and reactions. By the process, first the coal or solid wastes like rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, are feed stock materials. This project work was carried out in four processes they are drying, pyrolysis combustion and reduction, base feed stock is rice husk in this gasifier. These four processes involve various temperatures in their respecting zones. And it is based on simple concept of incomplete combustion. Drawbacks of air blown bed gasifier process is having the high tar content in produced syngas. A new air blown bed gasifier were modelled using Fusion 360 software. Then it has been fabricated successfully. This product reduces air pollution when compared with unwanted burning of agricultural wastes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present time as the air pollution and waste management are very serious problems, researchers are studying various agricultural waste materials and trying to find optimum utilization of these waste materials. A huge quantity of agricultural waste is generated per year includes rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, coconut husk and other organic wastes. Reusing of these waste materials in construction was proved to be an optimum solution for high cost of construction and disposal of such waste material. Rice husk ash (RHA) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) are pozzolanic material and can be used in preparation of concrete. As a pozzolanic material these ashes are used to modify the properties of concrete and bring the economy in preparation of concrete. In the presents research work RHA and SCBA are used as a partial replacement of binder i.e cement. These ashes were used in different proportions. Experimental investigation consists of conducting a series of different test on fresh and hardened concrete. From test results the effects of these ashes on fresh and hardened properties of concrete are analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this research is to replace sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) as a substitute to cement and M sand as a partial substitute to sand in concrete proportion. Aluminum ion and silica are the major components of bagasse ash. In this work, Bagasse ash and M sand was partially substituted in concrete at the ratios of 0 percent, 5 percent, 15 percent, and 25 percent instead of cement. Hardened concrete tests such as compressive, split tensile and flexural strength tests were carried out. Further various tests were carried out to find the durability characteristics of concrete. From these results, it is proven that that increasing the proportion of bagasse ash and M sand substitution increases the strength of concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From recent years' research, the use of aluminum metal matrix composites has increased due to their mind-blowing characteristics and enormous applications. Likewise, many types of fillers and processing routes were employed to develop the same which mainly govern the output characteristics. Heat Treatment of the developed composites was utilized to attain anticipated physical and mechanical behavior through alteration of the crystal structure of the constituents. So, this research paper is intended at exploring the sway of heat action and age hardening on the possessions of the developed composites. Hybrid composites were fabricated by filling ZrC and bagasse ash in an aluminum matrix as per the L4 Taguchi range by varying the processing constrictions in 2 stages. The established composites were endangered to diverse kinds of heat handling procedures to learn the outcome of the identical on its performance. The physiognomies like compactness, rigidity, and attire were examined, related, and consolidated beforehand and afterward the heat treatment of specimens. ANNOVA analysis was engaged to identify the implication of the governing constrictions on the retorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excessive chromium (Cr) in the surrounding is unhealthy for living organism. Cr is used in various industries because of its anti-corrosion property. It acts as protective corrosion-resistant oxides on the alloy surface. Effluent generated from these industries contains chromium (VI). Thus, removal of Chromium (VI) from effluent becomes essential. Several inexpensive plant based products such as rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, Tulsi leaf & branches, coconut shell & coir as well as fly ash has been used for chromium removal. In this study coconut shell has been used to prepare activated charcoal for chromium (VI) adsorption. The concentration of Cr (VI) was determined by colorimeter through absorbance of the solution. Removal of chromium (VI) from synthetic wastewater was studied using contact time and chromium concentration as variable parameters. The results obtained were also compared with commercial charcoal. It was found that commercial charcoal act as better adsorbent compared to coconut shell charcoal for the removal of Chromium from chromium containing synthetic wastewater due to its larger surface area and less porosity. Coconut shell charcoal was prepared by the waste materials and reduce the concentration of Cr (VI) from wastewater. Hence it is economical and will also help in waste management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, biochar derived from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse (usually considered agricultural waste in India) are used for the formation of clay bricks which are very widely used in most developing countries. The basic properties of biochar that made it a good substitute to the clay in the clay bricks were increased strength, water absorption and humidity control, insulation due to the entrapment of air in the micro porous structure of biochar. During the study it was found that biochar produced from agricultural waste had a better porous structure and hence provided better insulation that biochar formed using any other This study examined the feasibility of such clay bricks formed by partial replacement of clay with biochar, which was formed using sugarcane bagasse and rice husk in a 1:1 ratio. The biochar formed was crushed and passed through a 75 micron sieve. This biochar formed was used directly without any additives. The bricks were made in addition of 5% biochar up to a total of 20%. The bricks formed using more than 20% biochar concentration were rejected as cracking was observed in the brick samples. 10 of these biochar - clay bricks for each increment were formed. The biochar - clay bricks were sundried and then fired in a kiln at different temperatures. The quality of bricks was analyzed for water absorption and efflorescence. The biochar - clay bricks were cured and their corresponding absorptive tendency and alkali presence was determined. The bricks with 15% by weight biochar - clay composition and 15 day curing were found to show least efflorescence while the absorptive nature of the bricks was found to increase slightly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concrete is very sensitive in its fresh condition. Cracks are nearly unavoidable even after taking every precaution from the selection of material to the casting of concrete. Cracks are termite for concrete. hence it is necessary to provide such agents in the concrete which can increase its autogenous healing ability. In this paper, bacillus subtilis bacteria and sugarcane bagasse ash have been used in concrete to study their effects on its strength and water absorption property. The experiment is done in two steps. In the first step, sugarcane bagasse-ash is used in cement concrete as partial replacement with cement by 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% to find out optimum replacement value of bagasse ash for which we get maximum compressive strength of the concrete and we found it at 10 % replacement. Then in the second step, solution of bacillus subtilis bacteria having concentration 105 cells/ml is used with bagasse ash partially replaced with cement by 10% in the casting of concrete. It was found that the compressive strength further increases by 20.57% with the addition of bacteria in bagasse-ash based concrete. Water absorption capacity was found to be reduced up to 20.10%. Hence the crux is that the use of bacillus subtilis bacteria at the concentration 105 cells/ml and sugarcane bagasse ash with 10% replacement with OPC improves the mechanical properties and impermeability by reducing the water absorption capacity of concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the construction industry, bricks are considered as an essential building component among worldwide. Bricks has been produced by various methods including traditional and new technological procedures. Taking sustainability as the key factor, the rice husk and sugarcane bagasse is used to make sustainable brick. In this study a successful attempt made the replacement of fly ash by sugarcane bagasse and rice husk in the 5%, 10% and 15% to the raw materials. So a new concept of adding both the materials is to make eco-friendly environment, prevent land, air pollution and also we will study the mechanical and Durability properties of the brick to observe the ambitions, to discover the clay bricks produced via way of means of the addition of agricultural waste merchandise particularly bagasse sugarcane and rice ash. Disposal of this waste is a hard and perilous assignment within the environment. Sugarcane bagasse and rice husks have been accumulated domestically inside the towns of Coimbatore and Madurai respectively. These have been combined with brick for making bricks in 3 extraordinary sizes particularly 5, 10 and 15% via way of means of weight of fly ash. Equipment particularly compressive energy and modulus of cracked and study systems i.e. water absorption; Frost resistance and sulphate resistance of those bricks have been tested. Experimental outcomes have proven that resistance to sulphate assault and efflorescence of Fly ash bricks comprising bagasse of sugarcane and ashes of rice husks have significantly increased. However, no tremendous effect at the mechanical houses turned into observed. Moreover, the addition of waste reduces the load of the brick unit which reduces the general weight of the constructing main to extra green construction. Therefore, it is able to be concluded that the addition of waste merchandise to brick manufacturing can less the environmental burden that ends in developing an increasing number of sustainable savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a platform chemical that derivate biofuel, production of Levulinic Acid from biomass can be a great of impact on the sustainable development. This study aims to validate the kinetic model for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse to Levulinic Acid, to redetermine the optimum reaction conditions for the reaction, and to predict the course of the reaction if a continuous reactor (CSTR and PFR) is used. The number of data used in this study were 384 data collected from 8 experiments by Girisuta (2013). The method of this study is data simulation using the Curve_Fit function method in PYTHON 3.8. The results of this study indicate that the kinetic model remains valid with different simulation methods, the reaction at 150°C and 0.55M H2SO4 gives the highest LA yield of 63mol% and thus concluded to be the optimum condition, and in a given residence time, the PFR continuous reactor configuration gives higher LA yields than the CSTR continuous reactor configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the process optimization for the synthesis of activated carbon (AC) derived from sugarcane bagasse via microwave assisted potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation for methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption was employed using Central Composite Design. Characterization of AC using Brunauer Emmett and Teller (BET) revealed specific surface area of 307.2 m2/g. Three variables namely power, time and char/KOH ratio were chosen for the process optimization and MB removal percentage as the investigated response. The optimum preparation conditions were found occurred at power of 200 W, time of 2 min and char/KOH ratio of 0.5, resulting in the removal of 94.30% MB. The sugarcane bagasse-based AC produced shows the great potential to be utilized as a raw material for the production of AC with good adsorption properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite of the growing popularity in the construction sector, there is a need for better research to find new alternative materials used in construction activities. This paper argues the efficiency of using sugarcane baggase ash as a pozzolanic material and coconut shell as a cost effective material in the production of concrete. Sugarcane bagasse ash is known to be an additional cement ingredient that can address the environmental concerns associated with its disposal. Coconut shells are another agricultural waste that is readily available which is facing serious disposal problems. This paper discusses the usage of these materials as a alternative of fine and coarse aggregates with replacement dosages varying from 5% to 20% by weight. The result proved that the usage of coconut shell and baggase ash certified an increase in the compressive strength of concrete without affecting its hardened properties. The optimum replacement ratio of 15% have yielded an marginal increase in the compressive strength. Moreover this will double the benefit of reducing both the cost of building materials and the problems of disposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need to develop more efficient adsorbent comparable to commercially available adsorbent, garnering a lot of attention as a viable adsorbent for industrial wastewater treatment. The objective of this research is to eradicate lead from the industrial wastewater by adopting an adsorbent in the form of bio-nanomaterial composite. Adsorption is a potential approach for removing heavy metals that have harmful impacts on the environment. The goal of this research is to remove lead using potential raw materials such as sugarcane bagasse and graphene oxide. In the adsorption of Lead, the raw material chosen for the experiment exhibited promising adsorption capabilities. Various analytical techniques, such as UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, were used to investigate the mechanism of interaction of Bio-nanomaterial with lead. Batch adsorption studies were conducted to optimise affecting parameters including contact time and adsorbent dosage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental impact of construction industries is obvious as they deplete the natural resources by overconsumption and polluting the environment by emitting greenhouse gases. Emerging thoughts of sustainable construction lead to experiments on the ways to solve the issues related to these. Reuse of wastes as construction and building materials will, certainly help in achieving the sustainability goals. In this study an approach of utilizing the Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SBA), a non-biodegradable waste generated by burning Sugarcane Bagasse for the energy production in sugar industries, for manufacturing of unburnt brick in place of clay, along with Lime powder and Quarry dust. Compressive strength and other physical properties have been correlated and discussed the benefits of usage of SBA in brick manufacturing [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays the major global problem in sustainable development was restricted by call and crisis of energy. The overview over the entire plant design of a sugar plant has been analyzed that the time taken for firing the bagasse inside the boiler was too long. To reduce this bagasse dryer was designed and used to decrease the bagasse's humidity afore loading in the boiler. The flue gases liberated from the top of the boiler were sent inside the bagasse dryer. The heat released inside the bagasse dryer decreases the moisture in the bagasse which cause increase in firing rate inside the sugar plant's boiler and resulting in improved efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]